U-Anatoly Lyadov ungumculi, umqambi, uthisha eSt. Petersburg Conservatory. Phakathi nomsebenzi omude wokudala, wakwazi ukwenza inani elimangalisayo lemisebenzi ye-symphonic. Ngaphansi kwethonya likaMussorgsky noRimsky-Korsakov, uLyadov wahlanganisa iqoqo lemisebenzi yomculo.
Ubizwa ngokuthi ungqondongqondo wezinto ezincane. I-repertoire ye-maestro ayinawo ama-opera. Naphezu kwalokhu, izinto ezidaliwe zomqambi ziwubuciko bangempela, lapho acija khona yonke inothi ngobunono.
Ubuntwana nobusha
Usuku lokuzalwa lomqambi lungoMeyi 12, 1855. Ubuntwana bakhe badlulela eSt. Anatoly Konstantinovich wayenawo wonke amathuba okuba umuntu odumile. Wakhulela emndenini ohlakaniphile, amalungu awo ayehlobene ngokuqondile nokudala.
Umkhulu uLyadov wachitha ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwakhe e-St. Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra. Inhloko yomndeni ibambe isikhundla somqhubi we-Imperial Opera. Ubaba wayevame ukuvela esiteji esikhulu futhi eyilungu lomphakathi ophakeme.
Anatoly Konstantinovich wafundiswa unina kanye governess. Ngemva kokuthola ulwazi oluyisisekelo, eneminyaka eyisikhombisa waboshelwa insimbi yomculo yokuqala - upiyano. Ngo-1870, le nsizwa yaba umfundi e-Conservatory. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uvame ukuvakashela amathiyetha endawo.
Waba nenhlanhla yokungena ekilasini likaRimsky-Korsakov. Ngaphansi kokuqondisa komqambi, u-Anatoly Konstantinovich uqamba izingoma zokuqala. Ithalente likaLyadov lalisobala. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, waba ilungu Belyaevsky Circle association.
Ngemva kokuba yingxenye "ye-Belyaevsky Circle" - isifundo saphela ngemuva. Anatoly Konstantinovich ngokuya wazivumela inkululeko. Weqa amakilasi, futhi wanikela ngesikhathi sakhe samahhala ukuze angafundi, kodwa ekuziqeqesheni. Ekugcineni, waxoshwa ku-conservatory. Ukunxusa kukababa nomkhulu onethonya akuzange kusize ukulungisa isimo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, wakwazi ukululama esikhungweni semfundo.
Ngo-1878, ezandleni zikaLyadov, kwakukhona idiploma yokuthweswa iziqu e-Conservatory. Ngokusekelwa umvikeli uMitrofan Belyaev, u-Anatoly Konstantinovich wathola ithuba lokufundisa esikhungweni semfundo. Wayekhethekile kwezomculo, ukuvumelana kanye nethiyori. Wakwazi ukukhulula abaqambi abaduma emhlabeni wonke. Umfundi Lyadov kwaba abanamakhono Sergei Prokofiev.
Indlela yokudala yomqambi u-Anatoly Lyadov
ULyadov wahlanganisa imisebenzi yokufundisa ngokubhala izingcezu ezimfushane zomculo. Maye, ukunensa kwemvelo kanye nobuvila kwavimbela inqubo yokubhala izingoma.
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, Anatoly Konstantinovich wethula imisebenzi yomphakathi: "Mayelana nezakudala", "Arabesques" futhi "Spillikins". Imisebenzi yakhe yamukelwa ngemfudumalo ngabagxeki nabathanda umculo wakudala. Ukwamukela okunobuntu obuhle kukhuthaza uLyadov ukuthi abhale imidlalo embalwa emincane.
Imisebenzi ye-maestro yenziwa ngolwesihlanu lwaseBelyaevsky. UModest Mussorgsky uveze umbono wakhe ngomsebenzi kaLyadov. Wambiza ngomqambi othembisayo. Kwakukhona nalabo ababengayithandi ngokungananazi imisebenzi ka-Anatoly. Ukushicilelwa kwavela emaphephandabeni, abalobi abagxeka umsebenzi kaLyadov.
Umqambi wayezwela lapho egxekwa. Wanquma ukuthuthukisa ikhono lakhe lokuqamba. U-Lyadov uhlola nge-impromptu nemidwebo, kanye nohlobo lomfundisi.
I-Pastoral wuhlobo lwemibhalo, imidwebo, umculo kanye nethiyetha ebungaza impilo yasemakhaya kanye nelula.
Wakhipha amaqoqo ezingoma waphendukela emisebenzini yesonto. Kodwa ukuthandwa kwangempela kwe-maestro kwalethwa ingoma ethi "Musical Snuffbox", kanye nezinkondlo ze-symphonic "Ingoma Ebuhlungu" nethi "Magic Lake".
Umlingisi waseshashalazini uSergei Diaghilev, owayedumile ngaleso sikhathi, wamdonsela ukunaka. Wazwakalisa isifiso sokuhlangana mathupha noLyadov. Ngemva kokuhlangana naye, wayala umqambi ukuthi asebenze kabusha izinombolo zesikhungo saseParisian Chatelet.
Iqembu le-Russian Seasons lethule I-Russian Fairy Tales kanye ne-Sylphides, ehlelwe emisebenzini ka-Anatoly Konstantinovich. Kube yimpumelelo enkulu.
Imininingwane yokuphila komuntu siqu ka-Anatoly Konstantinovich
Akazange athande ukuxoxa ngempilo yakhe yomuntu siqu. Kwaphela isikhathi eside egcina ubuhlobo bakhe nomnikazi wendawo uNadezhda Tolkacheva imfihlo, kodwa lapho beshada, kwadingeka embule imfihlo.
Ngemva kokuba umnikazi wendawo yasePolynovka, waqhubeka ehlanganyela ekudaleni. Owesifazane wazala amadodana ambalwa kumqambi. Amahemuhemu athi wayengathandi ukubhekana nezingane, futhi lolu hlelo lwaluthenjwa umkakhe nezihlobo zakhe.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngomqambi u-Anatoly Lyadov
- Wayenekhono lobuciko obuhle nezinkondlo.
- Cishe yonke imisebenzi yakhe wayeyinikezela ezihlotsheni, abangani noma kubazi abahle.
- Lapho ebuzwa ukuthi kungani eqamba izingcezu zomculo ezimfishane, umpetha wancokola ngokuthi akakwazi ukumela umculo isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu emi-5.
- Wayethanda ukufunda futhi ezama ukuthenga izinto ezintsha ezazishicilelwe emhlabeni wezincwadi.
- Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, washisa yonke imisebenzi ayengakwazanga ukuyiqeda ngenxa yempilo ebuthaka.
Iminyaka yokugcina yempilo ye-maestro
Ngawo-1910, u-Anatoly Konstantinovich akabange esakwazi ukuziqhayisa ngempilo enhle. Ekanye nomkhaya wakhe, waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye indawo enomsindo iSt. Petersburg aye endaweni yakhe.
Wabulawa isifo senhliziyo. Ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe, washonelwa umngane wakhe omkhulu futhi ehlukana nendodana yakhe, eyayiswa empini. Ngokunokwenzeka, ngenxa yokucindezeleka, isimo sakhe saba sibi kakhulu.
Umzimba ka-Anatoly Konstantinovich ngo-August 1914 wangcwatshwa emathuneni aseNovodevichy. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, kwaphinde kwangcwatshwa. Namuhla uphumula ku-Alexander Nevsky Lavra.
