I-Holy Fool engenakulibaleka kusukela efilimini ethi "Boris Godunov", uFaust onamandla, umculi we-opera, waklonyeliswa kabili uMklomelo kaStalin futhi izikhathi ezinhlanu waklonyeliswa nge-Order kaLenin, umdali nomholi weqembu lokuqala nelokuphela kwe-opera. Lona ngu-Ivan Semenovich Kozlovsky - i-nugget evela emzaneni wase-Ukraine, owaba isithixo sezigidi.
Abazali kanye nobuntwana Ivan Kozlovsky
Ikusasa umculi odumile wazalwa ngo-1900 eduze Kiev. Ngamakhono akhe, u-Ivan wayefana noyise nomama wakhe. Akekho owafundisa abalimi umculo, kwakusegazini labo, elizuzwe ngokhokho babo. Uyise ka-Ivan, uSemyon Osipovich, wanikezwa kalula noma iyiphi ingoma, wayekwazi ukuyidlala ngobuciko ku-harmonica yaseViennese. Futhi umama, u-Anna Gerasimovna, wayenezwi elinamandla nelimnandi.
Othisha baphawula ikhono nokukhuthala kuka-Ivan. Waze wavunyelwa ukuba aqhube izifundo zomculo eqenjini elilodwa lesikole. USemyon no-Anna babenethemba lokuthi ngemva kwesikole esigodlweni sezindela, indodana yabo izoqhubeka nezifundo zayo esikoleni sobufundisi. Nokho, umfana wayengakufuni lokho.
U-Ivan Kozlovsky: Isigcawu sokuqala sabantu abadala
Ngo-1917, u-Ivan waba umfundi e-Music and Drama Institute. Othisha, sebezwile i-tenor yakhe, banquma ukufundisa mahhala. Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni, u-Ivan Kozlovsky wanquma ukuzinikela enkonzweni yezempi. E-Red Army, iyunithi lapho i-soloist yesikhathi esizayo ye-opera ivolontiya yayilawulwa yi-colonel yangaphambili ye-tsarist, owayewazi kahle umculo.
Ezwa ukucula kukaKozlovsky, uColonel, emangazwe ithalenta lalo mfana, wakhuluma no-commissar weyunithi. Futhi uKozlovsky wathunyelwa ukukhonza ePoltava Music and Drama Theatre. Kwakuphakathi nenkonzo yezempi lapho uKozlovsky enza khona umdlalo wakhe wokuqala esiteji se-opera. Kwake kwagula umculi waseshashalazini wendawo, kwacelwa omunye owayethweswe iziqu esikhungweni somculo ukuba asize.
Umsebenzi: izindima zenkanyezi kanye nokunqoba kuka-Ivan Kozlovsky
Isivunguvungu somculo "sathatha" u-Ivan Kozlovsky, ukuze angamvumeli aphume kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe. Kusukela ngo-1923 kuya ku-1924 umculi onethalente wenza esiteji se-opera yaseKharkov, kwase kuba se-opera yaseSverdlovsk. Lapho inkontileka ne-Ural Theatre isiphelile, uKozlovsky waba Muscovite. Ngo-1926, Bolshoi Theatre wathola soloist entsha. Futhi i-tenor kaKozlovsky yazwakala ku-opera ethi "La Traviata", "The Snow Maiden", njll.
Unyaka ka-1938 wawunesenzakalo esikhethekile. Ukuze kwandiswe izingoma zakudala, wadala i-USSR State Opera Ensemble. Bekuyimizamo yokusondeza umculo wakudala kumphakathi jikelele, osekuseduze nesiteji. Lo msebenzi waklonyeliswa uMklomelo kaStalin.
Impi nangemva kwempi
Lapho iMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe iqala, uKozlovsky nozakwabo bakubheka njengomsebenzi wabo ukusekela ama-fighters alwela izwe lakubo. Amakhonsathi ngaphambili nasezibhedlela, ukuqoshwa kwezinhlelo zomsakazo - lokhu kwaba umnikelo wezinkanyezi zesiteji se-opera ekunqobeni kwabantu baseSoviet phezu kwe-fascism. Ngo-1944, ngenxa yemizamo kaKozlovsky kanye nomqhubi uSveshnikov, kwavela ikhwaya yabafana, kamuva eyaba isikole.
Lapho iMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe iphela, waphinde wakhanya esiteji se-opera enkulu. Futhi i-Holy Fool yakhe eFaust iphinde yajabulisa abalandeli bekhono lalo mculi. Futhi umculi waklonyeliswa omunye uMklomelo Stalin. UJoseph Stalin wazisa kakhulu umculi futhi wayethanda ukujabulela izwi likaKozlovsky. Ngezinye izikhathi umculi, ngisho nasebusuku, angabizwa ku-Generalissimo, ngoba u-Iosif Vissarionovich wayefuna ukulalela i-tenor enhle.
Ngo-1954 uKozlovsky washiya i-Bolshoi Theatre. Manje u-Ivan Semyonovich wayesehileleke kwenye indaba. Wachitha isikhathi esiningi evakashela iZwe LamaSoviet. Wabuye waqoqa izinganekwane nezothando zakudala. Ngendlela, kwakunguKozlovsky owaqala ukwenza uthando "Ngahlangana nawe ...". Lo mculi wathola ngephutha amaphuzu ngomculo kaLeonid Malashkin esitolo sezincwadi esenziwe ngesandla.
Eminyakeni yangemva kwempi, umculi wadlala amafilimu amaningana, umsebenzi wakhe wawunganele hhayi kuphela umculo, kodwa futhi cinema. Futhi e-Maryanovka yakubo ngo-1970, umculi odumile we-opera wanquma ukuvula isikole sabaculi abasha.
Ukuphila komndeni womculi u-Ivan Kozlovsky
Umkakhe wokuqala kwakungu-Alexandra Gertsik, i-Poltava prima donna. U-Alexandra wayeneminyaka engu-14 ubudala. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuzange kuvimbele u-Ivan ukuba alahlekelwe ikhanda ngenjabulo ukuze abe eduze nale ballerina. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-15, uKozlovsky wahlangana nomunye wesifazane ayefuna ukuxhuma naye ukuphila kwakhe. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingana, uKozlovsky, ethanda umlingisi uGalina Sergeeva, waqhubeka ehlala noGertsik, kwaze kwaba yilapho owesifazane ohlakaniphile emnika inkululeko.
Nge Galina Sergeeva, umshado owathatha iminyaka eminingana. UGalina wazala amadodakazi amabili, kodwa umndeni oqinile awuzange usebenze. UGalina wayecasukile ukuthi uKozlovsky wayelalela izicelo zabantu angabazi. Futhi akazange amnike izipho. Wayekholelwa ukuthi inkosikazi kufanele iphile ngesizotha futhi ifeze izimfuneko zomyeni wayo. Lokhu kwamcasula futhi kwamcasula umlingisi. Futhi ngolunye usuku washiya Kozlovsky. Umyeni owalahlwa akaphindanga washada. Manje konke ukuphila kwakhe kwakugcwele umculo kuphela.
Ifa lika-Ivan Kozlovsky
U-Ivan Semenovich Kozlovsky wavakashela futhi wanikeza amakhonsathi kuze kube yilapho eneminyaka engu-87. Ngaphezu komsebenzi wekhonsathi, wayehlanganyela ekusunguleni izincwadi. Izikhumbuzo zakhe zanyatheliswa ngonyaka ngaphambi kokushona komculi we-opera, ngo-1992.
Ivan Kozlovsky wafa ngo-December 21, 1993. Izihlobo zikaKozlovsky ngemuva kokushona komculi zasungula isikhwama esiqanjwe ngaye. Le nhlangano yeseka amaciko athatha izinyathelo zawo zokuqala eziya empumelelweni. E-Russia, kwaba nomkhosi waminyaka yonke oqanjwe ngo-I. S. Kozlovsky, owawuhlanganisa abaculi abasha ukuze babonise amakhono abo.
