UBedřich Smetana ungumqambi ohlonishwayo, umculi, uthisha kanye nombhidisi. Ubizwa ngokuthi umsunguli we-Czech National School of Composers. Namuhla, izingoma zikaSmetana zizwakala yonke indawo kumathiyetha angcono kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ubuntwana nobusha Bedřich Smetana
Abazali bomqambi ovelele babengahlangene nobuciko. Wazalelwa emndenini wabaphisi botshwala. Usuku lokuzalwa lukaMaestro lungoMashi 2, 1824.
Wakhulela ezweni elikhuluma isiJalimane. Iziphathimandla zazama ukuluqeda ngokuphelele ulimi lwesiCzech. Naphezu kwalokhu, umndeni wakwaSmetana wawukhuluma isiCzech kuphela. Umama, owayefunda noBedrich njalo, naye wafundisa indodana yakhe lolu limi.
Ukuthambekela komculo komfana kwatholakala kusenesikhathi. Ngokushesha wakwazi ukudlala izinsimbi zomculo eziningana, futhi lapho eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili waqamba ingoma yakhe yokuqala. Ubaba, owayegade indodana yakhe, wayefuna ukuba abe isazi sezomnotho, kodwa uBedrich wayenezinhlelo ezihluke ngokuphelele zokuphila.
Indlela yokudala ye-maestro u-Bedřich Smetana
Ngemva kokuphothula i-lyceum esemthethweni, lo mfana wavakashela ePrague. Kuleli dolobha elihle, wahlala phansi epiyano ukuze alethe amakhono akhe ezingeni lobuchwepheshe.
Phakathi nale minyaka, umqambi ohlonishwayo uLiszt wayehileleke ekuxhaseni kwayo ngezimali. Ngenxa yokusekelwa uzakwabo, washicilela izingoma ezimbalwa zokuqala futhi wavula isikole somculo.
Ngo-1856 wathatha isikhundla sokuba umqhubi e-Gothenburg. Lapho, wasebenza njengomfundisi, kanye nomculi ekamelweni ensemble. Lapho ebuyela ePrague, umfundisi uvula esinye isikole somculo. Uhlose ukuthuthukisa umculo waseCzech.
Ngokushesha wenyusa isitebhisi somsebenzi. Ngokushesha wathatha isikhundla sokuba umbhidisi omkhulu we-opera house yaseCzech. Lapho waba nenhlanhla yokuhlangana no-Antonio Dvorak. Inani elimangalisayo lama-opera kaSmetana adlalwa esiteji sethiyetha kazwelonke.
Ngo-1874 wagula kakhulu. Amahemuhemu athi i-maestro yathola ugcunsula. Ngaleso sikhathi, isifo se-venereal sasingelashwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, waqala ukungezwa. Ukuwohloka kwempilo kwaba yisizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi ashiye isikhundla sokuba ngumbhidisi eNational Theatre.
Imininingwane yempilo yomuntu siqu ye-maestro
Uthando lokuphila kwakhe kwaba ebukekayo Katerzhina Kolarzhova. Yena, njengomyeni wakhe odumile, wayehlobene ngokuqondile nokudala. U-Katerzhina wasebenza njengomdlali wopiyano.
Owesifazane wazala izingane zomqambi. U-maestro wayenethemba lokuthi indodakazi yakhe endala uFriederika wayezolandela ezinyathelweni zakhe. Ngokusho kukaSmetana, kusukela esemncane, intombazane yabonisa isithakazelo sangempela emculweni. Wabamba yonke into empukaneni, futhi wakwazi ukuphinda kalula iculo asanda kulizwa.
Ngeshwa, usizi lwehlela umndeni. Izingane ezintathu kwezine sezishonile. Umndeni wakuthwala kanzima ukulahlekelwa. Umqambi wabanjwa ukucindezeleka, lapho engakwazi ukuphuma yedwa.
Imizwelo uSmetana aba nayo ngaleso sikhathi yaholela ekudalweni komsebenzi wokuqala wegumbi elibalulekile: i-trio ku-G encane yepiyano, i-violin ne-cello.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngomqambi
- Inkondlo yomculo ethi "Vltava" (Moldau) iyiculo lesi-Czech elingekho emthethweni.
- I-asteroid iqanjwe ngaye.
- E-Czech Republic kwakhiwe amatshe esikhumbuzo ambalwa kuye.
Ukufa komqambi u-Bedřich Smetana
Ngo-1883, ngenxa yokucindezeleka isikhathi eside, wafakwa esibhedlela sabagula ngengqondo, esasisePrague. Wafa ngoMeyi 12, 1884. Isidumbu sakhe sihlala emathuneni aseVisegrad.
