Alikho iqembu le-rock elidumile emhlabeni njenge-Metallica. Leli qembu lomculo libutha izinkundla ngisho nasemakhoneni akude kakhulu omhlaba, njalo lidonsa ukunaka kwawo wonke umuntu.
Izinyathelo zokuqala ze-Metallica
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1980, indawo yomculo waseMelika yashintsha kakhulu. Esikhundleni se-hard rock yakudala ne-heavy metal, kwavela iziqondiso zomculo ezinesibindi. Ayehlukaniswa ngokuphikelela okunolaka kanye nezinga lomsindo.
Kwabe sekubonakala insimbi yesivinini, lapho kwakhanya khona izinkanyezi zaseBrithani ezivela eqenjini le-Motӧrhead. I-American underground "yamukela" idrayivu yabaseBrithani futhi "yayixhuma" nomsindo we-punk rock.
Ngenxa yalokho, kwaqala ukuvela uhlobo olusha lomculo osindayo - i- thrash metal. Omunye wabameleli abakhulu bohlobo, emi emsuka, i-Metallica.
Ibhendi yasungulwa nguJames Hetfield noLars Ulrich ngo-Okthoba 28, 1981. Abaculi, begcwele umdlandla, baqala ngokushesha ukuqamba umculo futhi bafuna abantu abanomqondo ofanayo. Njengengxenye yeqembu, abaculi abaningi abasebasha bakwazile ukudlala.
Ikakhulukazi, isikhathi esithile umculi oyinhloko kwakunguDave Mustaine, u-Hetfield no-Ulrich abaxosha eqenjini ngenxa yokuziphatha okungalungile. UKirk Hammett noCliff Burton basheshe bajoyina lolu hlu. Ikhono labo laba nethonya elinamandla kubasunguli beMetallica.
I-Los Angeles yaqhubeka nokuba yindawo yokuzalwa ye-glam rock. Futhi i-thrash metalists baphoqeleka ukuthi bahlale behlaselwa yizimbangi. Iqembu lanquma ukuzinza eSan Francisco, lapho lasayina khona inkontileka nelebula ezimele iMegaforce Records. I-albhamu yokuqala, Kill 'Em All, yaqoshwa lapho futhi yakhululwa entwasahlobo ka-1983.
Ukuthola udumo I-Metallica
Manje i-Kill 'Em All iyinhlangano yakudala ye-thrash eguqule ubuso balo lonke uhlobo. Naphezu kokuntuleka kwempumelelo kwezohwebo, ngemva konyaka abaculi bakwazi ukukhipha icwecwe labo lesibili elithi, Ride the Lightning.
Irekhodi laliguquguquka kakhulu. Iqukethe kokubili okushaywayo kombani, okujwayelekile kohlobo lwensimbi ye-thrash/speed, nama-ballads omculo. Ukuqanjwa kwe-Fade to Black sekungenye yezinto ezibonakalayo kakhulu emsebenzini weqembu.
Ukuqhela kwisitayela esiqondile kwazuzisa i-Metallica. Isakhiwo sokuhlanganisa saba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi zobuchwepheshe, okwahlukanisa ngokuphawulekayo ibhande kwamanye amabhendi ensimbi.
Isisekelo sabalandeli be-Metallica sasikhula ngokushesha, okwaheha isithakazelo samalebula amakhulu. Ngemva kokusayina inkontileka nelebula le-Elektra Records, abaculi baqala ukwakha i-albhamu eyaba yingqophamlando yomsebenzi wabo.
I-albhamu ethi Master of Puppets iyimpumelelo yangempela emkhakheni womculo wama-1980s. I-albhamu yamukelwe ngemfudumalo ngabagxeki, ithatha indawo yama-29 ku-Billboard 2000.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwempumelelo yeqembu kwabuye kwaqhutshwa ukusebenza no-Ozzy Osbourne odumile, owayeseqophelweni eliphezulu lodumo lwakhe. Iqembu elincane lahamba nohambo olukhulu lwamazwe ngamazwe, obekufanele lube yingqophamlando ekuthuthukisweni kweqembu le-Metallica. Kodwa impumelelo eyafika kubaculi yagubuzelwa inhlekelele embi eyenzeka ngoSepthemba 27, 1986.
Ukufa kukaCliff Burton
Ohambweni lwaseYurophu, kwenzeka ingozi lapho umdlali we-bass uCliff Burton ashona kabuhlungu. Kwenzeka phambi kwabo bonke abanye abaculi. Kwabathatha isikhathi eside ukuthi balulame kulokhu kushaqeka.
Njengoba bengalahlekelwanga kuphela uzakwabo, kodwa futhi nomngane omkhulu, abathathu abasele bahlala emicabangweni edabukisayo ngesiphetho seqembu elizayo. Naphezu kwenhlekelele embi, uHatfield, uHammett no-Ulrich balawula lesi simo, baqala ukufuna indawo efanelekayo. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, indawo kamufi uCliff Burton yathathwa ngumdlali we-bass onethalente uJason Newsted. Wayenolwazi oluningi ekhonsathini.
Ubulungisa Kubo Bonke
U-Jason Newsted wajoyina iqembu ngokushesha, edlala ukuvakasha kwamazwe ngamazwe okumisiwe ne-Metallica kuze kube sekugcineni. Isikhathi sokurekhoda irekhodi elisha.
Ngo-1988, i-albhamu yokuqala yeqembu eyimpumelelo, ethi …And Justice for All, yakhululwa. Uthole isimo seplatinamu emasontweni ayi-9. I-albhamu iphinde yaba ngeyokuqala yeqembu ukuthi ishaye kwabayi-10 abahamba phambili (ngokweBillboard 200).
I-albhamu isagcwele amathafa phakathi kwe-thrash metal aggression kanye nemiculo ye-heavy metal yakudala. Ithimba likhiqize kokubili izingoma ezisheshayo neziqanjwe ngamaleveli amaningi ebezingekho ngaphansi kohlobo oluthile.
Naphezu kwempumelelo yabo, ibhendi yabe isithatha isinqumo sokuyiyeka ifomula eyayiqinise isimo salo njengelinye lamabhande ensimbi aphumelela kakhulu engxenyeni yesibili yawo-1980.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Metallica ngezinhlobo
Kusukela i-albhamu ebizwa ngokuthi "emnyama", eyakhululwa ngo-1990, isitayela se-Metallica sesiyathengiswa kakhulu. Ibhendi yashiya imiqondo ye-thrash metal, isebenza nakanjani ibheke ku-heavy metal.
Ngokombono wokuthandwa okukhulu kanye nabezindaba, lokhu kuya kubaculi ngokuvuna. I-albhamu esihloko sithi ibe yi-albhamu edayise kakhulu emlandweni, iwine isikhundla se-platinum izikhathi ezingu-16 zilandelana. Futhi, irekhodi lithathe indawo ye-1st kumashadi, lingashiyi uhlu lwamaviki angu-282.
Iqembu labe seliwushiya nalo lolu hlangothi. Bekukhona ama-albhamu "ahlulekile" Layisha futhi Ulayishe Kabusha. Ohlakeni lwabo, i-Metallica yasebenza iqondise i-grunge nenye insimbi, eyayisemfashinini ngawo-1990.
Iminyaka eminingana, leli qembu labhekana nezinkinga ngokulandelana. Okokuqala, iqembu lishiye uJason Newsted. UJames Hattfield wabe eseya ekwelashweni okuyimpoqo ngenxa yokuluthwa utshwala.
Inkinga yokudala ethathe isikhathi eside
Umsebenzi wokudala we-Metallica waba yinto engenakwenzeka nakakhulu. Futhi kuphela ngo-2003 i-albhamu entsha yeqembu elidumile lakhululwa. Sibonga iSt. Iqembu le-Anger lithole indondo yeGrammy kanye nokugxekwa okuningi.
Umsindo "oluhlaza", ukuntuleka kweziginci ezicula yedwa, namazwi ekhwalithi ephansi avela e-Hetfield aphikisana nesimo esasizuzwe yi-Metallica eminyakeni engu-20 edlule.
Buyela ezimpandeni
Lokhu akuzange kuvimbe leli qembu ekuqoqeni amahholo amakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Iminyaka eminingi, ibhendi ye-Metallica yahamba emhlabeni wonke, ihola imali ngokudlalwa kwekhonsathi. Kuphela ngo-2008 abaculi bakhulula i-albhamu yabo elandelayo ye-studio ethi Death Magnetic.
Ukuze "abalandeli" bajabule, abaculi badale i-albhamu ye-thrash yensimbi ehamba phambili yekhulu lama-XNUMX. Naphezu kohlobo, kwakuyi-ballads ebuye yaba yimpumelelo kakhulu kuwo futhi. Izingoma ezithi Usuku Olungasoze Lwafika kanye nethi The Unforgiven III zingene ohlwini lwesethi yeqembu, zaba amahithi ayinhloko esikhathi sethu.
Metallica manje
Ngo-2016, i-albhamu yeshumi ethi Hardwired… to Self-Destruct yakhululwa, ngesitayela esifanayo ne-albhamu ethi Death Magnetic eyaqoshwa eminyakeni eyi-8 edlule.
Naphezu kweminyaka yabo, abaculi baseMetallica bayaqhubeka nokusebenza ngenkuthalo, benikeza umbukiso owodwa emva komunye. Kodwa akwaziwa ukuthi abaculi bazobajabulisa nini “abalandeli” ngokuqoshwa okusha.
