Kunamabhendi aseqine ngokwesiko elidumile ngenxa yamathrekhi ambalwa. Kwabaningi, leli yiqembu le-American hardcore punk Black Flag.
Amaculo afana ne-Rise Above ne-TV Party angazwakala kumamuvi amaningi nezinhlelo ze-TV emhlabeni jikelele. Ngezindlela eziningi, yilawa mahithi akhiphe iqembu leBlack Flag, okwenza laziwe kubabukeli abaningi.
Esinye isizathu esenza leli qembu lidume wuphawu lwenganekwane, izinga lodumo abaculi beqembu le-punk rock i-Misfits abangaqhudelana nalo.
Ubuciko beqembu leqoqo abukhawulelwe ekuqambeni okumbalwa okuyimpumelelo. Umthelela abaculi abe nawo esikweni laseMelika mkhulu kakhulu.
Ukuqala kohambo lweqembu leBlack Flag
Maphakathi nawo-1970, i-hard rock, i-heavy metal yathathelwa indawo yi-punk rock, igagasi lokuduma elakhukhula umhlaba wonke. Iqembu le-punk rock the Ramones likhuthaze abaculi abaningi abasebasha, okuhlanganisa nomsunguli weBlack Flag uGreg Ginn.
Ethonywe umculo kaRamones, uGreg wanquma ukusungula iqembu lakhe, uPanic. Ukuqanjwa kweqembu kwashintsha izikhathi eziningi, ngakho abaculi abaningi basekhaya bakwazi ukudlala eqenjini.
Ngokushesha umculi uKeith Morris wajoyina iqembu. Wathatha indawo endaweni yokuma umbhobho cishe iminyaka emithathu. Le ndoda, eyama emsuka we-American hardcore punk, yaduma ngenxa ye-Circle Jerks. Nokho, Keith waqala umsebenzi wakhe eqenjini Black Flag, waba yingxenye ebalulekile emlandweni weqembu.
Enye ingxenye ebalulekile yesiteji sokuqala kwakungumdlali we-bass u-Chuck Dukowski. Akazange abe yingxenye yokwakhiwa komculo kuphela, kodwa futhi waba ngummeleli oyinhloko weqembu le-Black Flag. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uGreg Ginn wahlala umholi weqembu, kwaba Chuck owanikeza izingxoxo eziningi. Ubephinde abe yingxenye yokuphathwa kwezivakashi.
Indima yesigubhu yaya kuRoberto "Robo" Valverdo.
inkazimulo iyeza
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi leli qembu lathola owalo umsindo, izinto azizange zihambe kahle eminyakeni yokuqala yokuba khona kweqembu. Abaculi kwakudingeka badlale "emathaveni", bethola imali encane kuphela ngalokhu.
Yayingekho imali eyanele, ngakho-ke kwakuvame ukuhlukahluka kokudala. Izingxabano zaphoqa uKeith Morris ukuthi ashiye iqembu, kube nomphumela omuhle.
Esikhundleni sikaKeith, iqembu lakwazi ukuthola umuntu owaba samuntu weqembu iminyaka eminingi. Lena indawo ka-Henry Rollins. I-charisma yakhe kanye nesiteji sakhe sashintsha i-American punk rock.
Leli qembu lithole ulaka ebelingenalo. UHenry waba umculi omusha oyinhloko, owathatha isikhundla sabantu abambalwa besikhashana kulesi sikhundla. U-Des Cadena ubambe lesi sikhundla izinyanga ezimbalwa, waphinde waqeqeshwa njengesigingci sesibili, egxile engxenyeni yomculo.
Ngo-Agasti 1981, kwakhululwa i-albhamu yokuqala yeqembu, eyaba yi-hardcore punk classic. Irekhodi lalibizwa ngokuthi Limahlisiwe futhi laba nomuzwa ongaphansi komhlaba waseMelika. Umculo weqembu ubugqame ngobudlova obudlulele ngale kwe-punk rock yakudala.
Ngemva kokukhululwa, abaculi baqhubeka nokuvakasha kwabo kokuqala okukhulu, okwenzeka eMelika naseYurophu. Ukuduma kweqembu leBlack Flag kwakhula, lokhu kwavumela abaculi ukuthi badlulele ngale “kweqembu” eligxile kakhulu.
Umehluko wobuciko phakathi kwebhendi yeBlack Flag
Naphezu kwempumelelo, leli qembu alizange lihlale isikhathi eside ekubunjweni "kwegolide". Ngesikhathi sokuvakasha, u-Robo washiya ibhendi wathathelwa indawo ngu-Chuck Biscuits. Kanye naye, leli qembu laqopha i-albhamu yesibili yobude obugcwele ethi My War, eyayihluke kakhulu eqoqweni lokuqala.
Kakade lapha, ukuhlolwa ngomsindo kwakuphawuleka, okwakungeyona isici se-punk eqinile eqondile yangaleso sikhathi. Ingxenye yesibili ye-albhamu yayinomsindo we-doom metal ozwakala kakhulu engxenyeni yokuqala yerekhodi.
Khona-ke u-Biskits washiya iqembu, elingazange lithole ulimi oluvamile nabanye ababambiqhaza. Indawo ngemuva kwekhithi yesigubhu iye kumculi ophumelele uBill Stevenson, owayedlala eqenjini le-punk rock elithi Descendents.
Omunye umuntu owaxabana noGreg Ginn nguChuck Dukowski, owashiya lolu hlu ngo-1983. Konke lokhu kube nomthelela omkhulu kokubili kwekhonsathi kanye nemisebenzi yesitudiyo.
Ukubhidlika kweqembu Lefulegi Elimnyama
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iqembu laqhubeka nokukhipha inhlanganisela ehlukahlukene kanye nama-albhamu amancane, umsebenzi wokudala weqembu leBlack Flag wawuncipha. I-albhamu entsha i-Slip It In ikhishwe, lapho abaculi bashiya khona izingoma ze-hardcore punk. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwavela umsebenzi wokuhlola we-Family Man, owenziwe ohlotsheni lwamagama akhulunywayo.
Umsindo waba yinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu, ucindezelekile futhi uyisicefe, owakhanga izifiso zokudala zikaGreg. Izilaleli kuphela ezingazange zihlanganyele izithakazelo zomholi weqembu leBlack Flag, elidlala ngokuhlolwa. Ngo-1985, i-albhamu ethi In My Head yakhululwa, okwathi ngemva kwalokho ibhendi yahlukana kungazelelwe.
isiphetho
Iqembu leBlack Flag liyingxenye ebalulekile yakho kokubili isiko elingaphansi komhlaba laseMelika kanye nesiko elidumile. Izingoma zeqembu zivela kumafilimu aseHollywood kuze kube namuhla. Futhi uphawu oludumile lwe-Black Flag luku-T-shirts abantu abadumile bemidiya - abalingisi, abaculi, abasubathi.
Ngo-2013, leli qembu laphinde lahlangana ndawonye, lakhipha i-albhamu yokuqala eminyakeni eminingi, What The ... Kodwa mancane amathuba okuthi uhlu lwamanje luzokwazi ukufinyelela ezindaweni eziphakeme ezazineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 edlule.
Umculi wezwi uRon Reyes wehlulekile ukuvala isikhala sikaRollins. KwakunguHenry Rollins oqhubekile nokuba ngumuntu leli qembu elimataniswa naye nabalaleli abaningi. Futhi ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza kwakhe, iqembu alinalo ithuba lenkazimulo yalo yangaphambili.
