Salikh Saydashev - Umqambi Tatar, umculi, umqhubi. USalih ungumsunguli womculo kazwelonke okhokhelwayo wezwe lakubo. U-Saidashev ungomunye we-maestro yokuqala eyanquma ukuhlanganisa umsindo wesimanje wezinsimbi zomculo nenganekwane kazwelonke. Wasebenzisana nababhali bemidlalo yamaTatar futhi waziwa ngokubhala inqwaba yezingoma zomculo weshashalazi.
Ubuntwana nobusha
Usuku lokuzalwa lukaMaestro lungoDisemba 3, 1900. Wazalelwa endaweni Kazan. Inhloko yomndeni ayizange iphile ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwendodana yayo. USalih waba yingane yeshumi ngokulandelana. Maye, kwasinda izingane ezimbili kuphela, okuhlanganisa noSalih. Izingane ezingu-10 zashona zisencane.
Umama womfana wayengumama wekhaya ojwayelekile. Ngemva kokufa kwenhloko yomndeni, zonke izinkinga zokukhulisa nokondla umndeni zawela emahlombe kaNasretdin Khamitov, umabhalane nomsizi weZamaletdin. Wathatha umzala wakhe uSalih waba umkakhe.
Lapho uSalih eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala, unina waqaphela ukuthi indodana yakhe yayikhula iwumntwana othanda umculo futhi onekhono. Amadili omndeni ayevame ukwenziwa endlini. Umfana wakhipha i-accordion kubantu abadala wathatha lo mculo ngendlebe. Waphinda wacofa imisindo emnandi nge-salt shaker engashiyi nelilodwa ilungu lomndeni linganakile.
Lapho eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, waya kofunda e-madrasah. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uNasretdin wafundisa u-Salih ukuhweba, kodwa lo mfana wayengenandaba neze nokuhweba futhi ngokuvamile wayevele abaleke emsebenzini. Ngaleso sikhathi, udadewabo kaSalih omdala washada noShibgay Akhmerov. Umyeni wakhe wayehlobene ngqo nobuntatheli kanye ne-pedagogy.
UShibgay wangena esikhundleni sikayise womfana. Wayeyindoda enenhliziyo enkulu. U-Akhmerov waqaphela amakhono omculo kaSalih futhi wamnika isipho esihle - wamnika upiyano olubizayo. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, le nsizwa ithatha izifundo zomculo kumqambi uZagidulla Yarullin.
Ekuqaleni konyaka we-14 wekhulu elidlule le nsizwa yaba umfundi wepiyano e-Kazan Music College ehlonishwayo. Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, wabhaliswa ku-orchestra, futhi ngemva konyaka uSalih wayezohlanganisa i-orchestra yakhe yokuqala.
Indlela yokudala kaSalikh Saydashev
Ngokuzithandela wagcina ezinhlwini Red Army. USalih wayenezakhe izinkolelo, futhi wayengeke abheke isimo samanje futhi aqhelelane nesimo samanje. Ngonyaka wama-22, wabuyela eKazan futhi lapho wangena esikhundleni senhloko yengxenye yomculo enkundleni yemidlalo yaseshashalazini.
U-Saidashev nomqondisi uKarim Tinchurin namuhla bafakwe ohlwini "obaba" bedrama yomculo yesiTatar. USalih uqambe ukuphelezela komculo ngesi-Tatar emikhiqizweni ka-Karim. Umdlalo othi "Hirer" ka-T. Gizzat udinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Kulo mkhiqizo, i-waltz kaSilakh Saidashev yobuhle obumangalisayo yazwakala. Namuhla, lo msebenzi ufakwe ohlwini lwemisebenzi eyaziwa kakhulu ye-maestro.
Ube esedala i-orchestra yasetiyetha. Ngo-1923 abaculi baqala ukuvela esiteji seState Theatre. Emuva kwesitendi sikakhondakta kwakunoSaidashev ofanayo.
Wayengumuntu oguquguqukayo. Yiqiniso, ukuphila kwakhe akuzange kuphele ngethiyetha kuphela. Ngo-1927, wathatha isikhundla sokuba umhleli womculo emsakazweni wendawo. Wazinikela emsebenzini. Umphumela usobala: wabeka izinhlelo ze-Russian-Tatar emoyeni, izingoma ngezilimi ezahlukene zizwakala emsakazweni, wabutha i-choir futhi wakhanga abantu abasha ukuba basebenze.
Isiqongo sokuthandwa komqambi uSalikh Saydashev
Ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-20s, uchitha isikhathi esiningi ekuvakasheni. Ngalesi sikhathi, wenza i-opera brilliant Sania, futhi ngo-1930, enhloko-dolobha yaseRussian Federation, opera Eshche, kanye idrama Il. Ukuduma kwe-maestro kwafinyelela umvuthwandaba ekupheleni kwawo-20.
Ababhali bokuphila komqambi babiza unyaka wama-34 wekhulu elidlule isikhathi saseMoscow somsebenzi kaSaidashev. Weza ukuzofunda enhloko-dolobha. Wangena eMoscow Conservatory. E-Moscow, Saidashev wafunda futhi wasebenza. Ngalesi sikhathi, ubhala inani elingelona iqiniso lezingoma namamashi. Lapha waqamba "March of the Soviet Army".
Ekupheleni kwawo-30, waklonyeliswa ngesihloko esithi Honored Worker of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Ababhali bomlando wokuphila babiza unyaka wama-39 unyaka wokugcina wempilo ejabulisayo nengenazinkathazo. Kwabe sekuqala isikhathi sokushushiswa nokuhlushwa. Umisiwe emsebenzini enkundleni yemidlalo yeshashalazi. Wathunyelwa edolobhaneni elincane laseLivadia ukuze akhulise isikhungo sendawo sokungcebeleka. Kodwa okubi kakhulu kwakulindelwe kuye kamuva. I-Association of Composers eKazan yagxeka umsebenzi we-maestro. Bazama ukumbhubhisa, bemncisha into ebaluleke kakhulu - ithuba lokudala nokuthuthukisa isiko lezwe lakubo.
Ngesikhathi sempi, isimo ngokushushiswa komqambi sabuyela emuva. Ukwazile ukubuyela enkundleni yemidlalo yeshashalazi. Uyaqhubeka nokuqhuba, ukubhala amaphuzu omculo wemidlalo kanye nokuvakasha kabanzi. I-maestro ayikaqapheli ukuthi isikhathi sempi siletha isikhathi soshintsho futhi lezi zinguquko zizothinta izibalo zamasiko.
Ekupheleni kwawo-40, umcabango onethonya u-Andrey Zhdanov "wahamba" phakathi kwabaqambi baseSoviet, ebanyathela ngokoqobo. U-Saidashev akazange aphinde abe sesimweni esihle kakhulu. Waxoshwa eshashalazini, akabange esaqhubeka nokudlala. Izingoma zakhe cishe azizwakalanga emsakazweni.
Imininingwane yempilo yomuntu siqu yomqambi
Ukwenyuka kokuqala okuphawulekayo kokusungula kuhlobene ngokuqondile nempilo yomuntu siqu. Ngama-20s, wahlangana nentombazane ebukekayo okuthiwa u-Valentina. Le ntombazane yazikhethela inyuvesi yezokwelapha, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, wayethanda umculo.
Bashada maphakathi nawo-20, futhi ngokushesha Valentina wanika umqambi indodana. Lona wesifazane washona ngo-1926 ngenxa yobuthi egazini. U-Saidashev wacasuka kakhulu ngokulahlekelwa uthando lwakhe lokuqala, ngaphandle kwalokho, wasala ezandleni zakhe nengane esanda kuzalwa.
U-Safiya Alpaeva - waba ngowesibili okhethiwe we-maestro. Ubesebenza njenge-cashier yaseshashalazini. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-20, wenza isiphakamiso somshado entombazaneni. Bahlukanisa ngemva kweminyaka emine.
U-Asiya Kazakov - unkosikazi wesithathu nowokugcina kaSaidashev. Bakwazile ukwakha umndeni oqinile futhi onobungane ngempela. Lo mshado wazala izingane ezintathu. U-Asiya wamukela indodana yokuqala yomqambi njengeyakhe.
Ukufa komqambi uSalikh Saydashev
Maphakathi nawo-50, impilo yomqambi yawohloka. Umshana uphakamise ukuthi ayohlolwa esibhedlela. Odokotela bathola isimila emaphashini. Odokotela bathumela uSaidashev ukuba ayohlinzwa, okwenzeka kwesinye sezibhedlela zaseMoscow. Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kwaba yimpumelelo. Ngokushesha wadluliselwa ewodini evamile.
Ewodini, wanquma ukusukuma, wahluleka ukumelana wawa. Lokhu kwabangela ukuba imithungo ihlukane futhi ibangele ukopha kwangaphakathi. Wafa ngoDisemba 16, 1954.
Ukuvalelisa ku-maestro kwenzeka e-State Theatre yaseKazan. Emcimbini womngcwabo, kwazwakala ingoma eyintandokazi ye-maestro, ayibhalela umkakhe wokuqala. Isidumbu sakhe singcwatshwe endaweni yaseNovo-Tatar. Ngo-1993, i-museum yavulwa endlini yakhe. Ochwepheshe bakwazi ukugcina "isimo" esijwayelekile sendlu lapho umqambi esebenza khona.
