Iqembu elingaphansi kwegama elikhulu elithi REM laphawula isikhathi lapho i-post-punk iqala ukuphenduka idwala elihlukile, ithrekhi yabo iRadio Free Europe (1981) yaqala ukunyakaza okungapheli kwe-American underground.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kwakukhona amabhendi amaningana aqinile nawe-punk e-United States ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1980, kwakuyiqembu i-R.E.M. elanikeza umoya wesibili ohlotsheni oluncane lwe-indie pop.
Ukuhlanganisa ama-guitar riffs nokucula okungaqondakali, ibhendi yayizwakala njengesimanje, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo inemvelaphi yendabuko.
Abaculi abazange benze lutho olusha olukhanyayo, kodwa babe ngabanye futhi benenjongo. Leso kwakuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo yabo.
Ngawo-1980, iqembu lasebenza ngokuzikhandla, likhipha amarekhodi amasha njalo ngonyaka futhi livakasha njalo. Iqembu alizange lidlale kuphela ezitejini ezinkulu, kodwa nasezinkundleni zemidlalo yaseshashalazini, kanye nasemadolobheni anabantu abambalwa.
Obaba be-Alternative Pop
Ngokuhambisanayo, abaculi bagqugquzele abanye ozakwabo. Kusukela kumabhendi e-jangle pop amaphakathi nawo-1980 kuya kwamanye amabhendi e-pop yawo-1990.
Kuthathe iminyaka eminingana leli qembu ukufika esicongweni samashadi. Bathole isimo sabo sehlelo ngokukhululwa kwe-EP Chronic Town yabo yokuqala ngo-1982. I-albhamu isekelwe emsindweni womculo wesintu kanye ne-rock. Le nhlanganisela yaba umsindo weqembu "wesignesha", futhi eminyakeni emihlanu eyalandela abaculi basebenza ngokunembile nalezi zinhlobo zomculo, bandisa i-repertoire yabo ngemisebenzi emisha.
Ngendlela, cishe wonke umsebenzi weqembu waziswa kakhulu ngabagxeki. Ekupheleni kwawo-1980, inani labalandeli lase livele libalulekile, eliqinisekisa ukuthengiswa okuhle kweqembu. Ngisho nomsindo oshintshwe kancane awuzange ulimise iqembu, futhi ngo-1987 "waphula" amashadi e-Top Ten nge-albhamu ethi Document kanye neyodwa ethi The One I Love.
I-REM kancane kancane kodwa ibe ngelinye lamaqembu afunwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kohambo lwamazwe ngamazwe oluphelele lokweseka uGreen (1988), ibhendi yamisa ukudlala kwayo iminyaka engu-6. Abaculi babuyela endaweni yokuqopha. Kwadalwa ama-albhamu aziwa kakhulu i-Out of Time (1991) kanye ne-Automatic for the People (1992).
Ibhendi yaqala kabusha ukuvakasha ngohambo lweMonster ngo-1995. Abagxeki nabanye abaculi baye baqaphela leli qembu njengomunye wabasunguli beqembu elichumayo le-rock.
Abaculi abasebasha
Naphezu kokuthi umlando wokudalwa kweqembu waqala e-Athene (Georgia) ngo-1980, uMike Mills noBill Berry babewukuphela kwabaseningizimu eqenjini. Bobabili bafunda esikoleni samabanga aphezulu eMacon, bedlala emabhendini amaningana besebasha.
UMichael Stipe (owazalwa ngoJanuwari 4, 1960) wayeyindodana yezempi, ehamba izwe lonke kusukela ebuntwaneni. Wathola i-punk rock esemncane ngo-Patti Smith, amaqembu e-Television ne-Wire, futhi waqala ukudlala kumaqembu ekhava e-St.
Ngo-1978, waqala ukufundela ubuciko eNyuvesi yaseGeorgia e-Athens, lapho aqala khona ukuya esitolo sokuqopha iWuxtry.
UPeter Buck (owazalwa ngoDisemba 6, 1956), ongowokuzalwa eCalifornia, wayengumabhalane esitolo esifanayo saseWuxtry. U-Buck wayengumqoqi wamarekhodi oshiseka ngokweqile, eshwabadela yonke into kusukela ku-rock yakudala kuya ku-punk kuya ku-jazz. Wayeqala ukufunda ukudlala isiginci.
Ngemva kokuthola ukuthi babethanda izinto ezifanayo, u-Buck no-Stipe baqala ukusebenza ndawonye, ekugcineni bahlangana noBerry noMills ngomngane wabo bobabili. Ngo-April 1980, iqembu lahlangana ukuze lenzele umngane walo iphathi. Bazilolongela esontweni lama-Episcopal elakhiwe kabusha. Ngaleso sikhathi, abaculi ku-repertoire yabo babenezingoma ezimbalwa ze-psychedelic egalaji kanye nezingoma zekhava zezingoma ezidumile ze-punk. Ngaleso sikhathi, ibhendi yayidlala ngaphansi kwegama elithi Twisted Kites.
Ehlobo, abaculi bakhetha igama elithi REM lapho bebona leli gama ngephutha kusichazamazwi. Baphinde bahlangana noJefferson Holt, umphathi wabo. UHolt wabona ibhendi yenza eNorth Carolina.
Ukuqoshwa kokuqala kuyimpumelelo emangalisayo
Ngonyaka olandelayo nengxenye, i-REM yazungeza yonke indawo eseningizimu ye-United States. Kwadlalwa amakhava e-rock egalaji nezingoma zomdabu. Ehlobo lika-1981, abafana baqopha ingoma yabo yokuqala yeRadio Free Europe e-Drive Mit Easter Studios. Eyodwa, eqoshwe kulebula yendawo ye-indie ethi Hib-Tone, ikhishwe ngamakhophi angu-1 nje kuphela. Iningi lalawa marekhodi agcine esezandleni ezifanele.
Abantu babelane ngokulithakasela kwabo leli qembu elisha. Ngokushesha le single yaba yingoma eshisa izikhotha. Ikleliswe phezulu ohlwini Lwabangashadile Abazimele Abangcono Kakhulu ("Abangashadile Abazimele Abangcono Kakhulu").
Ingoma iphinde yadonsa ukunaka kwamalebula amakhulu azimele, kwathi ekuqaleni kuka-1982 ibhendi yasayina inkontileka nelebula ye-IRS. Entwasahlobo, ilebula yakhipha i-EP Chronic Town.
Njengeyokuqala eyodwa, iChronic Town yamukelwa kahle, yavula indlela ye-albhamu kaMurmur yobude obugcwele (1983).
I-Murmur yayihluke ngokusobala kune-Chronic Town ngenxa yesimo sayo esipholile, esingabonakali, ngakho ukukhululwa kwayo entwasahlobo kwahlangatshezwana nokubuyekezwa kwe-rave.
Umagazini i-Rolling Stone wayiqamba ngokuthi i-albhamu engcono kakhulu yango-1983. Iqembu "ligxume" uMichael Jackson ngengoma ethi Thriller nethi The Police ngengoma ethi Synchronicity. I-Murmur iphinde yangena eshadini lase-US Top 40.
I-REM mania
Ibhendi yabuyela emsindweni onzima kakhulu ngo-1984 nge-Reckoning, eyayinengoma ethi So. Imvula Emaphakathi (Ngiyaxolisa). Kamuva, abaculi bahamba nohambo lokukhangisa i-albhamu ethi Reckoning.
Izici zabo zesiginesha, njengokuthi: ukungathandi iziqeshana zevidiyo, amazwi avungamayo ka-Stipe, umdlalo oyingqayizivele ka-Buck, ubenze izinganekwane zabangaphansi komhlaba baseMelika.
Amaqembu alingisa iqoqo le-REM asakazeka kulo lonke izwekazi laseMelika. Ithimba ngokwalo linikeze uxhaso kulawa maqembu, liwamema ohlelweni futhi liwasho nasezingxoxweni.
I-albhamu yesithathu yeqembu
Umsindo we-REM ubunganyelwe impumelelo emculweni ongaphansi. Ibhendi yanquma ukuqinisa ukuthandwa kwayo nge-albhamu yesithathu, ethi, Fables of the Reconstruction (1985).
I-albhamu, eqoshwe eLondon nomdidiyeli u-Joe Boyd, yadalwa ngesikhathi esinzima emlandweni we-REM. Ibhendi yayigcwele ukushuba nokukhathala okubangelwa ukuvakasha okungapheli. I-albhamu ibonise isimo esimnyama seqembu.
Ukuziphatha kuka-Stipe esiteji bekulokhu kuxakile. Wangena esigabeni sakhe esiyinqaba kakhulu. Wakhuluphala, wadaya izinwele zakhe zaba mhlophe qwa futhi wagqoka izingubo ezingenakubalwa. Kodwa akukho simo esimnyama sezingoma, noma okungaqondakali kwe-Stipe okuvimbele i-albhamu ukuthi ibe yi-hit. Cishe amakhophi ayizinkulungwane ezingama-300 adayiswa e-USA.
Kamuva, iqembu lanquma ukuqala ukusebenzisana no-Don Gehman. Baqopha i-albhamu ethi Lifes Rich Pageant. Lo msebenzi, njengawo wonke owedlule, wahlangatshezwa nezibuyekezo ezincomekayo, esezijwayele iqembu le-REM.
Idokhumenti Ye-albhamu
I-albhamu yesihlanu yaleli qembu, ethi Document, yaduma ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhishwa kwayo ngo-1987. Umsebenzi ungene kwabayishumi abahamba phambili e-US futhi wazuza isikhundla "seplatinum" ngenxa yengoma eyodwa ethi The One I Love. Ngaphezu kwalokho, irekhodi lalingadumile kangako eBrithani, futhi namuhla lisohlwini lwama-Top 10.
I-albhamu ethi Green iqhubekisele phambili impumelelo eyandulelayo, ihamba ngeplatinamu kabili. Ibhendi yaqala ukuvakasha isekela i-albhamu. Kodwa-ke, le midlalo yabonakala ikhathaza abaculi, ngakho abafana bathatha isabatha.
Ngo-1990, abaculi baphinde bahlangana ukuze baqophe i-albhamu yabo yesikhombisa, i-Out of Time, eyakhishwa entwasahlobo ka-1991.
Ekwindla ka-1992, kwakhululwa i-albhamu entsha yokuzindla ethi Automatic for the People. Yize iqembu lathembisa ukuqopha i-albhamu ye-rock, irekhodi lalihamba kancane futhi lithule. Izingoma eziningi bezibandakanya izinhlelo zezintambo zomculi webhesi u-Led Zeppelin uPaul Jones.
Buyela edwaleni
Njengokwethenjisiwe, abaculi babuyela emculweni we-rock ne-albhamu ethi Monster (1994). Irekhodi lalidume kakhulu, lidlula wonke amashadi angenzeka e-US naseBrithani.
Ibhendi yaphinde yavakasha, kodwa uBill Berry waphathwa yi-aneurysm yobuchopho ezinyangeni ezimbili kamuva. Ukuvakasha kwamiswa, uBerry wahlinzwa, futhi phakathi nenyanga wayesemi ngezinyawo.
Nokho, i-aneurysm kaBerry yayimane nje iyisiqalo sezinkinga. UMills kwadingeka ahlinzwe esiswini. Wakhishwa isimila emathunjini ngoJulayi walowo nyaka. Ngemva kwenyanga, uStipe wahlinzwa okuphuthumayo ngenxa ye-hernia.
Naphezu kwazo zonke izinkinga, lolu hambo lwaba yimpumelelo enkulu ngokwezimali. Iqembu liqophe ingxenye enkulu ye-albhamu entsha.
I-albhamu ethi New Adventures in Hi-Fi yakhululwa ngoSepthemba 1996. Ngaphambi nje kokuthi kumenyezelwe ukuthi leli qembu selisayine noWarner Bros. ngerekhodi lamaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-80.
Ngokucabangela inani elikhulu kangaka, "ukwehluleka" kwezohwebo kwe-New Adventures ku-Hi-Fi kwakuhlekisa.
Ukuhamba kukaBerry futhi waqhubeka nomsebenzi
Ngo-Okthoba 1997, abaculi bashaqisa "abalandeli" nabezindaba - bamemezela ukuthi uBerry uyalishiya iqembu. Ngokusho kwakhe, ubefuna ukuthatha umhlalaphansi ayohlala epulazini lakhe.
I-albhamu ethi Veza (2001) imake ukubuya emsindweni wabo wakudala. Ngo-2005, ukuvakasha komhlaba kweqembu kwenzeka. I-REM yafakwa ku-Rock and Roll Hall of Fame ngo-2007. Ngokushesha waqala umsebenzi ku-albhamu yakhe elandelayo, Accelerate, eyakhululwa ngo-2008.
Ibhendi isayine nelebula ye-Concord Bicycle ukusabalalisa amarekhodi abo ngo-2015. Imiphumela yokuqala yalokhu kubambisana yavela ngo-2016, lapho uhlelo lweminyaka engu-25 lwe-Out of Time lukhishwa ngoNovemba.
