UNina Simone ungumculi odumile, umqambi, umhleli kanye nomshayi wopiyano. Wanamathela kuma-classics e-jazz, kodwa wakwazi ukusebenzisa izinto ezihlukahlukene ezenziwe. UNina uxube ngekhono i-jazz, i-soul, umculo we-pop, ivangeli nama-blues ezingoma, eqopha izingoma nge-orchestra enkulu.
Abalandeli bakhumbula uSimone njengomculi onethalente onomlingisi oqine ngendlela emangalisayo. Engagxilile, ekhanyayo futhi engavamile, uNina wajabulisa abalandeli be-jazz ngezwi lakhe kwaze kwaba ngu-2003. Ukushona komculi akukuphazamisi izingoma zakhe futhi namuhla kuzwakala ezindaweni ezahlukene naseziteshini zomsakazo.
Ubuntwana nobusha u-Eunice Kathleen Waymon
Esifundazweni saseNorth Carolina edolobheni elincane lesifundazwe saseTryon, ngoFebruwari 21, 1933, u-Eunice Kathleen Waymon (igama langempela lenkanyezi ezayo) wazalwa. Intombazane yazalelwa emndenini wompristi ojwayelekile. U-Eunice wakhumbula ukuthi yena nabazali bakhe nodadewabo babephila ngaphansi kwezimo eziphansi.
Okuwukuphela kokunethezeka endlini kwakuwupiyano oludala. Kusukela eneminyaka engu-3, u-Eunice omncane wabonisa isithakazelo ensimbini yomculo futhi ngokushesha wakwazi ukudlala upiyano.
Intombazane yacula nodadewabo esikoleni sesonto. Kamuva wathatha izifundo zepiyano. U-Eunice wayefisa ukwakha umsebenzi womdlali wopiyano. Wayechitha izinsuku nobusuku eziprakthiza. Lapho eneminyaka engu-10 ubudala, umdlalo wokuqala kaNina wobungcweti wenziwa emtatsheni wezincwadi wedolobha. Ishumi nambili lababukeli abanakekelayo abavela edolobheni laseTryon beza bezobuka umdlalo wentombazane enekhono.
Abangane abaseduze bomndeni baba nesandla eqinisweni lokuthi intombazane yathola imfundo yomculo. U-Eunice waba umfundi kwesinye sezikole zomculo ezihlonishwayo, iJuilliard School of Music. Wahlanganisa izifundo zakhe nomsebenzi. Kwadingeka asebenze njengomphelezeli, ngoba abazali bakhe babengakwazi ukumnika ukuphila okuvamile.
Ukwazile ukuthweswa iziqu nge-honours eJuilliard School of Music. Eqala umsebenzi wakhe wokuba ngumdlali wopiyano ezindaweni zase-Atlantic City ngo-1953, wanquma ukusebenzisa igama elingelona iqiniso ukuhlonipha umlingisikazi wakhe amthandayo uSimone Signoret.
UNina Simon wethule iqoqo likaDuke Ellington kubathandi bomculo ekuqaleni kwawo-1960. I-albhamu iqukethe ama-ballads avela kumculo we-Broadway. Isihlabani esisafufusa asizibekanga njengomculi kuphela, kodwa futhi njengomhleli, umlingisi nomdansi.
Indlela yokudala kaNina Simon
UNina Simon kusukela ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe wokudala wayekhiqiza kakhulu. Kunzima ukukukholwa, kodwa ngesikhathi somsebenzi wakhe wokudala ukhiphe ama-albhamu angu-170, okuhlanganisa nesitudiyo nokuqoshwa bukhoma, lapho enza khona izingoma zomculo ezingaphezu kuka-320.
Ingoma yokuqala, ngenxa yokuthi uNina wathola ukuthandwa, kwakuyi-aria evela ku-opera kaGeorge Gershwin. Imayelana nengoma ethi I Loves You, Porgy!. USimon wahlanganisa ukuqanjwa, futhi ingoma eyadlalwa nguye yayizwakala "ngemithunzi" ehluke ngokuphelele.
I-discography yomculi yagcwaliswa nge-albhamu yakhe yokuqala ethi, Little Girl Blue (1957). Iqoqo beliqukethe izingoma ze-jazz ezithinta inhliziyo nezithinta inhliziyo, adlala ngazo kamuva.
Ngawo-1960, umculi waqala ukusebenzisana ne-Colpix Records. Kwabe sekuphuma izingoma ezazisondelene kakhulu emoyeni noNina Simon. Maphakathi nawo-1960, elinye lamarekhodi adume kakhulu e-discography yomculi lakhululwa. Kunjalo, sikhuluma nge-albhamu yobuciko obuhle ethi I Put a Spellon You. Leli cwecwe beliqukethe ingoma enegama elifanayo, eyaduma, kanye nethi Feeling Good.
Inguqulo ye-African-American spiritual composition Sinnerman idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. UNina ufake ingoma ethulwayo kudiski ye-Pastel Blues. Lowo owayengumongameli waseMelika waphawula ukuthi ukuqanjwa kufakwe ohlwini lwezingoma eziyi-10 ezithandwayo.
Indalo yasekuqaleni neyokuqala isazwakala ezinhlelweni ze-TV namamuvi (“Thomas Crown Affair”, “Miami PD: Vice Department”, “Cellular”, “Lucifer”, “Sherlock”, njll.). Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ithrekhi ithatha imizuzu eyi-10. Ngemva kokwethulwa kwe-disc ethi Wild is the Wind (1966), ehlanganisa izingoma zohlobo lwe-pop-soul, uNina wanikwa isidlaliso esithi "abapristi bomphefumulo".
Ubuzwe uNina Simone
Umsebenzi kaNina Simon umngcele ezikhundleni zomphakathi nezomphakathi. Ezingoma, umculi wayevame ukuthinta enye yezihloko ezibucayi kakhulu, kuhlanganise nomphakathi wesimanje - ukulingana kwabantu abamnyama.
Amagama wengoma aqukethe izinkomba ezindabeni zomphakathi nezepolitiki. Ngakho-ke, ingoma ethi Mississippi Goddam yaba ukwakheka kwezepolitiki okusobala. Leli culo labhalwa ngemuva kokubulawa kwesishoshovu uMedgar Evers, kanye nangemuva kokuqhuma kwesikhungo semfundo kwashona inqwaba yezingane zabamnyama. Umbhalo wokuqanjwa ubiza ukuthatha indlela yempi yokulwa nokucwasa.
UNina wayejwayelene noMartin Luther King. Ngemva kokuhlangana, umculi wanikwa elinye isidlaliso - "Martin Luther in isiketi." USimon wayengesabi ukuveza umbono wakhe emphakathini. Ezingomeni zakhe, uthinte izihloko ezazikhathaza izigidi zabantu.
Ukuthutha uNina Simone eFrance
Ngokushesha, uNina wamemezela kubalandeli ukuthi ngeke esakwazi ukuhlala e-United States. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, waya eBarbados, lapho athuthela khona eFrance, lapho ahlala khona kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe. Kusukela ngo-1970 kuya ku-1978 I-discography yalo mculi isigcwaliswe ngama-albhamu ayisikhombisa ngaphezulu.
Ngo-1993, uSimone wethula iqoqo lokugcina le-discography yakhe, Owesifazane Oyedwa. UNina umemezele ukuthi akasenazo izinhlelo zokuqopha amanye ama-albhamu. Nakuba umculi engazange ayeke umsebenzi wekhonsathi kuze kube sekupheleni kwawo-1990.
Njengoba sekuyimisebenzi yobuciko eyaziwayo, izingoma zikaNina Simone zihlala zibalulekile kumlaleli wanamuhla. Ngokuvamile, izinguqulo zokuqala zekhava zazirekhodelwa izingoma zomculi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu kaNina Simone
Ngo-1958, uNina Simone washada okokuqala. Le ntombazane yayinothando olucacile ne-bartender uDon Ross, eyathatha unyaka ongu-1. USimoni wayengathandi ukucabanga ngomyeni wakhe wokuqala. Ukhulume ngokuthi angathanda ukukhohlwa lesi sigaba sempilo yakhe.
Umlingani wesibili wenkanyezi kwakungu-Harlem umphenyi u-Andrew Stroud. Laba bashadikazi babopha ifindo likasofa silahlane ngo-1961. UNina uye washo ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi u-Andrew wadlala indima ebalulekile hhayi kuphela empilweni yakhe siqu, kodwa futhi ekubeni umculi.
U-Andrew wayeyindoda ecabangayo kakhulu. Ngemva komshado, wayeka umsebenzi wakhe njengomseshi futhi waba umphathi kaSimone. Wayewulawula ngokuphelele umsebenzi womkakhe.
Encwadini yakhe ye-autobiographical ethi "I Curse You," uNina wathi umyeni wakhe wesibili wayengu-despot. Ubefuna ukuthi abuye ngokugcwele esiteji. U-Andrew washaya owesifazane. Waphathwa kabi ngokokuziphatha.
UNina Simone akaqiniseki ngokuphelele ukuthi amaqhinga ka-Andrew ayelungile. Nokho, lona wesifazane akaphiki ukuthi ngaphandle kokusekelwa umngane wakhe womshado wesibili, ubengeke afinyelele eziqongweni azinqobile.
Ukuzalwa kwendodakazi
Ngo-1962, lo mbhangqwana waba nendodakazi, uLiz. By the way, esekhulile, lona wesifazane wanquma ukulandela ezinyathelweni zikanina odumile. Wenza ku-Broadway, nokho, maye, wehlulekile ukuphinda ukuthandwa kukanina.
Ukusuka eBarbados ngo-1970 akuhambisani kuphela nokungafuni ukuhlala e-United States, kodwa futhi nezinqubo zesehlukaniso phakathi kukaSimon noStroud. Isikhathi esithile, uNina waze wazama nokwenza ibhizinisi eyedwa. Kodwa ngabona ngokushesha ukuthi lolu kwakungelona uhlangothi lwakhe oluhle kakhulu. Wayengakwazi ukubhekana nezindaba zokuphatha nemali. U-Andrew waba umyeni wokugcina osemthethweni womculi.
Abalandeli abafuna ukuqonda kangcono umlando we-jazz diva bangabuka i-movie ethi What's Up, Miss Simone? (2015). Kule filimu, umqondisi wabonisa ngokungananazi ngakolunye uhlangothi lukaNina Simone odumile, obelokhu efihliwe kubalandeli nasemphakathini.
Le filimu iqukethe izingxoxo nezihlobo nabangane abaseduze bakaSimone. Ngemva kokubuka i-movie, kusekhona ukuqonda ukuthi uNina wayengekho ocacile njengoba owesifazane azama ukukhombisa.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngoNina Simon
- Isenzakalo esiphawuleka kakhulu nesingemnandi kakhulu sobuntwana bakhe kwaba yisikhathi lapho ecula esontweni. Umdlalo kaNina ubuhanjelwe ngabazali abeseka indodakazi yakhe. Bathathe indawo yokuqala ehholo. Kamuva, abahleli beza kumama nobaba babacela ukuba bavule indawo yezibukeli ezinesikhumba esimhlophe.
- Kukhona isithombe sikaNina Simone ehholo lodumo leGrammy, esiziqhenya ngendawo.
- Umculi uKelly Evans wabhala i-disc ethi "Nina" ngo-2010. Iqoqo liqukethe izingoma ezingashadile ezidume kakhulu "ze-priestess of soul".
- USimoni wayesenkingeni ngomthetho. Wake wadubula ibhungu elalidlalela phezulu eduze komuzi walo mculi. Okwesibili waba sengozini wabaleka endaweni yesigameko, wahlawuliswa u-$8.
- "I-Jazz iyitemu elimhlophe labantu abamnyama" icaphuna elidume kakhulu elithi "priestess of soul".
Ukufa kukaNina Simone
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, impilo yalo mculi yayiwohloka. Ngo-1994, uSimone waba nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa. UNina wayecindezeleke kakhulu ngenxa yesimo sakhe kangangokuthi waze wayihoxisa imidlalo yakhe. Lo mculi ubengasakwazi ukusebenza kanzima esiteji.
Ngo-2001, uSimone wadlala ehholo lekhonsathi laseCarnegie Hall. Akakwazanga ukuya esiteji ngaphandle kosizo lwangaphandle. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule yokuphila kwakhe, uNina akazange avele esiteji. Washona ngo-Ephreli 21, 2003 eFrance, eduze kwaseMarseille.
