UMario Del Monaco uyi-tenor enkulu kunazo zonke ebambe iqhaza elingenakuphikwa ekuthuthukiseni umculo we-opera. I-repertoire yakhe inothile futhi ihlukahlukene. Umculi wase-Italy wasebenzisa indlela eyehlisiwe yomphimbo ekuculeni.
Iminyaka yobuntwana nobusha yomculi
Usuku lokuzalwa lomculi nguJulayi 27, 1915. Wazalelwa endaweni emibalabala Florence (Italy). Umfana waba nenhlanhla ngokukhuliswa emndenini ohlakaniphile.
Ngakho-ke, inhloko yomndeni yayisebenza njengomhlaziyi womculo, futhi unina wayenezwi elimangalisayo le-soprano. Ezingxoxweni zakhe zakamuva, uMario uzobhekisela kumama wakhe njengokuphela kwemyuziyamu yakhe. Abazali kanye nomoya wokudala owawubusa ekhaya ngokuqinisekile kwaba nomthelela ekukhethweni komsebenzi wensizwa.
Esemncane, uMario wafunda ukudlala ivayolini. Ngenxa yokuzwa okuzwelayo, insimbi yomculo yanqotshwa umfana ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu. Kodwa ngokushesha, uMario waqaphela ukuthi ukucula kwakuseduze kakhulu naye. Ngenxa yemizamo kaMaestro Rafaelli, lo mfana waqala ukutadisha amazwi futhi ngokushesha wathatha izingxenye ezibalulekile.
Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, umkhaya wathuthela ePesaro. Edolobheni elisha, uMario wangena e-Gioacchino Rossini Conservatory. Wangena ngaphansi kobuholi buka-Arturo Melocchi. Wafunda futhi wazilolonga kakhulu. Umfundisi womphefumulo wayebathanda kakhulu abafundi bakhe. Wabelana naye ngamasu ayingqayizivele.
Olunye uthando olujulile lwentsha kaMario kwakuwubuciko obuhle. Wayematasa kakhulu ekudwebeni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi, ebazwa ngobumba. Umdwebi uthe ukudweba kuyamphazamisa futhi kuyamphumuza. Lo mculi ubedinga ukuphumula ikakhulukazi ngemva kohambo olude.
Maphakathi nawo-30 wekhulu elidlule, wakwazi ukuzuza umfundaze wezifundo ezikhethekile eTeatro dell'Opera. Wayenganelisekile ngezindlela zokufundisa kulesi sikhungo, ngakho wenqaba ngobuhlakani ukuthatha lesi sifundo.
Indlela yokudala kaMario Del Monaco
Ekupheleni kwe-30s yekhulu leminyaka elidlule, wenza i-debut yakhe esiteji saseshashalazini. Wabe esehlanganyela emdlalweni othi "Rural Honor". Impumelelo yangempela nokuqashelwa kufike kumdwebi ngemva konyaka. Uphathiswe indawo yokulingisa ku-Madam Butterfly.
Ukwanda kokudala kwaqondana nokuqala kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili. Okwesikhashana, umsebenzi womculi "wawuqandisiwe". Nokho, ngemva kwempi, umsebenzi we-tenor waqala ukukhuphuka kakhulu. Ngonyaka wama-46 wekhulu elidlule, wabonakala enkundleni yemidlalo yaseshashalazini i-Arena di Verona. UMario wayehileleke emdlalweni othi "Aida" emculweni we-D. Verdi. Wabhekana kahle nomsebenzi ayewumiselwe umqondisi.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, waqala ukubonakala esiteji seRoyal Opera House, etholakala eCovent Garden. Ngendlela, iphupho lakhe eliyigugu lagcwaliseka esiteji. UMario wayehileleke kuTosca kaPuccini kanye nePagliacci kaLeoncavallo.
Akwaziwa muntu, lo mculi we-opera usekhule waba omunye wabaculi abadumile kuleli. Ekupheleni 40s ekhulwini elidlule wadlala operas Carmen futhi Rural Honor. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva wagqama eLa Scala. Waphathiswa enye yezindima ezibalulekile ku-Andre Chenier.
Ekuqaleni kwawo-50s, umculi we-opera wahamba nohambo olukhulu eBuenos Aires. Wenza enye yezindima ezivelele kakhulu emsebenzini wakhe wokudala. UMario ubambe iqhaza ku-opera ethi "Otello" kaVerdi. Esikhathini esizayo, wahlanganyela ngokuphindaphindiwe emikhiqizweni kaShakespeare.
Lesi sikhathi simakwe ngomsebenzi eMetropolitan Opera (eNew York). AbaseMelika balazisa ithalente le-tenor. Ubecwebezela esiteji, amathikithi omdlalo ngokuhlanganyela kwakhe aphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Vakashela uMario Del Monaco waseSoviet Union
Ekupheleni kwawo-50, wafika kuqala e-USSR. Wavakashela inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia, lapho uCarmen adlalwa khona kwenye yemidlalo yeshashalazi. Umlingani kaMario wayengumculi odumile waseSoviet u-Irina Arkhipov. I-tenor yacula izingxenye ngolimi lwakubo lwesiNtaliyane, kuyilapho u-Irina ecula ngesiRashiya. Kwakuwumbono omangalisa ngempela. Bekujabulisa ukubuka ukusebenzisana kwabadlali.
Ukusebenza komculi we-opera kwaziswa umphakathi waseSoviet. Amahemuhemu athi izethameli ezibongayo azigcinanga ngokuvuza lo mculi ngesivunguvungu sehlombe, kodwa futhi zamgona ezingalweni zaya endlini yokugqoka. Ngemva komdlalo, uMario ubonge izethameli ngokwamukela ngemfudumalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wanelisekile ngomsebenzi womqondisi.
Ingozi ebandakanya umculi we-opera
Maphakathi nawo-60 ekhulwini elidlule, uMario wangena engozini enkulu yomgwaqo. Ingozi icishe yadla umpetha wokuphila. Kwaphela amahora ambalwa odokotela belwela ukuphila kwakhe. Ukwelashwa, iminyaka eminingi yokuhlunyeleliswa kanye nempilo engeyinhle ngokungagwegwesi - kuphazamise umsebenzi wokudala we-tenor. Kuphela ekuqaleni 70s wabuyela esiteji. Wabamba iqhaza emdlalweni othi "Tosca". Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lena bekuyindima yokugcina kaMario.
Wazama isandla sakhe ohlotsheni lwezingoma ezidumile. Maphakathi nawo-70s, kwethulwa i-LP enezingoma ze-Neapolitan. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, wabonakala efilimini ethi "Uthando Lokuqala".
Imininingwane yempilo yomuntu siqu yeciko
Ekuqaleni kwawo-40 ekhulwini elidlule washada nentombazane ebukekayo okuthiwa Rina Fedora Filippini. Kwavela ukuthi abathandi bahlangana ebuntwaneni. Babengabangane, kodwa kamuva izindlela zabo zaphambuka. Njengabantu abadala, bawela izindlela eRoma. UMario noRina bafunda esikhungweni semfundo esisodwa.
Ngendlela, abazali babemelene nendodakazi yabo ukushada nomculi we-opera owayesafuna. Babembheka njengephathi engafanele. Indodakazi ayizange ilalele umbono kamama nobaba. URina noMario baphila ukuphila komkhaya okude nokujabulisayo ngendlela emangalisayo. Kulo mshado, lo mbhangqwana waba nendodana, nayo eyaqaphela emkhakheni wokudala.
Mario Del Monaco: amaqiniso athakazelisayo
- Ukuze uzwe umlando womculi we-opera, sincoma ukubuka ifilimu ethi The Boring Life kaMario Del Monaco.
- Ochwepheshe bomculo babize uMario ngokuthi i-operatic tenor yokugcina.
- Maphakathi nawo-50s, wathola indondo yeGolden Arena.
- Enye incwadi kuma-60s yanyathelisa isihloko lapho kwashiwo ukuthi izwi lomculi lingaphula ingilazi yekristalu ebangeni lamamitha amaningana.
Ukufa kweciko
Lapho ethatha umhlalaphansi ukuze aphumule kahle futhi ephuma esiteji, waqala ukufundisa. Ngama-80s, impilo yomculi we-opera yawohloka kakhulu. Ngezindlela eziningi, isikhundla somculi saba sibi kakhulu ngenxa yengozi yemoto enolwazi. Wafa ngo-Okthoba 16, 1982.
Umdwebi ushonele emnyangweni we-nephrology womtholampilo i-Umberto I eMestre. Isizathu sokufa kwe-tenor enkulu kwakuyisifo senhliziyo. Isidumbu sakhe sangcwatshwa emathuneni asePesaro. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi wathunyelwa ohambweni lwakhe lokugcina egqokiswe njengo-Othello.
