Akunakwenzeka ukweqisa umnikelo kaLeonid Utyosov kuwo womabili isiko laseRussia nezwe. Abaningi be-culturologists abahamba phambili abavela emazweni ahlukene bambiza ngokuthi uhlakaniphile kanye nenganekwane yangempela, okufanele ngempela.
Ezinye izinkanyezi ze-pop zaseSoviet zasekuqaleni namaphakathi nekhulu lama-XNUMX zivele ziphele ngaphambi kwegama lika-Utyosov. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wayehlale ethi akazibheki njengomculi "omkhulu", ngoba, ngokombono wakhe, wayengenalo izwi nhlobo.
Nokho uthe izingoma zakhe zisuka enhliziyweni. Phakathi neminyaka yokuduma, izwi lomculi lalizwakala kuwo wonke amagilamafoni, umsakazo, amarekhodi akhululwa ngezigidi zamakhophi, futhi kwakunzima kakhulu ukuthenga ithikithi lokuya ekhonsathini ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi komcimbi.
Ebuntwaneni Leonid Utesov
Ngo-March 21 (March 9 ngokwekhalenda elidala), 1895, Lazar Iosifovich Vaisben wazalwa, owaziwa emhlabeni wonke ngaphansi kwegama Leonid Osipovich Utyosov.
UPapa, u-Osip Weissbein, ungumdluliseli wetheku e-Odessa, ohlukaniswa ngesizotha nokuthobeka.
Umama, uMalka Weisben (igama lentombi uGranik), wayenolaka olubi futhi oluqinile. Ngisho nabathengisi e-Odessa Privoz edumile bamgwema.
Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe, wazala izingane eziyisishiyagalolunye, kodwa, ngeshwa, kwabahlanu kuphela abasinda.
Umlingiswa weLedechka, njengoba izihlobo zakhe zimbiza, waya kunina. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, wayekwazi ukuvikela umbono wakhe isikhathi eside, uma eqiniseka ukuthi wayeqinisile ngokuphelele.
Umfana wayengesabi. Lapho esemncane, waphupha ukuthi lapho ekhula wayezoba isicishamlilo noma ukaputeni wasolwandle, kodwa ubungane nomakhelwane we-violinist bashintsha imibono yakhe ngekusasa - uLeonid omncane waba umlutha womculo.
Lapho eneminyaka engu-8, u-Utyosov waba umfundi wesikole sezentengiselwano sikaG. Faig. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-6 yokufunda, waxoshwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakungokokuqala ngqa ukuba umfundi axoshwe kuwo wonke umlando weminyaka engu-25 wesikole.
ULeonid waxoshwa ngenxa yentuthuko embi, ukulova njalo, ukungafuni ukufunda. Wayengenabo ubungane besayensi; izinto zokuzilibazisa eziyinhloko zika-Utyosov zazicula futhi zidlala izinsimbi zomculo ezihlukahlukene.
Ukuqala kwendlela yomsebenzi
Ngenxa yethalente elinikezwe ngokwemvelo nokuphikelela, ngo-1911 uLeonid Utyosov wangena esekisini laseBorodanov. Yilesi senzakalo lapho izazi eziningi zezamasiko zibheka khona ushintsho olukhulu empilweni yomdwebi.
Ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula ekuziqeqesheni nasekusebenzeni, le nsizwa yayizibophezele ekuthuthukiseni ikhono layo lokudlala i-violin.
Ngo-1912 wamenywa eqenjini le-Kremenchug Theatre of Miniatures. Kwakuseshashalazini lapho ahlangana khona nomculi odumile uSkavronsky, oweluleka uLena ukuba azithathele igama lesiteji. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, uLazar Weisben waba Leonid Utyosov.
Iqembu laseshashalazini elincane lavakashela cishe wonke amadolobha ezwekazi elikhulu. Abaculi bamukelwa eSiberia, e-Ukraine, eBelarus, eGeorgia, eMpumalanga Ekude, e-Altai, enkabeni yeRussia, esifundeni saseVolga. Ngo-1917, uLeonid Osipovich waba umnqobi womkhosi wama-coupletists, owawuseBelarusian Gomel.
Ukukhuphuka komsebenzi womculi
Ngo-1928, u-Utyosov waya eParis futhi wathandana nomculo we-jazz. Ngemva konyaka, wethula emphakathini uhlelo olusha lwe-jazz yaseshashalazini.
Ngo-1930, kanye nabaculi, walungiselela ikhonsathi entsha, eyayihlanganisa nemicabango ye-orchestra eyaqanjwa u-Isaak Dunaevsky. Izindaba ezimbalwa ezithokozisayo zixhunywe namanye amahithi ka-Leonid Osipovich angamakhulu.
Isibonelo, ingoma ethi "Kusuka ku-Odessa Kichman", eyayithandwa kakhulu, yezwakala e-reception ehlobene nokuhlenga amatilosi e-Chelyuskin steamer, nakuba ngaphambi kwalokho iziphathimandla zazinxuse ukuthi zingakwenzi obala.
By the way, isiqeshana sokuqala Soviet ngo-1939 wathwebula nge iqhaza lo mculi odumile. Ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe Enkulu, uLeonid Utyosov washintsha i-repertoire futhi wadala uhlelo olusha "Beat the enemy!". Naye, yena kanye ne-orchestra yakhe waya phambili ukuze alondoloze umoya we-Red Army.
Ngo-1942, umculi odumile waklonyeliswa isihloko Umculi Ahlonishwe RSFSR. Phakathi kwezingoma zezempi zokushisekela izwe u-Utyosov azenza phakathi nempi, lezi ezilandelayo zazithandwa kakhulu: "Katyusha", "Waltz Soldier", "Ngilinde", "Ingoma Yezintatheli Zempi".
Ngo-May 9, 1945, uLeonid wahlanganyela ekhonsathini enikezelwe uSuku Lokunqoba kweSoviet Union phezu kwe-fascism. Ngo-1965, Utyosov wathola isihloko Umculi Yabantu we-USSR.
Umsebenzi wefilimu kanye nempilo yomuntu siqu
Phakathi kwamafilimu lapho uLeonid Osipovich adlala khona, kufanelekile ukugqamisa amafilimu: "Imisebenzi kaSpirka Shpandyr", "Merry Fellows", "Aliens", "Dunaevsky's Melodies". Ngokokuqala ngqa, umculi uvele kuhlaka lwefilimu ethi "Lieutenant Schmidt - i-fighter yenkululeko."
Ngokusemthethweni, Utyosov washada kabili. Umkakhe wokuqala kwaba actress osemusha Elena Lenskaya, ahlangana naye kwelinye lamabhayisikobho e Zaporozhye ngo-1914. Indodakazi, u-Edith, yazalwa emshadweni. ULeonid no-Elena bahlala ndawonye iminyaka engu-48.
Ngo-1962, umculi waba umfelokazi. Nokho, ngaphambi kokufa kukaLena Utyosov, wathandana nomdansi u-Antonina Revels isikhathi eside, ashada naye ngo-1982. Ngeshwa, ngawo lowo nyaka, indodakazi yakhe yabulawa yi-leukemia, futhi ngo-March 9, naye wafa.
