U-Luigi Cherubini ungumqambi wase-Italy, umculi nothisha. U-Luigi Cherubini ungummeleli oyinhloko wohlobo lwe-opera yokuhlenga. I-maestro yachitha isikhathi esiningi sokuphila kwayo eFrance, kodwa isabheka uFlorence njengezwe lakubo.
I-Salvation opera iwuhlobo lwe-opera yamaqhawe. Emisebenzini yomculo yohlobo olwethuliwe, ukuvezwa okumangalisayo, isifiso sobumbano bokuqanjwa, inhlanganisela yezinto zobuqhawe kanye nezinhlobo zohlobo zifakiwe.
Imisebenzi yomculo ye-maestro yayithandwa hhayi yizicukuthwane zaseFrance kuphela, kodwa futhi nabaqambi abahlonishwayo. Ama-opera kaLuigi ayengaziwa kubantu abavamile. Emisebenzini yakhe, waphakamisa izinkinga zezenhlalo nezombangazwe zangaleso sikhathi.
Ubuntwana nobusha
I-maestro ivela eFlorence. Waba nenhlanhla yokuzalwa emndenini wokudala. Ubaba nomama bajabulela ngempela izinto zobuciko. Umndeni wazisa ngekhono ubuciko besintu kanye nobuhle bedolobha lakubo.
Inhloko yomkhaya yathola imfundo yomculo. Usebenze njengomphelezeli ePergola Theatre. U-Luigi Cherubini angabizwa ngokuphepha ngokuthi unenhlanhla. Ngezinye izikhathi ubaba wayethatha indodana yakhe aye emsebenzini, lapho ayethola khona ithuba lokubuka izenzo ezenzeka esiteji.
Kusukela esemncane, uLuigi wafunda ukuphawula komculo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukayise kanye nezivakashi ezingena endlini. Abazali baqaphela ukuthi indodana inikezwe ithalente elikhethekile. ICherubini yakwazi ukuzikhandla izinsimbi zomculo eziningana. Wayenendlebe enhle futhi ethanda ukuqamba izingcezu zomculo.
Befisa impilo engcono yendodana yabo, abazali bakhe bamthumela eBologna kuGiuseppe Sarti. Lona wakamuva wawuvele unesimo sokuba ngumqambi nombhidisi owaziwayo. ULuigi waba umngane nomfundisi omkhulu, futhi ngemvume yakhe waya ezixukwini zamasonto ababhishobhi. Le nsizwa yaphinde yanikezwa ithuba lokungena emtatsheni wezincwadi ocebile wakwaSarti.
Ngokushesha wasebenzisa ulwazi ayelutholile. I-maestro isethi mayelana nokubhala imisebenzi yomculo yezinsimbi eziningana. Wabe esengenela i-opera. Ngokushesha wethula i-Ilgiocatore Intermezzo emphakathini.
Indlela yokudala yomqambi uLuigi Cherubini
Ngo-1779, i-opera ekhaliphile u-Quint Fabius yadlalwa okokuqala ngqa. Lo msebenzi wawudlalwa kwenye yemidlalo yaseshashalazini eFrance. U-Luigi, owayengakaze abe umuntu omdala, ngokungalindelekile kubangane nezihlobo, wazuza impumelelo nokuthandwa kokuqala. Ngomsebenzi owenziwe, umqambi wezimfundamakhwela uthole inkokhelo enkulu.
Waqala ukuthola ama-oda avela eYurophu. ULuigi waba nethuba lokuduma emhlabeni wonke. Ngokumenywa uGeorge III, wathuthela eNgilandi. Esigodlweni senkosi, wahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, wacebisa i-piggy bank yomculo ngemisebenzi embalwa emincane.
Waba negalelo elingenakuphikwa ekuthuthukiseni i-opera yase-Italy yangaleso sikhathi. Esiteji semidlalo yaseshashalazini yase-Italy, abaqondisi badlala "i-opera seria", eyayidingeka emibuthanweni ye-elite. Phakathi kwemisebenzi yomculo edumile ka-1785-1788 kukhona ama-opera uDemetrius no-Iphigenia e-Aulis.
Ukuthuthela komqambi eFrance
Ngokushesha waba nethuba lokuhlala eFrance isikhashana. Wasebenzisa ngokunenzuzo isikhundla sakhe futhi wahlala kuleli zwe elimibalabala kwaze kwaba yilapho eneminyaka engu-55 ubudala. Ngalesi sikhathi, uyayithanda imibono yeNguquko Enkulu.
U-Luigi wachitha isikhathi esiningi ebhala izingoma zesonto namamashi. Ubuye ahlanganise imidlalo yeshashalazi, inhloso yayo okuwukubandakanya isibalo esiphezulu sabantu enkingeni yezenhlalo nezepolitiki. Kusuka epeni le-maestro kuvela i-"Hymn to the Pantheon" kanye "neHymn to the Brotherhood". Izingoma zomculo ziyichaza kahle imicabango yamaFulentshi ngesikhathi seNguquko Enkulu.
U-Luigi washiya ama-canons omculo wase-Italy. I-maestro ingabizwa ngokuphepha ngokuthi i-innovator, ngoba "ingubaba" wohlobo olufana ne-"opera-rescue". Emisebenzini emisha yomculo, usebenzisa ngenkuthalo izindlela ezavela ngemuva kwezinguquko zomculo "Glukovsky". U-Eliza, uLodoiska, Isijeziso kanye nesiboshwa - lezi kanye nenqwaba yezinye izingoma zihlukaniswa ngokucaca, izingxenye ezilula nokuphelela kwamafomu.
Ngokushesha uLuigi wethula izethameli emsebenzini othi "Medea". I-opera yadlalwa esiteji seshashalazi yaseFrance i-Feydo. Izilaleli zamukele ngokufudumele ukudalwa komqambi. Baqoke ama-recitatives nama-arias, abawaphathise ukuthi awenze ku-tenor okhaliphile uPierre Gaveau.
Isiteji esisha empilweni ye-maestro uLuigi Cherubini
Ngo-1875, uLuigi nozakwabo basungula iParis Conservatoire. Wakhuphukela esikhundleni sokuba uprofesa, ezibonisa njengochwepheshe beqiniso emkhakheni wakhe.
Umaestro wafundisa uJacques Francois Fromental Halévy. Umfundi, ngaphansi kokuqondisa komqambi onekhono, wabhala izincwadi eziningi ezamlethela impumelelo nokuduma. U-Jacques wafunda izisekelo zokuqamba ezincwadini zeCherubini.
Lapho uNapoleon eyinhloko yeFrance, uLuigi wakwazi ukulondoloza isimo sakhe esisebenze kanzima. Nokho, bathi umkhuzi omkhulu omusha ngokungananazi akawuthandanga umsebenzi wamaKherubini. I-maestro kwadingeka ichithe isikhathi esiningi ukuze ikhuthaze imisebenzi kaPygmalion no-Abenseraghi kubantu abaningi.
Lapho kuqala i-Bourbon Restoration, i-maestro yahlupheka kakhulu. Wayengakwazi ukubhala izingcezu ezinkulu zomculo, ngakho wayeneliswa ukubhala izingcezu ezincane. Inqwaba yokugcotshwa kukaLouis XVIII kanye nokuqedwa kwekhonsathi ka-1815 kwathakaselwa umphakathi wendawo.
Namuhla igama lika-Luigi lihlotshaniswa ne-Requiem ku-C Minor. I-maestro yanikezela ukwakheka ku-Louis Capeta, inkosi yokugcina "yehlelo elidala. Umqambi akakwazanga ukuziba indikimba yomthandazo obabazekayo othi "Ave Maria".
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-piggy bank yomculo we-maestro yagcwaliswa ngomunye umdlalo we-opera ongafi. Sikhuluma ngomsebenzi womculo we-Marquis de Brevilliers. Ukwethulwa kwe-opera kwenza umphakathi waseFrance wahlaba umxhwele. U-Luigi wakwazi ukuphinda kabili ukuthandwa kwakhe.
Imininingwane yempilo yomuntu siqu ye-maestro
Amahemuhemu athi umqambi wayethanda imibono yozungu. Kunamaqiniso okuthi wayeyilungu le-Masonic lodge. Lokhu kwaphoqa i-maestro ukuba ibe khona emphakathini wamadoda ayimfihlo. Mhlawumbe kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi ababhali be-biographer abakwazanga ukuthola noma yiluphi ulwazi mayelana nokuphila kwakhe siqu uLuigi.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngomqambi
- Wabhala ama-opera angamashumi amathathu. Namuhla, esiteji semidlalo yaseshashalazini, ungakwazi ukujabulela ukukhiqizwa kwemisebenzi ethi "Medea" ne "Vodovoz".
- Ukuduma kwe-maestro kwafinyelela inani eliphakeme ngawo-1810.
- I-opera yokugcina kaCherubini, u-Ali Baba (Ali-Baba ou Les quarante voleurs), yakhululwa ngo-1833.
- Umsebenzi womculi washintsha kusukela ku-classicism kuya ku-romanticism.
- Lapho uBeethoven ebuzwa ngo-1818 ukuthi ubani owayembheka njengomfundisi omkhulu wesikhathi samanje, waphendula: "Cherubini".
Ukufa kukaMaestro Luigi Cherubini
Uchithe iminyaka eyishumi yokugcina njengenhloko yeParis Conservatoire. Wabuye waqala ukubhala incwadi ethi Course in Counterpoint and Fugue. ULuigi wachitha isikhathi esiningi efunda nabafundi bakhe.
Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe, wayehlala endlini enkabeni yeParis, ngakho ngemva kokufa kwakhe wayiswa emathuneni asePere Lachaise. Wafa ngo-March 15, 1842. Emngcwabeni womqambi omkhulu kwenziwa enye yezingoma zamaCherubini.
