I-Byrds iyiqembu laseMelika elasungulwa ngo-1964. Ukwakhiwa kweqembu kwashintsha izikhathi eziningana. Kodwa namuhla ibhendi ihlotshaniswa nezithandwa zikaRoger McGinn, uDavid Crosby noGene Clark.
Ibhendi yaziwa ngezinguqulo zekhava zika-Bob Dylan kaMnu. I-Tambourine Man kanye Namakhasi Ami Angemuva, Pete Seeger Turn! Phenduka! Phenduka! Kodwa iqoqo lomculo leqembu alinawo amahithi alo. Abaluleke ngani amathrekhi: Ngizozizwa Ngingcono Kakhulu, Amamayela ayisishiyagalombili aphezulu. Futhi: Ngakho Ufuna Ukuba I-Rock 'n' Roll Star.
Leli elinye lamaqembu anethonya elikhulu maphakathi nawo-1960. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ekuqaleni abaculi benza izingoma ngesitayela se-folk-rock. Kamuva bashintsha isiqondiso sabo bebheke ku-space rock kanye ne-psychedelic rock. I-Sweetheart yeqoqo le-Rodeo yagqama kuyo yonke eminye imisebenzi, njengoba amanothi e-rock-rock ezwakala ngokucacile kuwo.
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1990, ibhendi yaseMelika yafakwa ku-Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Leli qembu lafakwa ohlwini lwabadlali abangu-50 abahamba phambili ngo-2004 (ngokusho kwephephabhuku iRolling Stone). AbakwaByrds bathathe indawo ehloniphekile yama-45.
Umlando wokudalwa nokwakheka kwe-The Byrds
Konke kwaqala ngo-1964. Ithimba lakhiwe ngabaculi abathembisayo: uRoger McGinn, uDavid Crosby noGene Clark. Ekuqaleni, abathathu badlala ngaphansi kwegama lokuqamba elithi The Beefeaters.
Laba bafana bagqugquzelwe amathrekhi kaBob Dylan kanye neThe Beatles. Ngemva kokuhlolwa okuningana, kwavela igama, kamuva elaziwa izigidi zabathandi bomculo. Abaculi baqala ukucula njengoThe Byrds.
Igama elisha linikeze abathathu "amaphiko". Igama mbumbulu likhombisa intshisekelo yangempela yabaculi kwezokundiza. Izindikimba zezindiza zaba yisisekelo somsebenzi wabo wokuqala.
Ngokushesha amalungu amasha ajoyina iqembu. Sikhuluma ngomculi webhesi uChris Hillman kanye nomshayi wezigubhu uMichael Clarke. Owokugcina washaya amabhokisi ekhadibhodi okokuqala ngqa. Abafana babengenazo izindlela zokuthenga izinsimbi zomculo.
Ingoma yokuqala ekhishwe yiThe Birds
Ngo-1965, i-debut single yethulwa. Ibhendi iqophe iculo lokuqala kuDylan kaMnu. Indoda yeTambourine. Ingoma ithathe umsindo omusha ngokuphelele. Futhi izinguquko ezenziwe zapenda ukwakheka!
Abaculi bakuguqule kakhulu ukushaywa kwesigingci esinezintambo eziyishumi nambili kanye nokuvumelana kwezwi ngendlela yabafana baseBeach. Kwakuyi-rock yokuqala ye-trackfolk. Esikhathini esifushane, wathatha indawo ye-1 yamashadi okuthengisa. Abagxeki bomculo abakhulu baqala ukukhuluma ngeThe Byrds.
Ngawo lowo nyaka, abaculi bandise i-discography yabo nge-albhamu yokuqala, uMnu. Indoda yeTambourine. I-albhamu yokuqala iyingxube, ihlanganisa kokubili amathrekhi akho kanye nezinguqulo zekhava.
I-albhamu ithengiswe ngamanani abalulekile. Impumelelo enjalo ayizange ikhuthaze abaculi kuphela, kodwa nenkampani yokuqopha. Ucele ukuthi kukhishwe elinye iqoqo ungakapheli unyaka.
Kakade ngoDisemba, i-albhamu entsha yavela emashalofini ezitolo zomculo. Ikhishwe njengeyodwa, i-Pete Seeger's Turn! Phenduka! Turn!, efaka izingcaphuno zeTestamente Elidala, ibuyisele i-The Byrds endaweni yokuqala ku-Billboard Hot 1.
Ukuduma okuphezulu kwe-The Byrds
Ngo-1966, iqembu kwaba yimpumelelo kakhulu futhi ethandwa. Abaculi bahamba bayonqoba abathandi bomculo baseLondon. Ngalesi sikhathi, uClark wabhala amazwi engoma edumile ethi Eight Miles High. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lokhu kuqanjwa kwehle emlandweni njengobuciko bokuqala be-psychedelic rock.
Abaningi babheka ithrekhi njengenqaba kancane. Futhi abambalwa kuphela abezwe ithonya lomculo wamaNdiya. Iningi labathandi bomculo bathi ukungaqondakali kwamagama nomculo kubangelwa i-narcotic dope. I-Eight Miles High yavalwa isikhathi eside emisakazweni eminingi e-United States of America naseYurophu. Inhlanganisela ehambisana nayo Fifth Dimension ibonise amanani okuthengisa anesizotha kunamanduleli ayo.
Ngokushesha uGene Clark wanquma ukulishiya iqembu. Ngenxa yesinqumo salo mculi amanye amalungu eqembu amangele. UGene wabhala izingoma eziningi zeqembu.
Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, uJin wabuyela eqenjini, kodwa wahlala lapho amasonto amathathu kuphela. Ukwethuka phakathi nezindiza endizeni kwadlala ihlaya elinonya kulo mculi. Ukuba khona kwakhe eqenjini bekungenakwenzeka.
Ngo-1967, i-discography yeqembu yagcwaliswa nge-albhamu yesine yesitudiyo Encane Kunayizolo. Irekhodi, ngokusho kwabalandeli, lilehlise kancane. Amathrekhi amaningana abebuthakathaka.
Lesi sikhathi sibonakala ngomzabalazo wokubusa. UDavid Crosby wayezama ukuzidonsela ingubo. Ukuziphatha kukaDavide kulo lonke iqembu kwabangela ukushaqeka nokulahlwa. Ngokwesibonelo, wafuna eMkhosini waseMonterey ukuba i-LSD inikezwe bonke abesifazane nezingane.
Ukuhlukana kwe-The Byrds
Ngenxa yokungaboni ngaso linye kwangaphakathi, iqembu lishiye eCrosby. Bobabili abalandeli namalungu eqembu abazange bakuqaphele ngempela ukusuka kwakhe eqenjini. Empeleni, babe sebethula i-albhamu yomqondo ethi The Notorious Byrd Brothers. Leli qoqo libhekwa ngabagxeki abaningi njengeminye yemisebenzi eqinile ye-The Byrds.
Indawo kaCrosby ithathwe ngumculi uGraham Parsons, umngani omkhulu kaKeith Richards ovela kuThe Rolling Stones. Ngaphansi kwethonya likaKeith, abaculi bajoyina igagasi elisha le-rock yezwe. Ngendlela, leli bekuyiqembu lokuqala le-rock ukwenza e-Nashville, inhloko-dolobha yomculo wezwe.
Ngokushesha i-discography yebhendi yagcwaliswa ngenye i-albhamu yesitudiyo, i-Sweetheart e-Rodeo. Icwecwe lamukelwe kahle kakhulu ngabalandeli. Ngaphansi kwengcindezi evela kulebula, amazwi ka-Parsons asulwa ezingoma zeqoqo, futhi u-Graham washiya ibhendi ngokushesha.
Ngemva kokusuka "komugqa wegolide" maphakathi nawo-1960, i-The Byrds yaba iphrojekthi eyedwa ye-de facto. Bese kuba khona izingoma ezabhalwa uMcGuinn. Ngo-1969, uMcGuinn, ebambisene noGene Clark, waqopha izingoma ezimbili ngaphansi kwegama lakhe ukuze acule ingoma yefilimu yehlelo i-Easy Rider.
Elinye lamaculo elithi Ballad of Easy Rider laphinde laqoshwa kabusha ngabakwa-The Byrds. Le ngoma inikeze igama eqoqweni elisha. Ukuduma kweqembu kwehla ngokushesha. Alikho iculo lasekuqaleni kwawo-1970 eliphinda impumelelo yamathrekhi adlule.
Imizamo yokuvuselela iqembu leZinyoni
Ngo-1973, okuthiwa "umugqa wegolide" we-The Byrds wazama ukuvuselela impilo yeqembu. Le mizamo ayiphumelelanga. Iqembu lahlakazwa, kulokhu unomphela.
Kuvele ukuthi akukapheli. Ngo-1994, uBattin noTerry Rogers bavusa ibhendi. Nokho, manje abaculi benza ngaphansi mbumbulu Byrds Celebration. Abaculi ababili abasha bajoyine iqembu: uScott Nienhaus noGene Parsons.
U-Jin wanele ukuvakasha okukodwa kuphela. Umculi washiya iqembu. Indawo yakhe yathathwa uVinnie Barranco, owagcina ethathwe uTim Politt. U-Battin ungumuntu wokugcina ukuba nento yokwenza nohlu lwangempela lwe-The Byrds. Nokho, lo “makadebona” washiya iqembu ngo-1997 ngenxa yezinkinga zempilo.
UBattin wathathelwa indawo nguCurtis. Ekuqaleni kwawo-2000, uCrosby wathenga uphawu lwentengiso lwe-Byrds. Kodwa basaqhubeka nokwenza ngaphansi kwegama elingelona iqiniso elithi Younger than Yesterday - a Tribute to the Byrds.
