U-Dorival Caymmi ungumdlali obalulekile embonini yomculo nefilimu yaseBrazil. Emsebenzini omude wokudala, wazibona njenge-bard, umqambi, umculi nomculi wezingoma, umlingisi. Engcebweni yakhe yezimpumelelo, kunenani elimangalisayo lemisebenzi yombhali ezwakala kumafilimu.
Ezweni lamazwe e-CIS, uCaimmi waduma njengombhali wendikimba yomculo eyinhloko yefilimu ethi "Generals of the Sandpits", kanye nomsebenzi womculo we-Retirantes (ingoma izwakala ochungechungeni lwehlelo elithi "Slave Izaura").
Ubuntwana nobusha Dorival Caymmi
Usuku lokuzalwa lomculi ngu-April 30, 1914. Waba nenhlanhla yokuhlangana nobuntwana bakhe edolobheni elimibalabala laseBrazil iSalvador. Wakhulela emndenini ohlakaniphile futhi ocebile.
Inhloko yomndeni ibiphethe isikhundla esihloniphekile sesisebenzi sikahulumeni. Umama wazinikela ekukhuliseni izingane ezintathu. Owesifazane akakaze afise ukufeza ikhono lakhe. Wayesekela umyeni wakhe, futhi wayehileleke ekuthuthukiseni inzalo.
Endlini yomkhaya omkhulu, kwakuvame ukuzwakala umculo. Ubaba, owayebhekene nezindaba ezingathi sína, akazange aziphike ubumnandi bokudlala umculo. Ekhaya, wayedlala izinsimbi zomculo eziningana. Futhi umama wenza izincwadi zezinganekwane, egxilisa ezinganeni uthando ngesiko laseBrazil.
UDorival wafunda esikoleni esibanzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abazali babela le nsizwa ekwayeni yesonto. Umfundisi namakholwa bahlatshwa umxhwele amazwi ezwi alensizwa. Abazali bacatshangelwa ngobuqili ukuthi ikusasa elihle lomculo lalilindele indodana yabo.
Umsebenzi wokuqala kaDorival Caymmi
U-Caimmi akazange aveze ngokushesha amandla akhe okudala. Waze wayeka nokucula. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, wayengelwa yi-journalism. Lo mfana ubesebenza itoho ephephandabeni lendawo lombuso. Ngemva kokushintsha indlela, uDorival waphoqeleka ukuba ashintshe imisebenzi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukhanyisa inyanga njengomthengisi ojwayelekile wasemgwaqweni.
Cishe ngaso leso sikhathi, waphinde waqala ukuhileleka emculweni. UCaimmi wathatha isiginci. Le nsizwa yakwazi ngokuzimela ukudlala insimbi yomculo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akazange aziphike ubumnandi bokucula.
Ekupheleni kwe-20s yekhulu leminyaka elidlule, waqala ukuqamba izingoma zombhali. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengengxenye yomkhosi wendabuko waseBrazil, umsebenzi wakhe wawugujwa ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, akunakushiwo ukuthi ukunqoba emcimbini we-carnival kwanezela ekuthandeni kwakhe. Kuzothatha amashumi eminyaka ambalwa ukuthi ithalente lika-Caimmi libonakale.
Kwaphela isikhathi eside engaziboni njengomculi onethalente, umculi, umqambi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uCaimmi wayengeke axhumanise impilo yakhe nomsebenzi wokudala. U-Dorival ngokungazi wayekholelwa ukuthi wayezibona kwenye into.
Ngama-30s, upakisha izikhwama zakhe futhi, ngokuphikelela kwenhloko yomndeni, uya eRio de Janeiro. Le nsizwa yayihlose ukuthola imfundo yezomthetho. Njengomfundi, uCaimmi usebenza isikhathi esithile e-Diários Associados.
Ngisho nangaphambi kokuthuthela e-Rio de Janeiro, amathrekhi amaningana alo mculi ayeshintshaniswa emsakazweni wendawo. Enye yezingoma yathandwa ngumculi ohlonishwayo uCarmen Miranda. Ekupheleni kwawo-30, ingoma ka-Dorival ethi "Inantoni intombazane yase-Bahia?" kuzwakale ku-movie ethi "Banana".
Isayina ne-Odeon Records
Eminyakeni yakhe yokufunda, uCaimmi waqhubeka nokudlala umculo ukuze azijabulise, kodwa, njengangaphambili, akazange athathele ubuciko ngokungathi sína. Kodwa ngeze. Izinhloko zesitudiyo sokuqopha i-Odeon Records zaya kumfana onethalente ukuze athembise ukusayina inkontileka. U-Dorival unikeze impendulo eyakhayo.
Usebenze kanzima esitudiyo sokuqopha ukuze agcine ethule ingoma eyodwa kodwa ezintathu. Sikhuluma ngamathrekhi: Rainha do Mar/Promessa de Pescador, Roda Pião kanye no-O Que É Que a Baiana Tem?/A Preta do Acarajé.
Kusukela kulesi sikhathi lapho umsebenzi wokudala we-Dorival onethalente uqala. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ngaphakathi kohlaka "lwekholomu" yenethiwekhi ye-Rádio Nacional, (ngaleso sikhathi kwakungenye yamaza omsakazo alalelwa kakhulu eBrazil), izingoma ezithi Sambada Minha Terra kanye ne-A Janada Voltou Só zazwakala.
Udumo lomculi lukhule kakhulu. Waqala ukuthola izinhlinzeko zokubambisana nabaqondisi. Ngakho, phakathi nalesi sikhathi, waqala ukuqamba ingoma "Abacaxi Azul" tape. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena ngokwakhe wakwenza efilimini.
Inani Eliphakeme Lokuduma kuka-Dorival Caymmi
Lapho umsebenzi u-Acontece Que Eu Sou Baiano "undiza" ezindlebeni zabalandeli, umdwebi ngomqondo ongokoqobo wegama wavuka ethandwa. Kwabe sekufika ukuqaphela ukuthi umculo uwumkhakha lapho engakwazi khona kuphela, kodwa kufanele athuthuke.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wathola elinye ithalenta kuye - wapenda izithombe ngokupholile. Kamuva, umculi wadala uchungechunge lwama-canvases nemidwebo. Wakhetha isihloko esiyinkimbinkimbi nesiyimpikiswano - inkolo.
Cishe ngaso leso sikhathi, umdwebi waba yingxenye yabadali bezingoma ngesitayela se-samba-canção. Lapho, wahlangana nomculi we-virtuoso nonekhono u-Ari Barroso.
Usebenze eduze nezwe lakubo uJorge Amado. Maphakathi nawo-40s ekhulwini elidlule, u-Dorival wahlanganyela ekwakhiweni kweculo lomkhankaso wokhetho wekhomanisi uLuis Carlos Prestes. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-premiere yomsebenzi womculo i-Modinha para a Gabriela no-Beijos pela Noite, i-Modinha para Teresa Batista, i-Retirantes.
Enye yezingoma ezaziwa kakhulu ze-repertoire kaDorival Kaimmi, ingoma ethi "March of the Fishermen", idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Umsebenzi wenziwa ifilimu American "Sand Pit Generals". Ngendlela, hhayi kuphela ucezu lomculo owethulwe, kodwa futhi umculi ngokwakhe wakhanyisa kulesi sithombe esinyakazayo. Kuze kube manje, i-"March of the Fishermen" isalokhu iyingxenye yangempela. Ingoma imbozwe ubumnandi ngabaculi abadumile.
I-discography yakhe ayinawo ama-LPs e-studio anobude obugcwele. Ukhiphe amarekhodi angaphezu kwe-15 apholile ngokungekho ngokoqobo. I-premiere ye-albhamu yokugcina yenzeke ku-"zero". Iqoqo lalibizwa ngeCaymmi: Amor e Mar. Qaphela ukuthi irekhodi lixutshwe kulebula ye-EMI.
I-Dorival Caymmi: imininingwane yempilo yomuntu siqu yomculi
U-Dorival, ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe wokudala, akazange akhulume ngobuhlobo nabameleli bobulili obuhlukile. Khona-ke, ukuphakamisa izihloko zothando kwakuyinto ye-mauvais ton.
Kodwa, ngokushesha izintatheli zakwazi ukuthola ukuthi ubhalise ubuhlobo nomculi othakazelisayo okuthiwa u-Adelaide Tostes (umculi waziwa kubalandeli bakhe ngaphansi kwegama lokuqamba elithi Stella Maris).
Kulo mshado kwazalwa izingane ezintathu. Bahlala ndawonye iminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-70. Izintatheli zathi uTostes unomlingisi wensimbi. Amahemuhemu athi ngokuphindaphindiwe wathatha umyeni wakhe ezindaweni zokucima ukoma, lapho ayechitha khona isikhathi ekanye namantombazane amancane.
Ukufa kukaDorival Caymmi
Izinyanga zokugcina zokuphila kwakhe zaba ukuhlukunyezwa kwangempela kumculi. Kwenzeka lokhu nje, wathola isifo esidumazayo - umdlavuza wezinso. Akazange akuthathele phezulu ukuxilongwa futhi wayeqiniseka ukuthi lesi sifo sizodamba. Kodwa, isimangaliso asenzekanga.
Agasti 16, 2008 wafa. Ungcwatshwe emathuneni kaSaint Johane uMbhapathizi eRio de Janeiro.
