Alexander Glazunov: Biography of umqambi

U-Alexander Glazunov ungumqambi, umculi, umqhubi, uprofesa eSt. Petersburg Conservatory. Wayekwazi ukuphindaphinda izingoma eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngendlebe. U-Alexander Konstantinovich uyisibonelo esihle sabaqambi baseRussia. Ngesinye isikhathi wayengumeluleki weShostakovich.

Izikhangiso

Ubuntwana nobusha

Wayengowezikhulu zofuzo. Usuku lokuzalwa lukaMaestro lungo-Agasti 10, 1865. UGlazunov wakhulela enhloko-dolobha yamasiko yaseRussia, iSt. Petersburg, emkhayeni wabadayisi bezincwadi.

Esemncane, wathola ithalenta lomculo. Lapho ngineminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye, u-Alexander Konstantinovich wafunda ukudlala upiyano, futhi ngemva kweminyaka embalwa wabhala ingoma yakhe yokuqala. Wayezwa kahle futhi ekhumbula kahle.

Ekupheleni kwawo-70, waba nenhlanhla yokuhlangana noNikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. Uthisha onolwazi nomqambi wafundisa lo mfana itiyori yomculo nokuqanjwa. Ngokushesha wethula emphakathini i-symphony yakhe yokuqala kanye ne-string quartet.

Alexander Konstantinovich wafundiswa kwesinye sezikole edolobheni lakubo. Ngo-1883, uGlazunov wabamba idiploma ezandleni zakhe, wabe eselalela izinkulumo, kodwa kakade esikhungweni semfundo ephakeme.

Alexander Glazunov: Indlela Creative

Umculi wabonwa nguMitrofan Belyaev. Ngokusekelwa umholi onokuhlangenwe nakho, uzovakashela amadolobha amaningana angaphandle okokuqala ngqa. Kwenye yazo wakwazi ukujwayelana nomqambi uF. Liszt.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, uMitrofan uzodala okuthiwa yi-Belyaevsky circle. Inhlangano ihlanganisa izibalo zomculo eziqhakazile zaseRussia. Umgomo wabaqambi uwukusondela kubaqambi baseNtshonalanga.

Ngo-1886, u-Alexander wazama isandla sakhe njengomqhubi. Emakhonsathini e-symphony, wethula imisebenzi yombhali ephumelela kakhulu. Ngemva konyaka, Glazunov waba nethuba ukuqinisa igunya lakhe.

Alexander Borodin wafa ngo-1887. Akazange wakwazi ukuqeda opera brilliant "Prince Igor". UGlazunov noRimsky-Korsakov baphathiswe ukukhiqiza umsebenzi ongakaqediwe kumaphuzu. UGlazunov wezwa izingcezu ze-opera ezingafakiwe, ukuze akwazi ukubuyisela futhi ahlele ucezu lomculo ngendlebe.

Igalelo ekuthuthukisweni kweSt. Petersburg Conservatory

Ekupheleni kwawo-90, wathatha isikhundla sokuba uprofesa eSt. Petersburg Conservatory. Uzochitha amashumi amathathu eminyaka ngaphakathi kwezindonga zesikhungo semfundo, futhi, ekugcineni, akhuphukele isikhundla somqondisi.

U-Alexander wakwazi ukuthuthukisa kakhulu i-Conservatory. Lapho emi "esiphethweni" sesikhungo semfundo, ku-conservatory kwavela isitudiyo se-opera kanye ne-orchestra. UGlazunov uqinise izidingo hhayi kuphela kubafundi, kodwa nakothisha.

Umqambi wakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nesimiso Soviet. Kwaba namahemuhemu ukuthi uxhumana kahle ne-People's Commissar Anatoly Lunacharsky. Ngesandla sakhe esilula, ekuqaleni kwawo-20 wathola isihloko esithi "Umculi Wabantu we-RSFSR".

Kodwa noma kunjalo wayengakakulungeli ukubekezelela izisekelo ezintsha. Amandla ayephezu kwakhe. Izikhulu zacindezela ubuhlakani bakhe. Ekupheleni kwawo-20, wafika eVienna. U-Alexander Konstantinovich wathola isimemo sokuphatha ijaji. Wahlulela umncintiswano womculo, owawunikezelwe esikhumbuzweni sokushona kukaSchubert omkhulu. UGlazunov akazange abuyele ezweni lakubo.

Wasebenza kwaze kwaba yiminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe. Imisebenzi yomculo emangalisayo yaphuma esibayeni se-maestro. I-Glazunov inemisebenzi eyikhulu ye-symphonic ekhredithi yakhe: i-sonatas, ama-overtures, ama-cantatas, ama-fugues, ezothando.

Imininingwane yempilo yomuntu siqu

Umqambi akakwazanga ukusungula impilo yomuntu siqu isikhathi eside. Lapho eseneminyaka engu-64 kuphela lapho enza khona ukukhetha kwakhe. Washada no-Olga Nikolaevna Gavrilova. Lona wesifazane wayesenendodakazi yomshado wakhe wokuqala. U-Elena (indodakazi yokutholwa kaGlazunov) wayenesibongo se-maestro. Wamamukela futhi wasiza ekwakheni umsebenzi esiteji esikhulu.

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana ne-maestro

1. Umkhulu we-maestro, u-Ilya Glazunov, washicilela umsebenzi wembongi enkulu ethi "Eugene Onegin" ngesikhathi sokuphila kukaPushkin. Inkampani yokushicilela izincwadi zeGlazunov yaqala ukuba khona eSt. Petersburg ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18.
2. Wajabulela ukuthandwa okukhulu eYurophu.
3. Ngo-1905 washiya i-Conservatory. Ukwehluleka kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi wawela ekucindezelekeni.
4. Njengomqondisi we-conservatory, wanika abafundi abampofu imifundaze eyengeziwe. Ngakho, wayefuna ukusiza abantu abasha ukuba bangamoshi ithalente labo ebumpofu.
5. Unkosikazi we-maestro ngemva kokushona komyeni wakhe wasuka eParis waya eZweni Elingcwele. Wazivalela esitokisini sendlu yezindela ukuze ngandlela thize ahlangane nomyeni wakhe ongasekho.

Ukufa komqambi u-Alexander Glazunov

Izikhangiso

I-maestro yashona ngoMashi 21, 1936 endaweni yaseNeuilly-sur-Seine. Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kwabangela ukufa komqambi waseRussia. Ekuqaleni kwawo-70 ekhulwini elidlule umlotha ka-Alexander wayiswa enhloko-dolobha yaseRussia futhi wangcwatshwa emathuneni Tikhvin.