I-Jefferson Airplane yiqembu lase-USA. Abaculi bakwazile ukuba yinganekwane yeqiniso ye-art rock. Abalandeli bahlobanisa umsebenzi wabaculi nenkathi yama-hippie, isikhathi sothando lwamahhala nokuhlolwa kwasekuqaleni kwezobuciko.
Izingoma zomculo zeqembu laseMelika zisathandwa ngabathandi bomculo. Futhi lokhu kwenzeka naphezu kokuthi abaculi bethula i-albhamu yabo yokugcina ngo-1989.
Umlando wokudalwa kanye nokwakheka kweqembu le-Jefferson Airplane
Ukuze uzwe umlando weqembu, udinga ukubuyela emuva ku-1965, eSan Francisco. Emsuka weqembu lehlelo ngumculi osemusha uMarty Balin.
Maphakathi nawo-1960, uMarty wadlala "umculo oyingxubevange" odumile futhi waphupha ukuqala iqembu lakhe. Umqondo "womculo oyingxubevange" kufanele uqondwe njengenhlanganisela yemvelo yabantu bakudala kanye nezici ze-rock motifs entsha.
UMarty Balin wayefuna ukwakha iqembu, futhi into yokuqala ayimemezelayo kwakuwukufuna abaculi. Umculi osemncane wathenga isidlo sakusihlwa, wasishintsha saba iklabhu futhi waqamba le ndawo ngokuthi i-Matrix. Ngemva kwesisekelo esihlomile, uMarty waqala ukulalela abaculi.
Kulokhu, umngane omdala uPaul Kantner, odlala abantu, wasiza le nsizwa. USigny Anderson waba ngowokuqala ukujoyina iqembu elisha. Kamuva, leli qembu lalihlanganisa nesigingci seblues uJorma Kaukonen, isigubhu uJerry Peloquin kanye nomshayi webhesi uBob Harvey.
Abagxeki bomculo abakakwazi ukuthola inguqulo eqondile yomsuka wegama. Ngokushesha kwakukhona izinguqulo eziningana abaculi ngokwabo abazange baqinisekise ngokusemthethweni.
Inguqulo yokuqala - igama-mbumbulu lokudala livela kumqondo we-slang. I-Jefferson Airplane isho umdlalo ophukile phakathi. Usetshenziselwa ukuqeda ukubhema ugwayi lapho ungasakwazi ukubanjwa ngeminwe. Inguqulo yesibili - igama elihlanganisa abaculi, laba inhlekisa ngamagama avamile abaculi be-blues.
Iqembu le-Jefferson Airplane libe nesandla ekuthuthukisweni kwe-art rock. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abagxeki bomculo babiza abaculi ngokuthi "obaba" be-psychedelic rock. Ngawo-1960, bekungelinye lamaqembu akhokhelwa kakhulu e-US. Bahole umkhosi wokuqala we-Isle of Wight.
Umculo kaJefferson Airplane
Maphakathi nawo-1960, kwaqala ukusebenza kweqembu. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abaculi ngokushesha bawuzwa umoya wabathandi bomculo. Basuka endleleni yendabuko baqonda emsindweni we-elekthronikhi. Amalungu eqembu agqugquzelwe umsebenzi weThe Beatles. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isitayela esiyingqayizivele seqembu le-Jefferson Airplane lakhiwa.
Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, abaculi abambalwa bashiya iqembu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Naphezu kokulahlekelwa, abanye beqembu banquma ukungashintshi indlela. Baqhubeka behamba bebheke ngakuyo.
Iphrofayela yeqembu ikhuthazwe izibuyekezo ezibhalwe umhlaziyi womculo u-Ralph Gleason. Umgxeki akazange ananaze ukuncoma iqembu, walinxusa ukuthi lilalele umsebenzi weJefferson Airplane.
Ngokushesha abaculi bacula emcimbini womculo ohlonishwayo e-Longshoremen's Hall. Kwenzeke umcimbi obalulekile kulo mkhosi - amalungu ebhendi aqashelwa abakhiqizi besitudiyo sokuqopha iRCA Victor. Abakhiqizi banikeze iqembu ukuthi lisayine inkontileka. Banikeze abaculi imali engu-$25.
Ukukhishwa kwe-albhamu yokuqala ethi Jefferson Airplane
Ngo-1966, i-discography yeqembu yagcwaliswa nge-albhamu yokuqala yesitudiyo. Kwakhululwa amakhophi ayizinkulungwane ezingu-15, kodwa kwavela ukuthi kuphela eSan Francisco abathandi bomculo bathenga amakhophi ayizinkulungwane ezingu-10.
Ngemuva kokuthi wonke amakhophi esedayiswe, abakhiqizi bethule elinye iqoqo le-albhamu yokuqala nezinguquko ezithile.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, u-Signy Anderson wathathelwa indawo ilungu elisha, uGrace Slick. Amazwi omculi ahambisana kahle nezwi likaBalin. UGrace wayenokubukeka kazibuthe. Lokhu kuvumele iqembu ukuthi lizuze "abalandeli" abasha.
Iminyaka eyalandela yaba nezigigaba kubaculi baleli qembu. Isihloko esimayelana nebhendi sishicilelwe ku-Newsweek. Ebusika bango-1967, abaculi bethula i-albhamu yabo yesibili, i-Surrealistic Pillow.
Ngenxa yamathrekhi amabili we-albhamu yesibili yesitudiyo, abafana bathola ukuthandwa emhlabeni wonke. Sikhuluma ngezingoma zomculo othi Unogwaja Omhlophe kanye nothi Somebody to Love. Khona-ke abaculi baba izivakashi ezikhethekile zoMkhosi weMonterey njengengxenye yephrojekthi ye-Summer of Love.
Kuqala ngeqoqo lesithathu lika-Baxter elithi After Bathingat, amalungu ashintshe umqondo. Abagxeki bomculo baphawule ukuthi izingoma zeqembu "zisinda kakhulu". Kuma-albhamu amabili okuqala, amathrekhi enziwa ngefomethi ye-rock yakudala. Futhi izingoma ezintsha zazizinde ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zinzima kakhulu maqondana nohlobo.
Ukuhlukana kwendiza yaseJefferson
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1970, leli qembu laphela ukuba khona. Yize ibingekho imininingwane esemthethweni ngokuhlukana kweqembu kubaculi. Ngo-1989, amalungu ebhendi ye-Jefferson Airplane ahlangana ukuze aqophe i-albhamu entsha.
I-discography yeqembu yagcwaliswa nge-albhamu ethi Jefferson Airplane. Maphakathi nawo-1990, ibhendi yangeniswa e-Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Abaculi bathole Indondo Ye-Grammy Lifetime Achievement ngo-2016.
Ngo-2020, iJefferson Airplane ayibange isasebenza. Abanye abaculi bebesebenza ngabodwana. Kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yeqembu, ungathola izindatshana ezithakazelisayo mayelana nomlando webhendi ye-Jefferson Airplane.
