I-Ukraine ibilokhu idume ngabahlabeleli bayo, kanye ne-National Opera ngomlaza wayo wabaculi besigaba sokuqala. Lapha, iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amane, ithalenta eliyingqayizivele le-prima donna yaseshashalazini, Umculi Wabantu wase-Ukraine kanye ne-USSR, owawina uMklomelo Kazwelonke. Taras Shevchenko kanye Umklomelo State of the USSR, Hero of Ukraine - Yevgeny Miroshnichenko. Ehlobo lika-2011, i-Ukraine yagubha iminyaka engu-80 yokuzalwa kwenganekwane yesigcawu se-opera kazwelonke. Ngawo lowo nyaka, kwanyatheliswa i-monograph yokuqala ngempilo yakhe nomsebenzi.
Wayengumhlobiso kanye nophawu lwe-opera yase-Ukraine engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-XNUMX. Udumo lomhlaba lwesikole samazwi sikazwelonke luhlotshaniswa nobuciko bakhe. Izwi elihle langempela - i-lyric-coloratura soprano Evgenia Miroshnichenko ayisoze yadideka. Umculi wayenekhono lobuciko bezwi, i-forte enamandla, i-pianissimo esobala, ukuzwakala kahle, kanye nethalente lokulingisa eligqamile. Konke lokhu bekulokhu kungaphansi kokwakhiwa kwezithombe ezinhle kakhulu zezwi nezesiteji.
U-Ivan Kozlovsky uthe uMiroshnichenko akayena nje umculi ovela kuNkulunkulu, kodwa futhi ungumlingisi wangempela. Le nhlanganisela ayivamile kakhulu. UMaria Callas wodumo kuphela owayenayo. Ngo-1960, lapho abaculi be-opera baseSoviet Union beqala ukuqeqeshwa eLa Scala Theatre, u-Evgenia wathuthukisa ikhono lakhe lokukhuluma futhi walungiselela ingxenye kaLucia nothisha wakhe u-Elvira de Hidalgo.
Ubuntwana kanye nentsha yomculi u-Evgeny Miroshnichenko
Umculi wesikhathi esizayo wazalwa ngo-June 12, 1931 edolobhaneni elincane lasePervoi Sovetsky, esifundeni saseKharkov. Abazali - uSemyon noSusanna Miroshnichenko. Umndeni ngobunzima obukhulu wasinda ezempi "izikhathi ezinzima". Ubaba washona ngaphambili, futhi umama wasala yedwa nezingane ezintathu - Lucy, Zhenya futhi Zoya.
Ngemva kokukhululwa kukaKharkov ngo-1943, uLyusya noZhenya bafakwa esikoleni somsakazo esikhethekile sabesifazane. UZhenya wafundela ukuqina, uLucy wabuyela ekhaya ngokushesha. Lapho, intombazane yahlanganyela ezenzweni ze-amateur. Ekuqaleni wadansa, wabe esecula ekwayeni, eholwa ngumculi womculo kanye nomqambi uZinovy Zagranichny. Ube ngowokuqala ukubona ithalenta lomfundi osemncane.
Ngemva kokuphothula ekolishi, u-Evgenia wasebenza njenge-fitter ekilasini lokuqala e-Kharkov Electromechanical Plant. Kodwa wayevame ukumenywa ukuba adlale e-Kyiv. Kuphela ngo-1951 wangena Kyiv Conservatory ekilasini likathisha onokuhlangenwe nakho uMaria Donets-Tesseir.
Owesifazane wamasiko aphezulu, ulwazi lwe-encyclopedic, uprofesa wakhuluma isiFulentshi, isiNtaliyane, isiJalimane, isiPolish. Ubuye waqeqesha amakhadi asezingeni eliphezulu etiyetha ye-opera kanye nabaculi be-chamber. Maria Eduardovna waba umama wesibili Evgenia.
Wamfundisa ukucula, wathonya ukwakheka kobuntu bakhe, weluleka, wesekwa ngokokuziphatha, ngisho nangezimali. Uprofesa walungiselela u-Evgenia Miroshnichenko eMncintiswaneni Wamazwe Ngamazwe Wokucula eToulouse (eFrance). Lapho, waba umnqobi, wathola uMklomelo Omkhulu kanye neNdebe yedolobha laseParis.
Ukuhlolwa kokugcina e-Conservatory kwaba ukuqala kuka-Evgenia Miroshnichenko esiteji se-Kyiv Opera ne-Ballet Theatre. U-Evgenia wacula indawo ka-Violetta ku-opera ka-Giuseppe Verdi ethi La Traviata futhi wakhanga ngezwi lakhe elihle nomuzwa ocashile wesitayela somqambi. Futhi u-Verdi cantilena oguquguqukayo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - ubuqotho neqiniso ekudluliseni imizwa ejulile yeqhawekazi.
Sebenza e-Kiev Opera Theatre
Cishe azikho izimo emlandweni wokudlalwa kwe-opera yomhlaba lapho ingxenye yezwi eyintandokazi ihlobise ingoma yomculi iminyaka engamashumi amane. Ukuziqhayisa ngalokhu, ngaphandle kuka-Evgenia Miroshnichenko, kungaba umculi wase-Italy u-Adeline Patti. Isipiliyoni sakhe sephimbo esimnandi sasingaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka.
Umsebenzi ka-Yevgenia Miroshnichenko waqala e-Kyiv - waba yedwa we-Opera ye-Kyiv. Wasebenza nomculi: Boris Gmyrya, Mikhail Grishko, Nikolai Vorvulev, Yuri Gulyaev, Elizaveta Chavdar, Larisa Rudenko.
U-Evgenia Miroshnichenko waba nenhlanhla kakhulu ngoba wahlangana nabaqondisi abanolwazi e-Kiev yaseshashalazini. Kuhlanganisa uMikhail Stefanovich, uVladimir Sklyarenko, uDmitry Smolich, u-Irina Molostova. Futhi abaqhubi ngu-Alexander Klimov, Veniamin Tolbu, Stefan Turchak.
Ngokusebenzisana nabo wathuthukisa ikhono lakhe lokudlala. I-repertoire yomculi yayihlanganisa indima kaVenus (u-Aeneid ka-Nikolai Lysenko), i-Musetta (i-La Boheme ka-Giacomo Puccini). Kanye ne-Stasi (Intwasahlobo Yokuqala ka-German Zhukovsky), Indlovukazi Yobusuku (I-Flute Yomlingo kaWolfgang Amadeus Mozart), uZerlina (uFra-Devil kaDaniel Aubert), uLeila (Abafuna IPearl kaGeorges Bizet).
Engxoxweni yephephabhuku loMculo, u-Evgenia Miroshnichenko uthe: “Ngihlobanisa ukuzalwa kwami njengomculi, okokuqala, noLa Traviata, lo msebenzi wobuciko kaGiuseppe Verdi. Yilapho ukwakheka kwami kwezobuciko kwenzeka khona. Futhi i-Violetta edabukisayo nenhle uthando lwami lwangempela noluqotho. "
Ukuqala kwe-opera "Lucia di Lammermoor"
Ngo-1962-1963. Iphupho lika-Eugenia lafezeka - umdlalo wokuqala we-opera uLucia di Lammermoor (Gaetano Donizetti) wenzeka. Wakha isithombe esiphelele se-heroine hhayi kuphela ngenxa yezwi lakhe, kodwa futhi njengomdlali we-actress onekhono. Ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa e-Italy, umculi waya ezivivinyweni eLa Scala, lapho uJoan Sutherland esebenza engxenyeni kaLucia.
Wacabangela ukucula kwakhe okuphambili kwezobuciko, ithalente lakhe lamangaza umculi osemusha wase-Ukraine. Ingxenye kaLucia, umculo we-opera wamjabulisa kangangokuthi walahlekelwa ukuzinza. Ngokushesha wabhalela Kyiv incwadi. UMiroshnichenko wayenesifiso nokholo empumelelweni ukuthi abaphathi bemidlalo yaseshashalazini bazofaka i-opera ohlelweni lwe-repertory.
Umdlalo, owenziwe ngumqondisi u-Irina Molostova kanye nomqhubi u-Oleg Ryabov, waboniswa esiteji saseKyiv cishe iminyaka engu-50. U-Irina Molostova uthole isixazululo esingcono kakhulu sesiteji sokusebenza. Wembula umbono wothando lweqiniso nolunqobayo olubekwe ngumqambi kanye no-freetist. U-Yevgenia Miroshnichenko wakhuphukela endaweni ephakeme edabukisayo endaweni yokuhlanya kukaLucia. Ku-"Aria with a Flute", umculi ubonise izwi le-virtuoso, i-cantilena eguquguqukayo, eqhudelana nensimbi. Kodwa wayebuye adlulisele nemibono ecashile yemizwa yogulayo.
Emiculweni i-La traviata ne-Lucia di Lammermoor, u-Eugenia wayevame ukusebenzisa ukuthuthukiswa. Uthole izithunzi ezingokomfanekiso emishwaneni yomculo, ehlangabezana nezigcawu ezintsha ze-mise-en-scenes. Ukwenza intuition kwamsiza ukuba aphendule kumuntu ngamunye womlingani wakhe, ukucebisa isithombe esaziwayo ngemibala emisha.
I-La traviata kanye no-Lucia di Lammermoor ama-opera lapho umculi efinyelele esicongweni sekhono nokuthuthuka kwezinkondlo.
Evgenia Miroshnichenko kanye neminye imisebenzi yakhe
Isithombe esithinta inhliziyo sentombazane yaseRussia uMarta ku-opera ethi The Tsar's Bride (Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov) sisondelene kakhulu nobuntu bokudala bomculi. Kuleli qembu kwakukhona ububanzi bobubanzi, ukuguquguquka okukhulu, ukufudumala kwe-timbre. Futhi nokuphimisela kahle, lapho wonke amazwi wezwakala ngisho on pianissimo.
"I-Nightingale yase-Ukraine" yayibizwa ngokuthi u-Evgenia Miroshnichenko. Ngeshwa, le ncazelo, evame ukutholakala ezihlokweni ezimayelana nabahlabeleli, manje isiyehlisiwe. Ubeyi-prima donna yesigcawu se-opera yase-Ukrainian enezwi elicacile lohlu lwama-octave amane. Abaculi ababili kuphela emhlabeni ababenezwi elihlukile - umculi wase-Italy odumile wekhulu le-XNUMX uLucrezia Aguiari kanye nomFulentshi uRobin Mado.
U-Evgenia wayengumdlali ophawulekayo wemisebenzi yekamelo. Ngaphezu kwe-arias evela kuma-opera, wacula izingcaphuno ze-opera ethi "Ernani" kanye ne-"Sicilian Vespers" emakhonsathini. Kanye ne "Mignon", "Linda di Chamouni", ezothando zikaSergei Rachmaninoff, Pyotr Tchaikovsky, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Caesar Cui. Nezingoma zababhali bakwamanye amazwe - uJohann Sebastian Bach, Antonin Dvorak, Camille Saint-Saens, Jules Massenet, Stanislav Moniuszko, Edvard Grieg, abaqambi base-Ukraine - uJulius Meitus, uPlaton Maiboroda, u-Igor Shamo, u-Alexander Bilash.
Izingoma zomdabu zase-Ukraine zathatha indawo ekhethekile ku-repertoire yakhe. U-Evgenia Semyonovna ungomunye wabadlali abahamba phambili be-"Concerto for Voice and Orchestra" (Reingold Gliere).
Umsebenzi wokufundisa womculo
U-Evgenia Miroshnichenko uye waba uthisha omangalisayo. Ngomsebenzi wokufundisa, isipiliyoni sokwenza kanye namakhono obuchwepheshe akwanele; amakhono akhethekile nomsebenzi kuyadingeka. Lezi zici zazitholakala ku-Evgenia Semyonovna. Wakha isikole samazwi, ehlanganisa ngokuhlelekile amasiko okusebenza kwe-Ukraine ne-Italy.
Kuphela yaseshashalazini yakubo walungiselela soloists 13, abathatha izindawo eziyinhloko eqenjini. Ikakhulukazi, lawa Valentina Stepovaya, Olga Nagornaya, Susanna Chakhoyan, Ekaterina Strashchenko, Tatyana Ganina, Oksana Tereshchenko. Futhi bangaki abawinile kuzo zonke imincintiswano yamazwi ase-Ukrainian namazwe ngamazwe asebenza ngempumelelo ezinkundleni zemidlalo yaseshashalazini ePoland - uValentina Pasechnik noSvetlana Kalinichenko, eJalimane - u-Elena Belkina, eJapane - u-Oksana Verba, eFrance - u-Elena Savchenko noRuslana Kulinyak, e-USA - UMikhail Didyk noSvetlana Merlichenko.
Iminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-30, lo mculi uzinikele ekufundiseni e-National Music Academy yase-Ukraine eqanjwe ngalo. UPyotr Tchaikovsky. Wabakhulisa ngesineke nangothando abafundi bakhe futhi wagxilisa kubo izimiso eziphakeme zokuziphatha. Futhi akazange nje afundise umsebenzi womculi, kodwa futhi "izinhlansi ezivuthayo" zokuphefumula emiphefumulweni yabadlali abasha. Uphinde wafaka kubo isifiso sokungalokothi bayeke, kodwa qhubekela phambili ezindaweni eziphakeme zokudala. U-Evgenia Miroshnichenko wakhuluma ngenjabulo eqotho mayelana nekusasa lamathalenta amancane. Wayefisa ukwakha i-Small Opera House e-Kyiv, lapho abaculi base-Ukraine babengasebenza khona, futhi bangahambi phesheya.
Ukuqedwa komsebenzi wokudala
U-Evgenia Miroshnichenko waqeda umsebenzi wakhe ku-National Opera ngendima kaLucia di Lammermoor (Gaetano Donizetti). Akekho owamemezela, akazange abhale kuphosta ukuthi lokhu bekuwumdlalo wokugcina womculi okhaliphile. Kodwa abalandeli bakhe bazizwa. Ihholo laligcwele phama. U-Evgenia wenza ekusebenzeni noMikhail Didyk, owalungisa naye indima ka-Alfred.
Emuva ngoJuni 2004, i-Small Opera yasungulwa ngesinqumo soMkhandlu Wedolobha laseKyiv. UMiroshnichenko wayekholelwa ukuthi inhloko-dolobha kufanele ibe nendlu ye-opera yegumbi. Ngakho-ke, wangqongqoza kuyo yonke iminyango yamahhovisi ezikhulu, kodwa kwaba yize. Ngeshwa, izinsizakalo eziya e-Ukraine, igunya lomculi ohlakaniphile azizange zithinte izikhulu. Abazange bawusekele umbono wakhe. Ngakho washona engazange afeze iphupho lakhe ayelijabulela.
Eminyakeni yamuva, u-Evgenia Semyonovna wayevame ukuhlangana nezintatheli, ukhumbula iziqephu ezithakazelisayo kusukela ebuntwaneni bakhe. Kanye neminyaka enzima yangemva kwempi, ukuqeqeshwa esikoleni sokufundela umsebenzi saseKharkov. Ngo-April 27, 2009, umculi brilliant wafa. Ubuciko bakhe bokuqala sebungene phakade emlandweni womculo we-opera waseYurophu nowomhlaba.
