I-Velvet Underground yiqembu le-rock laseMelika elivela e-United States of America. Abaculi bema emsuka womunye umculo we-rock nowokuhlola.
Naphezu kweqhaza elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni komculo we-rock, ama-albhamu eqembu awazange athengise kahle kakhulu. Kodwa labo abathenga amaqoqo babe ngabalandeli "beqoqo" kuze kube phakade, noma badala ibhendi yabo ye-rock.
Abagxeki bomculo abaphiki ukuthi umsebenzi waleli qembu waba yinguquko emlandweni womculo we-rock. I-Velvet Underground ingelinye lamaqembu okuqala azivumele ukuthi azame ngesibindi indlela ye-avant-garde.
Umsindo ongacacile, woqobo kanye nezinhlamvu ezinokhahlo, ezingokoqobo Lou Rida kube nomthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwe-punk, idwala lomsindo kanye nedwala elihlukile.
Ukwethulwa kwe-albhamu yokuqala kube nomthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwe-post-punk. Ukuhlola ngempendulo nomsindo kudiski elilandelayo - ku-rock yomsindo ne-noise pop, ikakhulukazi ebhendini ethi Jesus and Mary Chain. Futhi ingoma yomsindo weqoqo lesithathu le-discography yeqembu iku-indie rock ne-folk rock.
Ngeshwa, abaculi baleli qembu bathola ukuqashelwa emhlabeni wonke ngemva kokuwa kweqembu. Ngesikhathi sokuba khona kweqembu isikhathi esifushane, umsebenzi wabo wawungekho isidingo. Izingoma ezadlula isikhathi eside ngabathandi bomculo, okwenze amalungu eqembu ukuthi amemezele ukunqanyulwa kwemisebenzi yawo.
Umlando wokudalwa nokubunjwa kweqembu
Emsuka weqembu kukhona abaculi ababili abanekhono. Owokuqala kulaba, uLou Reed, wazalwa ngoMashi 2, 1942. Ngesinye isikhathi, wayeyilungu lamaqembu adala amathrekhi ohlobo lwe-rock yegaraji. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wabhala izingoma zelebula eyodwa enkulu.
Ilungu lesibili, uJohn Cale, wazalwa ngo-March 9, 1942. Umfana weza e-USA evela eWales ukuze azinikele, maye, hhayi emculweni onzima, kodwa kuma-classics.
Ngemva kokuhlangana noReed maphakathi nawo-1960, kwavela ukuthi abantu abasha babehlanganiswe izinto ezivamile zomculo. Eqinisweni, ngokujwayelana kwentsha, umlando omncane we-Velvet Underground waqala. Abaculi baqala ukuzijwayeza kakhulu futhi bavivinya umsindo.
I-duo ekuqaleni ibidlala ngaphansi kwegama elithi The Primitives. Ngokushesha uReid noJohn bajoyinwa umshayi wesigingci uSterling Morrison kanye nomshayi wezigubhu u-Angus Maclise. I-pseudonym yokudala yeqembu yashintsha izikhathi ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba abafana bagcine bevume igama leqembu.
Maphakathi nawo-1960, amalungu eqembu elisha aqala ukuzilolonga ngenkuthalo. Izingoma zalesi sikhathi zilula futhi zimnandi. Ngo-1965, ingoma yokuqala yaqoshwa efulethini lomunye wabaculi. Ingoma yokuqala yanikezwa ukulalela uMick Jagger odumile, kodwa washaya indiva umsebenzi we-Velvet Underground.
U-Angus waba ngowokuqala ukushiya iqembu. Umculi washiya iqembu ngokushesha nje lapho abafana bekhokhelwa ukusebenza kokuqala. UMaclise waphenduka indoda enezimiso. Uhambe namagama athi ubuqambi abuthengiswa.
Indawo ka-Angus yayingenamuntu isikhathi eside. Yathathwa intombazane egama layo linguMaureen Tucker, eyayidlala izigubhu ze-tom ne-bass. Umdlali we-percussion wangempela udale isigqi ngokwezwi nezwi ezindleleni ezithuthukisiwe. Ungena ngokuvumelana nesitayela esikhona.
Umculo we-Velvet Underground
Abaculi bebhendi entsha bathola ukwesekwa kumuntu womdidiyeli u-Andy Warhol. Unikeze abafana ithuba lokuqopha ku-studio yokuqopha i-Verve Records.
Ngokushesha umkhiqizi wamema ilungu elisha eqenjini - German Niko. Naye, abaculi bakhiphe i-albhamu yabo yokuqala, eyayivele isezitolo zomculo ngo-1967. Eqinisweni, i-albhamu izwakalise "igama elisha" emculweni we-rock. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, i-albhamu yamukelwe ngokufudumele ngabalandeli, futhi yafinyelela endaweni yokugcina kumashadi angu-200 aphezulu e-Billboard.
Ngemuva kwalo mcimbi, uNico noWarhol bayeka ukusebenza neThe Velvet Underground. Ngo-1967, nomphathi u-Tom Wilson, abaculi basebenze ekuhlanganiseni okumhlophe okukhanyayo/okumhlophe kokushisa. Amathrekhi e-albhamu entsha ahlukaniswa ngomsindo onamandla kakhulu. Kwakungekho ngisho nencanyana yezinhlamvu kuzo. Imizamo yabaculi yashabalala. Leli rekhodi liphenduke "ukwehluleka" okukhulu kunomsebenzi wangaphambilini.
Ukulahlekelwa akuzange kukhuthaze amalungu eqembu ukuthi ahlangane. Ngokukhula, kwaba nezingxabano nokungezwani eqenjini. Ngokushesha uCale wamemezela "kubalandeli" ukuthi wayeshiya iphrojekthi. Iqembu lisebenze edisc lesithathu nomunye umculi. Sikhuluma ngoDoug Yulia onethalente.
I-albhamu yesithathu yesitudiyo i-Velvet Underground, ngokombono wezohwebo, yaphenduka "ukwehluleka" ngokuphelele. Naphezu kwalokhu, ngemva kokukhishwa kweqoqo, "ukujika" kwaqala ohlangothini, futhi izingoma zithole umculo namanothi abantu.
U-Lou Reed ngenxa yokwehluleka uphoxeke ngokuphelele eqenjini. Umemezele kubalandeli ngokuqala komsebenzi wakhe eyedwa. Ngaleso sikhathi, umsebenzi we-disc yesine ku-discography wawuqedwa. Ngendlela, i-albhamu entsha ye-studio yaba ukunqoba kokuqala kweqembu.
Ukwethulwa kwe-albhamu yesine yesitudiyo nokuhlukana kweqembu
Ukuhlonipha ukukhululwa kwe-albhamu yesine, leli qembu lihlele izinkambo hhayi kuphela e-United States of America, kodwa nangaphandle kwezwe lakubo. Icwecwe lesine elithi Loaded linikeze abalandeli ithemba lokuthi konke akulahleki.
Ukwakheka kwamalungu eqembu kwaqala ukushintsha njengokuthi "amagilavu". Kwakukhona ukuphikisana eqenjini, futhi "abalandeli" basabela kabi kulokhu. I-Velvet Underground yamemezela ukuthi iyahlakazeka ngo-1972.
Imizamo yokuhlangana kabusha yi-Velvet Underground
Abaculi bazame ukuhlanganisa iqembu. Ngo-1993, kwaba nokuvakasha eYurophu. Nokho, uReed noCale baphinde baxabana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iqembu alizange libe nalo ithuba “lokuphila”.
Ngo-September 30, 1995, kwavela ukwaziswa kokuthi uSterling Morrison wayebulawe umdlavuza. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemva kokufa kwabo, i-Velvet Underground yafakwa e-Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Ngo-2013, elinye ilungu lebhendi yodumo, uLou Reed, lashona. Umculi wenziwa ukufakelwa isibindi, kodwa lokhu akuzange kusindise inkanyezi ekufeni.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo nge-Velvet Underground
- Ingoma eqanjiwe ethi All Tomorrow's Parties ibiphakathi kwamathrekhi ayintandokazi ka-Warhol avela kuyo yonke ingoma yeqembu.
- Izingqikithi eziyinhloko ze-albhamu yesithathu ye-studio yizidakamizwa, utshwala, ubufebe. Abaculi baqophe idiski ngezinsuku ezi-4.
- Umculi ohamba phambili weqembu, uLou Reed, wayenokuthambekela kobungqingili ebusheni bakhe. Izihlobo azizange ziqhamuke nalutho olungcono kunokumelapha nge-electroshock therapy. Ngemva kwalokho, umfana akazange akhulume nabazali bakhe isikhathi eside. U-Lu wayenezinkinga zotshwala nezidakamizwa. Izikhathi eziningi welashwa esikhungweni sokuhlunyeleliswa kwezimilo.
- Ngo-2010, umagazini i-Rolling Stone wafaka ibhendi ohlwini lwabaculi abayi-100 abadume kakhulu besikhathi sonke. Iqembu lithathe indawo ye-19 ehloniphekile.
Iqembu le-Velvet Underground namuhla
Ngo-2017, u-Tucker no-Cale babambisana ukuze bajabulise abalandeli ngamahithi amadala. Laba baculi bacula ekhonsathini eqondiswe kuzinganekwane zomculo. Izinkanyezi zenze ingoma eqoqweni lokuqala le-VU
UJohn Cale ngo-2016 ugcwalise kabusha i-albhamu yakhe eyedwa nge-albhamu entsha ethi MFANS. Ngo-2019, umculi wayehlala eCalifornia. Ekwindla yonyaka ofanayo, i-Velvet Underground ihlelelwe ukucula e-United States, kodwa hhayi ngokugcwele.
