"Kwawa iduku eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lisuka emahlombe ehlisiwe ..." - le ngoma yayaziwa futhi yathandwa yizo zonke izakhamuzi zezwe elikhulu lase-USSR. Lokhu kwakhiwa, okwenziwa umculi odumile uClaudia Shulzhenko, kungene phakade esikhwameni segolide sesiteji saseSoviet. UClaudia Ivanovna waba Umculi Wabantu. Futhi konke kwaqala ngokudlalwa komndeni namakhonsathi, emndenini lapho wonke umuntu wayeyiciko elincane.
Ebuntwaneni Claudia Shulzhenko
UClaudia wazalwa ngo-March 11 (24), 1906 emndenini we-accountant we-Main Directorate of Railway, u-Ivan Ivanovich Shulzhenko. Umndeni wawunomfowethu nodadewabo - uKolya noKlava. Unina wayematasa ekukhuleni kwabo, futhi uyise wagxilisa uthando lobuciko.
Naphezu komsebenzi oyisicefe futhi obonakala sengathi we-prosaic ohlotshaniswa nama-akhawunti nezinombolo, ubaba womndeni wayenomculo kakhulu. Udlale izinsimbi eziningi, ecula kamnandi, enekhono lokulingisa.
Ngalezo zinsuku, imidlalo yomkhaya yayidumile. Ngokuvamile, omakhelwane beza egcekeni elithokomele laseKharkov bezobuka umdlalo, lapho umndeni omkhulu wakwaShulzhenko ubambe iqhaza.
U-Ivan wadlala futhi wacula, futhi izingane zenza ama-skits amancane, lapho uKlava agqama khona ngokukhuthala kwakhe. “Mdwebi!” Abantu bahleka, futhi nangaleso sikhathi uClaudia wayephupha ngomsebenzi wobungcweti.
Ejimini, wafunda izincwadi ngentshiseko, wafunda ezakudala, futhi, ezama izithombe zamaqhawekazi, wazibona esesiteji. Ngenjabulo ngaya kuyo yonke imidlalo yaseKharkov Drama Theatre futhi ngazi zonke izindima ngekhanda. Futhi abazali bakhe bambona njengomculi, ephikelela ngokufunda e-conservatory.
UClaudia wathatha izifundo zezwi kuprofesa weConservatory uNikita Chemizov. Kodwa, njengoba uthisha avuma, kwakungekho lutho ukufundisa uKlava. Izwi lakhe lekristalu lalihle kakhulu futhi lizwakala lihle.
UClaudia Shulzhenko: Ukuqala komsebenzi
Ngo-1921, uClaudia Shulzhenko oneminyaka engu-15 wagcina esenzile isinqumo. Wathatha umngane wakhe ngesibindi futhi weza inhlolokhono eKharkov Drama Theatre.
Ngemva kokudlala umdwebo omncane futhi wahlabelela izingoma ezimbalwa ehambisana no-Isaac Dunayevsky (ngomuso - umqambi odumile), u-Klava wawina inhliziyo yomqondisi u-Nikolai Sinelnikov futhi wabhaliswa eqenjini lemidlalo yaseshashalazini. Yiqiniso, wayephathiswe ukudlala izindima ze-episodic kuphela. Kodwa wawadlala ngendlela ekholisayo. Futhi okungcono nakakhulu, waphumelela ezingxenyeni zengoma azicula ekwayeni nase-operetta.
“Kufanele ucule iculo sengathi udlala umdlalo womuntu oyedwa, lapho udlala khona zonke izindima uwedwa,” wamfundisa uSinelnikov. Futhi uClaudia wafaka ithalente lakhe njengomdlali we-actress kuwo wonke amaculo. Yile ndlela isitayela sokusebenza, esivela ku-Shulzhenko kuphela, savela - ingoma-ukusebenza, ingoma-monologue.
Lapho eneminyaka engu-17 ubudala, umlingisi osemusha wenza okokuqala ngqa emdlalweni othi "Ukubulawa" kwezothando "Izinkanyezi Esibhakabhakeni" futhi waheha izethameli ngobulula nobuqotho bokucula kwakhe.
Isivumo sokuqala sikaClaudia Shulzhenko
Ngo-1924, i-opera diva uLydia Lipkovskaya weza eKharkiv ngokuvakasha. UClaudia, waqunga isibindi, weza ehhotela lakhe nesicelo sokuhlolwa. Ngokumangalisayo, umculi we-opera walalela. Futhi, encoma idatha yomculi osemusha, wangeluleka ukuba ngishintshe kancane i-repertoire, ngengeze izingoma zomculo kuwo, okuzoveza ngokugcwele ithalenta likaShulzhenko.
Futhi ngemva kwesikhashana kwaba nomhlangano oyinhlekelele phakathi komculi nombhali wayo. Umqambi uPavel German, okwathi ngemva komunye wemidlalo, wahlangana noClaudia futhi wamema ukuba acule izingoma zakhe. Ngakho i-repertoire kaShulzhenko yagcwaliswa ngezingoma ezidumile kamuva: "Izitini", "Angizisoli", "Imayini No. 3" kanye "Note".
Umqambi uMeitus, ngokubambisana nomlingisi uBreitingam, wabhala izingoma eziningi zomculi: "I-Cigarette Girl and Sailor", "Red Poppy", "On the Sled", eyafakwa ku-repertoire kaShulzhenko, lapho anqoba khona iMoscow.
Umsebenzi womculi uClaudia Shulzhenko
Ukuqala komculi oneminyaka engu-22 esiteji se-Mariinsky Theatre, futhi ngemva konyaka - esiteji se-Moscow Music Hall, kwaba yimpumelelo. Izingoma zakhe zemukelwe ngesasasa emphakathini. Lapho kuculwa izingoma, kwasukuma ihholo, kwaduma ihlombe lapho kuzwakala amazwi okugcina. Khona-ke kwakukhona umsebenzi eHholo Lomculo laseLeningrad, wadlala ezenzweni, wahlabelela izingoma, umculo owawubhalwe nguDmitry Shostakovich odumile.
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1930, umculi wabamba iqhaza ku-orchestra ye-jazz ye-Skomorovsky, wabe esevinjelwa ukudlala. Isisusa sasilula - amazwi ezweni le-socialism ayengenangqondo, kwakudingeka ukucula mayelana nokuxhashazwa kwabasebenzi.
U-Shulzhenko wenza okulungile - akazange angene emthunzini, akazange avumele abalandeli bakhe bazikhohlwe. Uvele washintsha isitayela sakhe - ingoma yakhe manje isihlanganisa izingoma zomdabu. Kuzo ngayinye yalezi zingoma, u-Shulzhenko wayengumuntu wangempela, oqotho, ozwakalayo, uClaudia, abantu ababemthanda ngokungapheli. Imigqa ikleliswe ngemuva kwamarekhodi.
Eminyakeni emibili ngaphambi kwempi, u-Shulzhenko waba umnqobi womncintiswano wabaculi be-pop, isithombe sakhe sasihlobise izembozo zomagazini. Futhi amakhadi okuposa anobuso bakhe alenga emakamelweni abalandeli eduze kwezithombe zomndeni, ibhendi ye-jazz yadalelwa yena ngokukhethekile. Yabe isiqala impi.
UClaudia Shulzhenko phakathi neminyaka yempi
Impi yathola uClaudia ohambweni lwaseYerevan. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, yena nomyeni wakhe kanye ne-orchestra bajoyina ibutho laseSoviet, waya phambili ngamakhonsathi.
I-orchestra kaShulzhenko yomugqa wangaphambili yanikeza amakhulu amakhonsathi ngaphansi kwe-shelling. Ngesinye isikhathi, ekuqaleni kuka-1942, ngemva kwekhonsathi enjalo, umlobeli wezempi uMaksimov wabonisa uKlavdiya Ivanovna izinkondlo zakhe, umbhalo omusha we-waltz ye-Blue Handkerchief.
Amazwi athinta inhliziyo. Futhi uClaudia wacula le waltz ngendlela ethinta inhliziyo kangangokuthi ingoma yasabalala khona manjalo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Wakopishwa ezincwadini nasemaphepheni, wayeculwa ngezikhathi zokuphumula okungajwayelekile empini, wayezwakala njengehubo ngemuva. Mhlawumbe yayingasekho ingoma eyayidumile yangaleso sikhathi.
Kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwempi, i-orchestra yaqhubeka icula phambili nangemuva. Futhi ngokushesha ngemva kokunqoba, waqala umsebenzi solo post-war.
Ukunqoba
Ngemva kwempi, uKlavdia Shulzhenko wahlala engumculi oyintandokazi yezigidi iminyaka eminingi. Izingoma eziculwa nguye zenza abantu bamamatheka ngobuqotho, badabuke futhi bakhale. Izwi lakhe lisaphila, lizwakala ezikrinini ze-TV, emoyeni weziteshi zomsakazo. Ngo-1971, intandokazi yabantu yaba Umculi Wabantu we-USSR. Lo mculi ushone ngemuva kokugula isikhathi eside ehlobo lika-1984.
