Ngesikhathi u-Johann Strauss ezalwa, umculo womdanso wakudala wawubhekwa njengohlobo olungenangqondo. Izingoma ezinjalo zaziphathwa ngokuhlekwa usulu. U-Strauss wakwazi ukushintsha ukuqonda komphakathi. Umqambi onekhono, umqhubi nomculi namuhla ubizwa ngokuthi "inkosi ye-waltz". Futhi ngisho nasochungechungeni oludumile lwe-TV olusekelwe inoveli ethi "The Master and Margarita" ungezwa umculo othakazelisayo wengoma ethi "Spring Voices".
UJohann Strauss: Ubuntwana и intsha
Uma sikhuluma ngoStrauss, akucaci ukuthi sikhuluma ngobani ngempela. Iqiniso liwukuthi uStrauss unguzalo lwangempela lwabaculi abanekhono nabaqambi. UJohann wazuza ithalenta lakhe enhloko yomndeni.
Inhloko yomkhaya yayingumdlali wevayolini onekhono futhi engumbhidisi. Uphinde wadlala i-waltz egqamile. Izivivinyo zakhe zazivame ukwenziwa ekhaya, futhi wayengaphikisani nakancane nokuthi izingane zazizama ukulingisa ikhono lakhe lomculo.
Lapho u-Johann ekhula, ubaba oqinile wabona indodana yakhe ingekho ngaphansi kwebhange. Waze wavala u-Strauss Jr. ekwenzeni umculo. Manje zonke izivivinyo zazenziwa ngasese kusukela enhloko yomndeni. Kodwa umama wakwazi ukugcizelela ukuthi izingane zikhululeke ukudlala upiyano futhi zicule ekwayeni yesonto.
Insizwa enekhono yafunda ukudlala ivayolini kuFranz Amon ngokwakhe. Ubaba wayengafuni ukuba indodana yakhe iye emkhakheni womculo. Wayefuna umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu kaStrauss. Wayengenayo enye indlela ngaphandle kokwamukela isicelo sikayise. Ngokushesha waba umfundi e-Polytechnic School. UJohann wathola imfundo yezomnotho, kamuva eyaba usizo.
Bhala ukubuyekeza
Endabeni yokuthandwa, umculi osemusha wadala ama-orchestra amaningana adlala ngenkuthalo namakhonsathi edolobheni lakubo. Ngemva kokuqamba ingoma eyodwa nje, wathuthela kwenye indawo. Ngaso leso sikhathi wanelisa isifiso somphakathi sokuzwa umdlalo ogqamile futhi andisa iholo lakhe.
Lapho uJohann ecija amakhono akhe ezingeni lochwepheshe, waba umncintiswano ogcwele kuyise. Inhloko yomndeni yayikhathazeke kakhulu ngesithunzi sayo kangangokuthi yazama ukugcina indodana yayo phakathi kwezindonga ezine ngempoqo. UJohann wayesekelwa unina kuphela. Ngenxa yomsebenzi kaStrauss Jr., wahlukanisa nomyeni wakhe. Ngaleso sikhathi, base bengasenawo umkhaya ogcwele, njengoba uStrauss Sr. wayehlala ezindlini ezimbili. Ubaba waphuca ezakhe izingane ilungelo lefa.
Ubaba nendodana babengenayo imibono efanayo mayelana nokwamukelwa kwezindlela zokuguquguquka. Ngakho-ke, inhloko yomndeni ngaphandle kokungabaza yayingowakwaHabsburg. UJohann wabhala i-March of the Insurgents. Namuhla, ukwakheka kwethulwa kwaziwa kubalandeli bomculo we-classic njenge "Viennese Marseillaise". Lapho ukuvukela kuchotshozwa, uJohann Omncane waquliswa icala. Ubaba wajabula kwaze kwaba yilapho ebona ukuthi izilaleli zihlangana naye kabuhlungu. Wayengaseyena umculi odumile. Izilaleli zazifuna ukubona uStrauss osemusha.
Ngokumangalisayo, ngemva kokufa kukayise, umsebenzi wokudala womqambi odumile waqala ukuchuma. UJohann wazama ukuba inhloko yomkhaya ingamcasuli. Wanikezela izingoma eziningi zomculo kuye.
Indlela yokudala nomculo womqambi uJohann Strauss
Ngemva konyaka ekhulile, u-Johann wathola i-orchestra yakhe, lapho avakashela izwe ngempumelelo. Ukusebenza kokuqala kwabaculi akuzange kwenzeke endaweni efaneleke kakhulu yezingoma zakudala. I-orchestra eholwa nguStrauss edlalwa ekhasino. Nalapha futhi, ubaba wayehileleke lapha, owasizakala ngokuxhumana kwakhe ukuze indodana yakhe ingazitholi izinkundla zokudlala ezinhle. Wavimba ukungena kwakhe kuzo zonke izigodlo namasaluni.
Isikhundla sikaJohann saba ngcono ngemva kokushona kukayise. Khona-ke umculi wahlanganisa ama-orchestra, waze waqala ukwenza e-Franz Josef Palace. Wayehola i-orchestra, abaculi bayo ababedlala ngentshiseko ama-polka nama-waltze engoma ye-maestro. Ngezinye izikhathi wayevumela ifa elicebile lokudala likaStrauss Sr. ukuba lifakwe ku-repertoire.
Udumo lukaJohann lwakhula. Waba omunye wabaculi ababebaluleke kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi. UStrauss wayengahaheli udumo. Wabelana ngokuthandwa kwakhe nabafowabo - u-Eduard noJosef. Ugxile ekutheni uzibheka njengengcweti ethandwayo, kanti abafowabo bamane bangabaculi abanekhono.
Ngokushesha, Johann Strauss wayaziwa hhayi kuphela e-Austria lakubo. Ngokukhula kokuthandwa, yahlanganisa amasayithi amaningi kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba. Umculi ne-orchestra yakhe wenza eCzech Republic, ePoland naseRussia. Wayephiwe. Akazange adinge ukwenza imizamo ebalulekile ngesikhathi kusungulwa izingoma. Umculo uvele "uphuma esibayeni sakhe."
Umqambi wase-Austrian - umsunguli we-waltz yaseViennese. Izingoma zomculo we-Melodic ziqukethe isingeniso, ukwakhiwa kwe-melodic 4-5 nesiphetho. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi umqambi odumile wabhala ama-waltze ahlakaniphile angaphezu kuka-150. Akunakwenzeka ukubukela phansi iqhaza lakhe ekuthuthukiseni umculo we-classical.
Imisebenzi engcono kakhulu
Izingoma ezidume kakhulu ze-maestro enekhono yizinganekwane ezivela eVienna Woods kanye ne-On the Beautiful Blue Danube. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukwakheka kokugcina kwakudume ngokuthi "i-Blue Danube". Ngokokuqala ngqa lo mculo wazwakala embukisweni womhlaba enhloko-dolobha yaseFrance. Namuhla, ukwakheka kubhekwa njengeculo elingekho emthethweni lase-Austria.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwama-waltzes athandwayo eStrauss kukhona "Izwi Lentwasahlobo". Ingoma yenziwa okokuqala e-Theater an der Wien. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu ukuthi i-Spring Voices waltz ingazwakala emicimbini yesimanje. Ngokwesibonelo, emazweni aseYurophu, ukwakheka kulalelwa ngesikhathi sokugubha uNyaka Omusha.
Ngesisekelo sezingoma ezingafi, i-maestro namuhla idala ama-ballet. Izingoma zikaStrauss aziwona nje umculo wemicimbi yomphakathi. Ochwepheshe bayaqiniseka ukuthi izingoma zakhe kufanele zithathwe njengezingoma zoqobo ezinenani eliphakeme lobuciko.
Ngawo-1970, u-Johann waqala ukubhala ama-operetta. U-Strauss udale uhlobo oluhlukile lwakudala. Ayengaphezu kuka-10 kuwo, kanye ne-ballet ne-comic opera. Kungudumo olukhulu kubaculi asebephumelele nabaqalayo ukwenza izingxenye ze-operettas ethi The Bat noma The Gypsy Baron.
Ngokushesha umqambi, umculi kanye nomqhubi wavakashela e-United States of America. Ukwazile ukubamba amakhonsathi angu-14. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waqopha umlando. Iqiniso liwukuthi uStrauss wenza i-orchestra, ehlanganisa abaculi abayizinkulungwane ezingu-1. Lolu hambo lwamlahlekisela ngokuphucwa inkontileka nemali enkulu.
Impilo yomuntu siqu ka-maestro uJohann Strauss
I-maestro yavakashela i-Russian Federation izikhathi eziningana namakhonsathi akhe. Kulapho ahlangana khona nentombazane enhle, ogama layo lingu-Olga Smirnitskaya. Umqambi wamthanda futhi wacela ukushada naye. Abazali baphikisana nale nyunyana. Ngokusobala babengafuni indodakazi yabo ishiye izwe lakubo. UStrauss wanikezela ngengoma ethi "Farewell to St. Petersburg" emnyuziyamu wakhe.
Lapho umaestro ethola ukuthi othandekayo wakhe wayezoshada, isikhathi eside akakwazanga ukuzitholela indawo. U-Strauss wathola ukuthula kwengqondo ezingalweni zikaHenrietta Chalupetskaya. Owesifazane wayenomlando othakazelisayo kakhulu. Wazala izingane eziyisikhombisa zamadoda ahlukene, kuyilapho kungekho neyodwa eyahlonishwa ngokumthatha njengomfazi osemthethweni. KuJohann, waba umnyuziyamu. Umqambi ugqugquzelwe ubuhle bomculi we-opera.
Owesifazane washona ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho. UStrauss akazange adabuke isikhathi eside. Akazange azithwese umthwalo ngesibopho sokubekezelela ukulila okunqunyiwe futhi washada no-Angelica Dietrich. Umbhangqwana wahlukana ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu.
Unkosikazi wokugcina we-maestro kwakungubuhle ogama lakhe lingu-Adele Deutsch. Washonelwa umyeni wakhe futhi wazuza njengefa imali eningi. Ngenxa yomkakhe ongumJuda, umfundisi waze washintsha ukholo lwakhe. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi akazange abe nezingane kunoma yimuphi umshado wakhe.
Ngemva kokufa kukaStrauss, unkosikazi wokugcina wazama ukuqhubekisela phambili inkumbulo ye-maestro. Endlini lapho umndeni wawuhlala khona, umfelokazi wadala imnyuziyamu. Lapho umuntu wayekwazi ukubona izinsimbi zomculo ezazidlalwa umqambi, ajwayelane nemikhuba yakhe futhi afunde nomkhathi ovamile.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngoStrauss
- Ubhale izingoma ezingaphezu kuka-450.
- Wabhala ingoma yakhe yokuqala ethi "First Thought" eneminyaka engu-6.
- UJohann wabhala i-quadrille ethi "Nikolai" ngokuhlonipha umbusi waseRussia.
- Igama lomqambi lihlotshaniswa nenkosi yama-waltzes, uphawu lobusha obungenandaba nothando lothando.
- Kunezikhumbuzo zikaStrauss e-Australia, eRussia nasePavlovsk.
Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila komqambi
Strauss eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe wazama ukugwema imicimbi yomphakathi. Ubephila impilo engajwayelekile. Ngaleso sikhathi, wakwazi ukubonakala ekhonsathini eyodwa kuphela - ukuhlonipha ukudalwa kwe-operetta "The Bat". Kamuva kwavela ukuthi lesi kwakuyisinqumo esingalungile. Ngemva kwekhonsathi, umpetha wagula.
Wanikezwa ukuxilongwa okudumazayo kwe-pneumonia. Akazange abe nalo ithuba lokuphila. UStrauss washiya leli zwe ngoJuni 1899. Ungcwatshwe emathuneni aseVienna Central.
