UMark Fradkin ungumqambi nomculi. Ukubhalwa kwe-maestro kuyingxenye enkulu yemisebenzi yomculo yaphakathi nekhulu lama-XNUMX. UMarku waklonyeliswa ngesihloko esithi People's Artist of the USSR.
Ubuntwana nobusha
Usuku lokuzalwa lukaMaestro lungoMeyi 4, 1914. Wazalelwa endaweni Vitebsk. Esikhathini esithile ngemva kokuzalwa komfana, umndeni wathuthela eKursk. Abazali basebenza njengodokotela.
UMark washeshe waba yintandane futhi wafunda amaqiniso okuphila. Inhloko yomndeni yabulawa ngabamhlophe umfana engakahlanganisi neminyaka eyisi-6. Umama, owayengumJuda ngobuzwe, wadutshulwa ngesihluku amaJalimane phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yesibili.
Umfundisi ukhumbula ukuthi ukufunda esikoleni kwakunzima kuye. Isimo sashuba kakhulu ngokuthi wayehlale esuswa kwesinye isikhungo eyiswa kwesinye. Wafunda cishe kuzo zonke izikole e-Kursk. Ngaso sonke isikhathi kwakufanele azijwayelanise kabusha nendawo entsha, othisha kanye nabafundi afunda nabo.
Izinto ezithandwa yintsha azihlobene nokusungula izinto. Wayekwazi ukudlala upiyano, kodwa umculo ngaleso sikhathi awuzange umhehe. UFradkin wayebuthanda ubuchwepheshe. I-biography yobuntwana ye-maestro yesikhathi esizayo ayinawo umculo.
Indlela yokudala yomqambi uMark Fradkin
Ngemva kokuqeda isikole, uMarku wangena esikoleni sezobuchwepheshe sendawo. Ngemva kokuthola idiploma yakhe, wachitha iminyaka eminingana efektri yezingubo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, uFradkin wangena eBelarusian Drama Theatre. Eqinisweni, lesi yisiqalo sekhasi elisha ku-biography yakhe.
Ngemva kokuphothula idrama yaseshashalazini, waya enhloko-dolobha yaseMoscow. Ngesikhathi ngiseLeningrad, uFradkin wangena eCentral Theatre School. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, okokuqala, ubonisa ithalenta lakhe njengomqambi.
Ngemva kokuphothula ekolishi, waya emsebenzini Theatre of the Young Spectator eMinsk. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wafunda ekilasini lokuqamba le-Belarusian Conservatory. UMark wangena ngaphansi kokuqondisa kuka-N. I. Aladov onethalente.
Ekupheleni kwawo-30, wamenywa ukuba akhokhe isikweletu sakhe eMotherland. UMark wabelwa eVinnitsa. Wabe esehlanganisa iqembu labasafufusa. Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yesibili, wathatha indawo yomqhubi we-KVO Ensemble.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwenzeka ukujwayelana okuphawulekayo kukaMarku nembongi Yevgeny Dolmatovsky. Ngokushesha banikeze umphakathi iculo elihlanganyelwe. Sikhuluma ngomsebenzi womculo "Ingoma ye-Dnieper". Ingoma yaqala ukukhonjiswa ngo-1941. Qaphela ukuthi lo msebenzi walethela uMarku ukuthandwa kulo lonke elaseSoviet Union.
Imisebenzi yomculo eyalandela ethi "Random Waltz" nethi "The Road to Berlin", eyenziwa nguLeonid Utyosov, yaba yizingoma ezingapheli. Maphakathi nawo-40, uMarku waba yingxenye ye-Union of Composers ye-USSR. Waqala ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wakhe wokudala kakade enhloko-dolobha yaseRussia.
Phakathi neminyaka yokusungula, uFradkin wadala ukuhambisana nomculo kumafilimu angamashumi amahlanu. Imisebenzi yomqambi yafakwa ohlwini lwezimbongi eziningi ezivelele zangaleso sikhathi: URobert Rozhdestvensky, Lev Oshanin nabanye.Wayevame ukuhlela amakhonsathi lapho kwenziwa khona imisebenzi okwase kuyisikhathi eside ithandwa umphakathi.
Imininingwane yempilo yomuntu siqu ye-maestro
UMark ubelokhu eyisizinda sokunakwa. Wayeyintandokazi yangempela yezintokazi. Abamele ubulili obubuthakathaka abakwazanga ukumelana nemikhuba nesitayela se-chic sezingubo.
Umqambi, ukube wayengenangqondo, wayengasebenzisa isikhundla sakhe ngokungenamahloni. Kodwa, u-maestro wathi wayengumuntu oyedwa oyedwa. Ukuphila kwakhe konke waphila nowesifazane oyedwa kuphela - Fradkina Raisa Markovna. Wayaziwa emibuthanweni yomculo, futhi waba nesandla empumelelweni yomyeni wakhe.
Umbhangqwana wakhulisa indodakazi evamile. U-Eugenia (indodakazi ye-maestro) kamuva washada nomqambi wase-Austria. Umzukulu kaMark walandela ezinyathelweni zikamkhulu wakhe. Wazibona emkhakheni wokudala.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngoMark Fradkin
- Ekuqaleni kwawo-70s, ohlelweni oludumile lwe-Good Morning! ngokokuqala ngqa, enye yezingoma ezidume kakhulu ze-repertoire kaMark - "Ngizokuyisa ku-tundra" - kuzwakala.
- Ngokwezindinganiso zaseSoviet, wayeyindoda ecebile kakhulu. Imisebenzi yakhe yomculo yenziwa ezweni lonke ezitejini zamakhonsathi.
- Ekupheleni kwawo-70, waba umnqobi we-USSR State Prize.
- Phakathi neminyaka yama-70s, i-Premiere yencwadi ye-autobiographical ethi "Biography yami" yenzeka.
Ukufa komqambi uMark Fradkin
Impilo yakhe yashabalala ngokuzumayo. Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-90, indoda ethile yafika eMkhandlwini Wedolobha LaseMoscow ukuze ixazulule izinkinga ezithile zezindlu, lapho uMarku ephuma ehhovisi, wazizwa engaphathekile kahle. Wahlala esihlalweni washona. Inhliziyo yomqambi yamdumaza. Usuku lokufa kukaFradkin luyi-April 4, 1990.
Isidumbu sakhe sihlala emathuneni aseNovodevichy. Ithuna likaMark liseduzane nethuna lomkakhe. UFradkin wakha itshe lesikhumbuzo elivamile.
