UJon Hassell ungumculi nomqambi odumile waseMelika. Umqambi we-avant-garde waseMelika, waduma ngokuyinhloko ngokuthuthukisa umqondo womculo "wezwe lesine". Ukwakhiwa komqambi kwathonywa kakhulu uKarlheinz Stockhausen, kanye nomculi waseNdiya uPandit Pran Nath.
Ubuntwana nobusha uJon Hassell
Wazalwa ngo-March 22, 1937, edolobheni laseMemphis. Umfana wakhulela emndenini ojwayelekile. Inhloko yomndeni yadlala ikhonethi necilongo kancane. Lapho uJohn ekhula, waqala "ukuhlukumeza" izinsimbi zikayise. Kamuva, ukuzilibazisa okuvamile kwakhula kwaba okunye. UJohn wazivalela endlini yokugezela wazama ukudlala izingoma ayezizwile ekuqaleni kwecilongo.
Kamuva wathatha izifundo zomculo we-classic eNew York naseWashington. Ukuqeqeshwa kwaholela kumphumela omubi - uJohn wacishe waliyeka iphupho lakhe lokuba umculi.
Wayethanda umculo we-classical, futhi wacabanga ngokuya eYurophu ukuze afunde kothisha abahamba phambili emhlabeni. Ngemva kokuqongelela imali, wafeza iphupho lakhe. UHassel wangena ekilasini likaKarlheinz Stockhausen. Le nsizwa yabhaliswa komunye wothisha bomculo obungalindelekile. Wanaka ngokukhethekile izingcezu zomculo we-elekthronikhi nomsindo.
“Izifundo uthisha ayengiyale ukuba ngiziqede zazimangalisa. Ngokwesibonelo, wake wangicela ukuba ngiqophe ukuphazamiseka komsakazo okuvela kumamukeli ngamanothi. Ngiyithandile indlela yakhe engajwayelekile emculweni nasekufundiseni. Ubungcweti, kanye nokuqala, kwakuyizici zikaKarlheinz.
Ngokushesha wabuyela e-United States of America. UJon Hassell wandisa kakhulu izethameli zabajwayele. Wabona ukuthi kwelakubo sekwanele ohlanya abaphupha ngokwenza umfutho ngale komculo.
Indlela yokudala
Ukuphila kwaletha umculi onesiphiwo ku-LaMonte Young, kwase kuba uTerry Riley, owayesanda kuqeda ukusebenza ekuqanjweni komculo Ku-C. John wabamba iqhaza ekurekhodweni kwenguqulo yokuqala yengoma. Ngendlela, kusabhekwa njengesibonelo esiphelele se-minimalism emculweni.
Ekuqaleni kwawo-70s, wandisa ama-horizons akhe omculo. U-Hassela waqala ukukhangwa yi-repertoire yamaNdiya. Ngalesi sikhathi, uPandit Pran Nath othile, owafika e-USA ngenxa yezicelo zikaLaMonte Young, waba negunya lomculi.
UNath ukubeke kwacaca izinto ezimbili kulo mculi. Amaphimbo ayisisekelo sezisekelo, ukudlidliza okufihlwe kuyo yonke imisindo. Wabuye wabona ukuthi into eyinhloko akuwona amanothi, kodwa yini efihliwe phakathi kwabo.
UJohn waqaphela ukuthi ngemva kokuhlangana noNath, kwakuzodingeka alifunde futhi leli thuluzi. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, waqala ukwephula inkolelo-mbono mayelana nokukhala kwecilongo. Wazakhela owakhe umsindo, okwamvumela ukuthi adlale i-raga yamaNdiya ngecilongo. Ngendlela, akakaze abize umculo wakhe i-jazz. Kodwa, lesi sitayela savala imisebenzi kaHassell.
Ekupheleni kwe-70s yekhulu leminyaka elidlule, i-premiere ye-albhamu yokuqala yomculi yenzeka. Sikhuluma ngeqoqo le-Vernal Equinox. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-disc yabonisa ukuqala komqondo womculo owakhiwe nguye, kamuva owabiza ngokuthi "izwe lesine".
Wayevame ukubiza izingoma zakhe ngokuthi "umsindo owodwa we-primitive-futuristic oxuba izici zezitayela zobuhlanga zomhlaba kanye nobuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi obuthuthukisiwe." I-LP yokuqala idonse ukunaka kukaBrian Eno (omunye wabasunguli bohlobo lwe-ambient). Ekuqaleni kwawo-80s, uJon Hassell no-Eno bakhipha irekhodi elithi Possible Musics / Fourth World Vol. 1.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi eminyakeni ehlukene usebenze no-D. Silvian, P. Gabriel, A. Difranco, I. Heep, iqembu leTears for Fears. Kuze kube muva nje, uqambe imisebenzi yomculo. Ukuqinisekiswa kwalokhu yisitudiyo se-LP Seeing Through Sound (Pentimento Volume Two), esikhishwe ngo-2020. Ngempilo ende, washicilela amarekhodi e-studio ayi-17.
Isitayela somculi sikaJon Hassell
Waqamba igama elithi "izwe lesine". UJohane wasebenzisa i-electronic processing yokudlala icilongo lakhe. Abanye abagxeki babone ithonya lomculi uMiles Davis emsebenzini. Ikakhulukazi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-electronics, ukuvumelana kwe-modal kanye ne-lyricism evinjelwe. UJon Hassell wasebenzisa amakhibhodi, isiginci sikagesi nokushaywa. Le ngxube yenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuzuza imifantu yokulutha.
Ukushona komculi uJon Hassell
Umqambi nomculi udlule emhlabeni ngoJuni 26, 2021. Ukushona kwalo mculi kubikwe yizihlobo:
“Kwaphela unyaka uJohn elwa nalesi sifo. Ubehambile namhlanje ekuseni. Wayeyithanda kakhulu le mpilo, ngakho walwa kwaze kwaba sekugcineni. Wayefuna ukuhlanganyela okwengeziwe emculweni, ifilosofi nokubhala. Lokhu kuwukulahlekelwa okukhulu hhayi ezihlotsheni nakubangane kuphela, kodwa nakini balandeli abathandekayo.”
