Umqambi uCarl Maria von Weber wazuza uthando lwakhe lokusungula enhloko yomndeni, enweba lolu thando lokuphila. Namuhla bakhuluma ngaye ngokuthi "ubaba" we-opera kazwelonke yaseJalimane.
Ukwazile ukwakha isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwe-romanticism emculweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waba negalelo elingenakuphikwa ekuthuthukiseni i-opera eJalimane. Wayethandwa abaqambi, abaculi kanye nabathandi bomculo we-classic.
Iminyaka yobuntwana yomqambi
Umqambi ohlakaniphile wazalwa ngoDisemba 18, 1786. U-Weber wazalwa kunkosikazi wesibili kayise. Umndeni omkhulu wakhulisa izingane eziyi-10. Inhloko yomndeni yayikhonza emasosheni, kodwa lokhu akuzange kumvimbe ekuvuleni inhliziyo yakhe emculweni.
Ngokushesha, uyise waze washiya isikhundla esikhokhelwa kakhulu futhi wahamba wayosebenza njenge-bandmaster eqenjini lendawo yaseshashalazini. Walivakashela kakhulu izwe, futhi wathola injabulo yangempela kulokho akwenzayo. Akazange azisole ngokuthi washintsha kakhulu umsebenzi wakhe.
Izwe lakwa-Weber liyidolobha elincane kodwa elithokomele lase-Eitin. Ukukhula komfana kwadlula "amapotimende". Njengoba uyise ajikeleza lonke elaseJalimane, u-Weber waba nethuba elimangalisayo lokuhamba nomzali wakhe.
Lapho inhloko yomkhaya ibona ngokuhaha indodana yayo eyayizama ukufunda izinsimbi zomculo, yaqasha othisha abangcono kakhulu eJalimane ukuba bafundise inzalo yayo. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, igama le-Weber lixhunywe ngokungenakuhlukaniswa nomculo.
Kunqonqoze uNtatha endlini kaWebers. Umama washona. Manje zonke izinkinga zokukhulisa izingane zawela kubaba. Inhloko yomndeni yayingafuni indodana yayo iphazamise izifundo zayo zomculo. Ngemva kokushona komkakhe, yena nendodana yakhe bathuthela kudadewabo eMunich.
Iminyaka yentsha
UKarl waqhubeka nokuthuthukisa amakhono akhe. Umsebenzi wakhe awubanga yize, njengoba eneminyaka eyishumi umfana wabonisa amakhono akhe okuqamba. Ngokushesha imisebenzi yobude obugcwele ye-maestro encane yakhululwa. Umsebenzi wokuqala kaCarlo wawubizwa ngokuthi "Amandla Othando Newayini." Hhayi-ke, umsebenzi owethulwe ngeke ujabule ngoba ulahlekile.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka, ukwethulwa kwe-opera ehlakaniphile ethi "Forest Glade" kwenzeka. Ngalesi sikhathi uhamba kakhulu. Ukuhlala eSalzburg, uthatha izifundo kuMichael Haydn. Uthisha ubenethemba elikhulu ngewadi yakhe. Wagxilisa ukholo kumqambi osemusha kangangokuthi wahlala phansi wabhala enye incwadi.
Sikhuluma nge-opera ethi "Peter Schmol nomakhelwane bakhe". UWeber wayenethemba lokuthi umsebenzi wakhe wawuzodlalwa endaweni yeshashalazi yendawo. Kodwa, hhayi ngenyanga, hhayi kabili, isimo asizange sixazululwe. UKarl akabange esalinda isimangaliso. Ekanye nenhloko yomkhaya, wathatha uhambo olude, lapho ajabulisa khona izethameli ngokudlala upiyano lwakhe olujabulisayo.
Ngokushesha wathuthela endaweni enhle yaseVienna. Endaweni entsha, uKarl wafundiswa uthisha othile ogama lakhe linguVogler. Wachitha unyaka owodwa ku-Weber, futhi-ke, ngokuncoma kwakhe, umqambi osemusha nomculi wamukelwa njengenhloko yesonto le-choir endlini ye-opera.
Umsebenzi wokudala nomculo womqambi uCarl Maria von Weber
Waqala umsebenzi wakhe wobungcweti ngaphakathi kwezindonga zeshashalazi eBreslau wabe eseba sePrague. Kulapha lapho ithalenta likaWeber lembulwa ngokugcwele. Naphezu kweminyaka yakhe, uCarl wayengumqhubi ochwepheshe kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wakwazi ukuzibonakalisa njengomuntu oguqula amasiko omculo nemidlalo yaseshashalazini.
Abaculi babone u-Weber njengomeluleki nomholi. Umbono nezicelo zakhe zazilalelwa njalo. Ngokwesibonelo, wake waveza umbono wokuthi ungabeka kanjani kahle abaculi ku-orchestra. Amalungu eqembu asithobele isicelo sakhe. Kamuva bazoqonda ukuthi ukushintshwa kwalolu hlelo kulizuzise kangakanani iqembu. Ngemva kwalokho, umculo waqala ukuthululela ezindlebeni zomphakathi umnandi kunoju.
Wangenelela ngenkuthalo ngesikhathi sokuzilolonga. Abaculi abanolwazi bebengaboni ngaso linye mayelana nokuqanjwa kabusha kukaKarl. Nokho, iningi labo lalingenayo enye indlela ngaphandle kokulalela umdidiyeli. Wayedelela, ngakho wancamela ukungami emcimbini namawadi akhe.
Impilo yaseBreslau yagcina ingenashukela. U-Weber wayentula kakhulu imali yokuphila okuvamile. Wangena ezikweletini ezinkulu, futhi ngemva kokuba engasekho, wavele wabaleka wayobuka indawo.
Ngokushesha inhlanhla yamoyizela. U-Weber wanikezwa isikhundla sokuba umqondisi wenqaba yaseKarlruhe eDuchy yaseWürttemberg. Lapha wembula amakhono akhe okuqamba. U-Carl ushicilela inani lama-symphonies namakhonsathi ecilongo.
Wabe esethola isicelo sokuba unobhala weDuke. Wayebala ngezinga elihle, kodwa ekugcineni, lesi sikhundla samfaka ezikweletini ezengeziwe. U-Weber waxoshwa e-Württemberg.
Waqhubeka nokuzulazula emhlabeni. EFrankfurt ebabazekayo, isiteji somsebenzi wakhe sasisanda kwenziwa. Sikhuluma nge-opera "Sylvanas". Cishe kuwo wonke amadolobha uWagner awavakashele, wayelindelwe impumelelo nokuqashelwa. UKarl, owazithola esezingeni eliphakeme ngokuzumayo, akazange awujabulele lo muzwa omuhle isikhathi eside. Ngokushesha waphathwa isifo sohlangothi olungenhla lokuphefumula. Minyaka yonke isimo se-maestro siba sibi kakhulu.
Imininingwane yempilo yomuntu siqu ka-maestro u-Carl Maria von Weber
UKarl Weber wayenenhliziyo ebuhlungu ngempela. Indoda yanqoba kalula izinhliziyo zabesifazane, ngakho-ke inani lamanoveli akhe alikwazi ukubalwa eminwe. Kodwa oyedwa kuphela owesifazane okwazile ukuthatha indawo ekuphileni kwakhe.
UCarolina Brandt (lelo kwakuyigama lika-Weber othandekayo) wayithanda le ndoda ngokushesha. Abantu abasha bahlangana ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwe-opera uSilvana. UCarolina Enhle wenza ingxenye enkulu. Imicabango ye-chic Brandt yagcwalisa yonke imicabango ka-Karl. Egqugquzelwe imibono emisha, waqala ukubhala imisebenzi eminingi yomculo. Lapho u-Weber ehambela ukuvakasha, uCarolina wafakwa ohlwini lomuntu ohamba naye.
Le noveli yayingenayo idrama. UKarl Weber wayeyindoda evelele, futhi, kunjalo, wayefunwa phakathi kobulili obuhle. Umqambi akakwazanga ukumelana nesilingo sokuchitha ubusuku nonobuhle. Wakhohlisa uCarolina, futhi wayazi cishe konke ukukhashelwa komculi.
Bahlukana, baxabana. Kwaba nokuxhumana okuthile phakathi kwezithandani, okwasiza ukucosha izikhiye zenhliziyo noma kunjalo, bahambe bayobuyisana. Phakathi nezindleko ezilandelayo, uWeber wagula kakhulu. Wathunyelwa ukuyokwelashwa kwelinye idolobha. UKarolina wathola ikheli lesibhedlela, wayesethumela incwadi kuKarl. Lokhu kwaba omunye umkhondo wokuvuselela ubudlelwano.
Ngo-1816, uKarl wanquma isenzo esibucayi. Wanikeza uCarolina isandla nenhliziyo. Lo mcimbi bekukhulunywa ngawo emphakathini ophezulu. Abaningi babukele ukuthuthukiswa kwendaba yothando.
Lo mcimbi ugqugquzele i-maestro ukuthi idale inani leminye imisebenzi ekhaliphile. Umphefumulo wakhe wawugcwele imizwa efudumele eyagqugquzela umculi ukuthi aqhubekele phambili.
Ngemva konyaka umshado, uCarolina omuhle kanye noWeber abanamakhono bashada. Khona-ke umndeni wazinza eDresden. Kamuva kwaziwa ukuthi inkosikazi yomculi ilindele ingane. Ngeshwa, intombazane esanda kuzalwa yashona isewusana. Ngalesi sikhathi, impilo ka-Weber yawohloka kakhulu.
UCarolina wakwazi ukuzala izingane ezivela ku-maestro. UWeber wayechichima injabulo. Waqamba izingane amagama ahambisana nelakhe nelenkosikazi yakhe. Abazibonele ngawabo bathi uKarl ujabulile kulo mshado.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana ne-maestro u-Carl Maria von Weber
- Ipiyano iyinsimbi yokuqala yomculo eyanqotshwa u-Weber.
- Wayengadumile nje kuphela njengomqambi okhaliphile, umbhidisi nomculi. Waduma njengeciko nomlobi onekhono. Amahemuhemu athi uKarl akazange athathe isikhundla - wenze konke ngendlela engcono kakhulu.
- Lapho esevele enesisindo esithile emphakathini, wathatha indawo yomgxeki. Wabhala ukubuyekezwa okuningiliziwe kwemisebenzi yomculo ephilayo yangaleso sikhathi. Akazange akweqe ukugxekwa maqondana nezimbangi zakhe. Ikakhulukazi, wayemzonda uRossini, ngokungananazi embiza ngesihluku.
- Umculo ka-Karl waba nomthelela ekwakhiweni kokuthandwa komculo kaLiszt noBerlioz.
- Umsebenzi wakhe ube nomthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukisweni komculo wephimbo nowomculo wezinsimbi.
- Amahemuhemu athi ubengumuntu ozicabangela yedwa. UKarl uthe uhlakaniphile.
- Cishe yonke indalo kaKarl yayigcwele amasiko ezwe lakubo.
Ukufa kuka-Maestro Carl Maria von Weber
Ngo-1817 wathatha isikhundla sokuba yinhloko yekhwaya ye-opera house eDresden. Isimo sakhe sokulwa sacishe salahlekelwa indawo, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi isimo sase-Italy sathuthuka ku-opera. Nokho, uKarl akazange ayeke. Wenza konke ukwethula amasiko esizwe samaJalimane emdlalweni we-opera. Wakwazi ukuhlanganisa iqembu elisha futhi waqala ukuphila kusukela ekuqaleni e-Dresden Theatre.
Lesi sikhathi sesikhathi sidume ngokukhiqiza okuphezulu kwe-maestro. Ubhale ama-opera agqama kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi eDresden. Sikhuluma ngemisebenzi: "Umdubuli wamahhala", "Ama-Pintos amathathu", "Euryant". UKarl kwakhulunywa ngaye nakakhulu ngesithakazelo esikhulu. Ngokuphazima kweso, wayesebuyele esigcawini.
Ngo-1826 wethula umsebenzi "Oberon". Kamuva kuvele ukuthi wagqugquzelwa ukuthi abhale i-opera kuphela ngezibalo hhayi okunye. Umqambi waqonda ukuthi uphila izinyanga zakhe zokugcina. Wayefuna ukushiya umndeni wakhe okungenani imali ethile ukuze aphile ngendlela evamile.
Ngomhla lu-1 kuMbasa, i-opera entsha ka-Weber yaboniswa okokuqala e-Covent Garden yaseLondon. UKarl akazange azizwe kahle, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, izethameli zamphoqa ukuba agibele esiteji ukuze abonge ngomsebenzi wakhe omuhle. Wafa ngoJuni 5, 1826. Wafela eLondon.
