UGeorgy Sviridov ungumsunguli kanye nommeleli oholayo wesiqondiso sesitayela "se-folklore wave". Wazigqamisa njengomqambi, umculi kanye nosaziwayo emphakathini. Phakathi nomsebenzi omude wokudala, wathola imiklomelo eminingi yombuso ehlonishwayo nemiklomelo, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, ithalenta likaSviridov laqashelwa abathandi bomculo.
Iminyaka yobuntwana nobusha kaGeorgy Sviridov
Usuku lokuzalwa lomqambi lungoDisemba 16, 1915. Wazalelwa edolobheni lesifundazwe laseFatezh. Abazali besithombe esizayo sezigidi babengahlangene nokudala. Inhloko yomkhaya yazibona isisebenzi saseposini, futhi umama wazibonakalisa enguthisha.
Umama kaGeorge wayecula ku-kliros kusukela esemncane. Lona wesifazane wakwazi ukugxilisa endodaneni yakhe uthando lokusungula nomculo. Kakade ebuntwaneni, umfana waqala ukuba nesithakazelo ukudlala izinsimbi zomculo.
Lapho kuqala impi yombango, umndeni wakwaSviridov walahlekelwa umondli wawo. Ngelungu ngalinye lomkhaya, ukulahlekelwa isihlobo esiseduze kwaba ukulahlekelwa komuntu siqu nokudabukisa kakhulu. Umama wasala egone nezingane ezimbili. Lapho efuna impilo engcono, owesifazane uya eKirov ezihlotsheni zakhe ezikude.
Ngesinye isikhathi umama kaGeorge wanikezwa upiyano noma inkomo yaseJalimane njengenkokhelo yesifundo. Owesifazane akazange acabange isikhathi eside - wakhetha inketho yokuqala. Umama Sviridova sekuyisikhathi eside eqaphela ukuthi indodana yakhe ithanda umculo. Waqondisa amakhono akhe ekuthuthukiseni indodana yakhe.
Enye into uGeorge ayethanda ukuyenza kwakuyizincwadi. Wawuthanda umsebenzi wababhali baseRussia nabakwamanye amazwe. Kamuva, le nsizwa yaba nesithakazelo sokudlala i-balaika futhi yaze yadlala nensimbi komunye wemicimbi yemikhosi.
Imfundo yomculo womqambi uGeorgy Sviridov
Ekupheleni kwe-20s yekhulu elidlule, uGeorge wangena esikoleni somculo edolobheni laseKurs. Kuyathakazelisa futhi nasi isikhathi. Esivivinyweni sokungena, bekufanele udlale uhlobo oluthile lokuqanjwa okuvela kumanothi. Njengoba uSviridov wayengenakho ukunethezeka okunjalo, wamane wadlala i-waltz yombhali.
Wabe esefunda nothisha onekhono M. Krutyansky. Uthisha waqaphela ukuthi phambi kwakhe kwakukhona i-nugget yangempela. Weluleka le nsizwa ukuba iye eLeningrad. Edolobheni elikhulu, wangena ekolishi lomculo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, uGeorge wangena enkambweni ka-Isaiah Braudo.
Wayengomunye wabafundi abaphumelele kakhulu kulo msinga. Ngemva kokufunda, akazange azikhandle futhi wasebenza njengomdlali wopiyano ebhayisikobho. Ngokushesha uBraudo waphendukela kumqondisi wesikhungo semfundo ngesicelo sokudlulisela uGeorge esifundweni sokuqamba.
Ithalente elincane lingena ekilasini lika-M. Yudin. Maphakathi nawo-30, usekwazile ukungena Leningrad Conservatory. Ngemva konyaka wabhaliswa ku-Union of Composers.
Indlela yokudala kaGeorgy Sviridov
Iminyaka yempi yomqambi yachithwa ekuthutheni. Ngama-40s wayehlala endaweni yaseNovosibirsk. Wathuthela edolobheni kanye nokubunjwa kweLeningrad Philharmonic. Wabhaliswa ku-Philharmonic cishe ngokushesha ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni. Lapha umqambi uqamba imisebenzi yezwi.
Maphakathi nawo-50 ekhulwini elidlule, Georgy waphendukela umsebenzi Yesenin. Wethula inkondlo ethi "In Memory of Sergei Yesenin" kubalandeli bomsebenzi wakhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wethula cantata emazwini omunye imbongi Russian - B. Pasternak. Ngokuvamile, wabhala imisebenzi eminingi yomculo eminingi esekelwe ezinkondlweni zezimbongi zakwamanye amazwe nezasekhaya.
Wasebenza ngokuqaphela emkhakheni wezingoma. Ngama-60s, uSviridov wajabulisa abalandeli bomsebenzi wakhe ngomjikelezo wekhwaya kanye ne-symphony orchestra "Kursk Songs". Umsebenzi usekelwe kuma-motifs abantu nakudala bethandwa.
Ngemva kokuhlolwa kukaSviridov ngemisebenzi yabantu baseRussia, abaqambi abaningi baseSoviet bagxile ezingomeni zabo zomdabu zaseRussia. Iminyaka eyalandela yaba nezithelo kakhulu futhi enezigigaba kungcweti uGeorgy Sviridov.
Ngama-70s waqamba omunye wemisebenzi edume kakhulu nebonakalayo yerepertoire yakhe. Sikhuluma ngengoma ethi "Snowstorm", eyayisekelwe emsebenzini wePushkin.
Endabeni yodumo, i-premiere yengoma ethi "Isikhathi, Phambili!" yenzeka. Ngaleso sikhathi, cishe zonke izingane zesikole zaseSoviet zaziyazi le ngoma ngekhanda. Umsebenzi wazwakala efilimu kaMikhail Schweitzer
Georgy Sviridov: imininingwane yokuphila komuntu siqu komqambi
Ukuphila komuntu siqu kaSviridov akuzange kuthuthuke ngokushesha. Indoda yashada kathathu. Kwabesifazane abahlukene wayenamadodana amabili. Kuyaziwa ukuthi amadodana ka-maestro afa ngaphambi kukapapa odumile.
Umqambi akazange akhulume ngokufa kwendodana yakhe endala uSergei ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe. Ngemva kokushona komqambi, kwaziwa ukuthi indodana endala yashona ngokuzithandela. Ngesikhathi ezibulala, Sergei wayeneminyaka engu-16 kuphela ubudala.
Indodana encane yosaziwayo okuthiwa nguYuri. Wayehlala egula futhi edinga ukwelashwa okumba eqolo. Indodana encane kaGeorge yahlala eJapane isikhathi esithile. Wafa ngesonto ngaphambi kokufa kukaSviridov. Uyise ka-Yuri akazange athole ngokufa kwendodana yakhe encane.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uGeorge akazange akhulume ngemishado yokuqala. Engxoxweni, wayene-laconic. Kuyaziwa kuphela ukuthi igama lomfazi wokuqala kwakunguValentina Tokareva, futhi waqaphela ngokwakhe emsebenzini wokudala.
Unkosikazi wesibili u-Aglaya Kornienko wasebenza njengomdlali we-actress. Wayemncane kakhulu kunoGeorge. Ngenxa yalo wesifazane, washiya umkakhe wokuqala nendodana encane. Emshadweni wesibili, kwazalwa indodana Yuri.
U-Elza Gustavovna Sviridova ungumfazi wesithathu nowokugcina we-Sviridov. Ubemncane futhi kunomaestro. Wakhonza lona wesifazane futhi wambiza ngokuthi inqolobane yakhe.
Ukufa Georgy Sviridov
Wachitha iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe ngaphandle kwedolobha. Umqambi ubematasa emculweni nasekudobeni. Washona ngoJanuwari 6, 1998.
