I-Vocal and instrumental Ensemble "Pesnyary", njengoba "ubuso" be-Soviet Belarusian isiko, yayithandwa yizakhamuzi zawo wonke ama-republic aseSoviet. Yileli qembu, elaba yingqalabutho ngesitayela se-folk-rock, elikhumbula isizukulwane esidala ngokulangazelela futhi lilalela ngentshisekelo isizukulwane esisha ekurekhodeni.
Namuhla, amabhendi ahluke ngokuphelele enza ngaphansi kohlobo lwePesnyary, kepha lapho kukhulunywa ngaleli gama, inkumbulo ithatha izinkulungwane zabantu iye kuma-1970s kanye nawo-1980s ekhulwini elidlule ...
Kwaqala kanjani konke?
Incazelo yomlando weqembu lePesnyary kufanele iqale ngo-1963, lapho umsunguli weqembu, uVladimir Mulyavin, efika ezosebenza eBelarusian State Philharmonic. Ngokushesha umculi osemusha wayiswa enkonzweni yezempi, owabamba iqhaza eNgomeni Nomdanso Ensemble wesifunda saseBelarusian Military. Yilapho u-Mulyavin ahlangana khona nabantu kamuva abakha umgogodla weqembu le-Pesnyary: L. Tyshko, V. Yashkin, V. Misevich, A. Demeshko.
Ngemva kwebutho, u-Mulyavin wasebenza njengomculi we-pop, kodwa wayejabulela iphupho lokudala iqembu lakhe, ngokungafani nanoma yimaphi amanye amaqembu. Futhi ngo-1968, kwathathwa isinyathelo sokuqala kulokhu - ukubamba iqhaza kanye nozakwabo bezempi ohlelweni oluhlukahlukene "Lyavonikha", u-Mulyavin wathatha igama futhi wabiza iqembu lakhe elisha elithi "Lyavony". Iqembu lacula izingoma ezihlukahlukene, kodwa uVladimir waqonda ukuthi wayedinga isiqondiso sakhe esikhethekile.
Izimpumelelo zokuqala zeqembu elincane
Igama elisha nalo lithathwe kumlando waseBelarusian, lalinamandla futhi libalulekile, libopha izinto eziningi. Umncintiswano uphenduke isinyathelo esibucayi kakhulu esibheke ekudumeni kweNyunyana yonke kanye nothando lwezithameli zomhlaba wonke. I-VIA "Pesnyary" yenza izingoma ezithi "O, isilonda ku-Ivan", "Khatyn" (I. Luchenok), "Ngiphuphe ngawe entwasahlobo" (Yu. Semenako), "Ave Maria" (V. Ivanov). Kokubili umbukeli kanye nejaji bahlabeke umxhwele, kodwa umklomelo wokuqala awuzange unikezwe noma ubani.
I-Folk rock e-USSR yayiyisiqondiso esisha ngokuphelele, njenge-VIA ngokwayo, ngakho-ke ijaji alizange lilokothe ukubeka iqembu ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Kodwa leli qiniso alizange lithinte ukuthandwa kwe-ensemble, futhi lonke i-USSR yakhuluma ngeqembu le-Pesnyary. Ukunikezwa kwamakhonsathi nokuvakasha "kwakugeleza njengomfula" ...
Ngo-1971, ifilimu yethelevishini yomculo ethi "Pesnyary" yaqoshwa, futhi ehlobo langonyaka ofanayo i-VIA yabamba iqhaza emkhosini wengoma eSopot. Eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva, iqembu le-Pesnyary laba ngummeleli we-studio yokuqopha yaseSoviet i-Melodiya e-Cannes, yahlaba umxhwele u-Sydney Harris kangangokuthi wavakashela i-ensemble eMelika, eyayingakaze ihlonishwe yinoma yiliphi iqembu lomculo we-Soviet ngaphambili.
Ngo-1976 ofanayo, iqembu le-Pesnyary lakha i-opera yabantu Ingoma ye-Dole esekelwe emisebenzini ka-Yanka Kupala. Kwakuwumdlalo womculo onesisekelo sendabuko, esingahlanganisi izingoma kuphela, kodwa nezinombolo zomdanso kanye nokufakwa okumangalisayo. Umdlalo wokuqala wenziwa eMoscow e-Rossiya State Concert Hall.
Ukuphumelela kokusebenza kokuqala kwashukumisela iqembu ukuthi lidale ngo-1978 umsebenzi omusha wohlobo olufanayo, owenziwe ngokusekelwe ezinkondlweni zikaKupala zomculo ka-Igor Luchenko. Ukusebenza okusha kwabizwa ngokuthi "Guslyar".
Kodwa-ke, akazange aphinde impumelelo yengoma ethi "Ingoma Yokwabelana", futhi lokhu kwanikeza iqembu ithuba lokuqonda ukuthi akufanele liphindwe. V. Mulyavin wanquma ukungabe esabathatha amafomu "esikhumbuzo" futhi anikele ngobuhlakani bakhe ezingomeni ze-pop.
Ukuqashelwa kwe-All-Union yeqembu le-Pesnyary
Ngo-1977, iqembu Pesnyary waklonyeliswa idiploma e-USSR. Abaculi abahlanu baleli qembu bathole isicoco sabaculi abahlonishwayo.
Ngo-1980, leli qembu lakha uhlelo oluhlanganisa izingoma ezingu-20, ngo-1981 kwakhululwa uhlelo lwe-Merry Beggars, futhi ngemva konyaka nango-1988, imijikelezo yezingoma nezothando esekelwe emisebenzini ka-Yanka Kupala, ethandwa ngabaculi.
Unyaka we-1987 waphawulwa ngokukhululwa kohlelo "Ngokuzwakalayo", okungajwayelekile eqenjini, kumavesi ka-V. Mayakovsky. Ngokusobala, ukukhetha okunjalo kwakubangelwa izitayela zangaleso sikhathi, lapho yonke into endala ibhidlika, futhi izwe laliseduze nezinguquko zomhlaba.
Iminyaka eyi-100 ye-classic yezinkondlo zaseBelarusian uM. Bogdanovich ngo-1991 yayigujwa yiqembu le-Pesnyary ngohlelo lwe-Wreath eHholo laseNew York le-UN Library.
Ithimba lagubha iminyaka engu-25 yomsebenzi wokudala ngo-1994 emkhosini waminyaka yonke "Slavianski Bazaar" eVitebsk, ebonisa uhlelo olusha "Izwi Lomphefumulo" ngobusuku babo bokudala.
Iqembu elithi "Pesnyary" alisekho ...
Ngemva kokuwa kwe-USSR, iqoqo lombuso lalahlekelwa ukwesekwa kombuso, okwakungasekho. Ngomyalo kaNgqongqoshe Wezamasiko waseBelarusian, esikhundleni sikaMulyavin, uVladislav Misevich waba yinhloko yeqembu lePesnyary. Kwaba namahlebezi okuthi lokhu kwakungenxa yothando lukaMulyavin ngotshwala.
Kodwa-ke, lesi sinqumo samcasula uVladimir futhi waqoqa iqembu elisha ngaphansi komkhiqizo wangaphambili wePesnyary. Futhi umugqa omdala wathatha igama elithi "Belarusian Pesniary". Ukufa kukaVladimir Mulyavin ngo-2003 kwaba ukulahlekelwa okukhulu eqenjini. Indawo yakhe yathathwa nguLeonid Bortkevich.
Eminyakeni eyalandela, kwavela ama-clone ensembles amaningi, enza izingoma ezidumile zeqembu le-Pesnyary. Ngakho-ke, uMnyango Wezamasiko waseBelarus wamisa lokhu kungabi namthetho ngokunikeza uphawu lokuthengisa kumkhiqizo wePesnyary.
Ngo-2009, amalungu amathathu kuphela alo lonke iqembu ayephila: Bortkiewicz, Misevich futhi Tyshko. Njengamanje, amaqembu amane e-pop abizwa ngokuthi "Pesnyary" futhi acula izingoma zawo.
Abalandeli abaqotho babona oyedwa kuphela kubo - lowo oholwa nguLeonid Bortkevich. Ngo-2017, le nhlangano yaba nohambo olukhulu eRussian Federation, olunikezelwe kumkhosi weminyaka engama-50 weqembu lePesnyary. Futhi ngo-2018, isiqeshana sevidiyo sokuqala emlandweni we-ensemble sathwebula, ngokususelwa kuPolonaise ka-Oginsky.
Iqembu lalivame ukumenywa ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene zethelevishini kanye ne-pop "amaqoqo", kodwa-ke, akukho mbuzo wokuthandwa kwangaphambili. "Manje awekho ama-Pesnyars, empeleni…," u-Leonid Bortkevich uvuma kabuhlungu.
Emuva ngo-1963, insizwa evela e-Urals yaseSverdlovsk (manje eyiYekaterinburg) uVladimir Mulyavin weza eBelarus, eyaba ikhaya lakhe lesibili, futhi wanikela wonke umsebenzi wakhe kulo. Ngo-2003, ngomyalo kaMongameli waseBelarus, izenzakalo zabanjwa ukuze ziqhubekisele phambili inkumbulo yomculi odumile.
