UNino Rota ungumqambi, umculi, uthisha. Phakathi nomsebenzi wakhe omude wokudala, i-maestro yaqokwa izikhathi eziningana emiklomelo ehlonishwayo ye-Oscar, Golden Globe kanye ne-Grammy.
Ukuduma kwe-maestro kukhuphuke kakhulu ngemuva kokubhala okuhambisana nomculo kumafilimu aqondiswa uFederico Fellini noLuchino Visconti.
Ubuntwana nobusha
Usuku lokuzalwa lomqambi lungoDisemba 3, 1911. UNino wazalelwa eMilan enemibalabala. Wayemiselwe ukuba ngomunye wabaqambi abanethonya elikhulu ekhulwini lama-XNUMX.
Lapho eneminyaka engu-7, wahlala phansi epiyano okokuqala ngqa. Umama wafundisa indodana yakhe ukudlala insimbi yomculo, njengoba kwakuyisiko lomkhaya wabo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, u-Nino Rota wahlaba umxhwele wonke umndeni ngokuthuthuka kwasekuqaleni.
Lapho umfana eneminyaka engu-11 ubudala, inhloko yomndeni yafa. Wayengahloselwe ukuya ekhonsathini okwakucula kuyo indodana yakhe ekhaliphile. Esiteji, u-Nino wadlala i-oratorio yokwakheka kwakhe. Izingoma ezinjalo kunzima ukuzibhala ngisho nakubaqambi abanolwazi. Iqiniso lokuthi eneminyaka engu-11 umfana wakwazi ukuqamba ucezu lomculo wezinga elinjalo wakhuluma ngento eyodwa kuphela - ubuhlakani benza phambi kwezilaleli.
I-Oratorio iwucezu lomculo wekhwaya, abacula ngabodwana kanye ne-orchestra. Ngaphambili, izingoma eziqanjiwe zazibhalelwe imiBhalo Engcwele kuphela. Ukudlondlobala kwe-oratorio kwafika ngekhulu le-XNUMX, ngesikhathi sika-Bach no-Handel.
Ngemva kokushona kwenhloko yomndeni, umama, u-Ernest Rinaldi, wakhulisa indodana yakhe. Umama kaNino wayengumdlali wopiyano ohlonishwayo, ngakho waba nethuba lokusebenza kanzima nalo mfana. Ukufa kukapapa kwashaqisa uNino, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, imizwelo abhekana nayo yaphefumulela umfana ukuba enze i-oratorio. Kwenye yezingxoxo, uyakhumbula:
“Bengizihlalele ekhaya ngidlala insimbi yomculo engiyithandayo. Ngenkathi ontanga yami beyimilutha yemidlalo yezingane ... ".
Ekuqaleni kwawo-20, umsebenzi womqambi osemusha wenziwa ngaphakathi kwezindonga zehholo lekhonsathi laseParis. Ngaleso sikhathi, uNino wayeneminyaka engu-13 kuphela ubudala. Wethula ezilalelini ezifuna umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala omkhulu - i-opera, eyabhalwa ngokusekelwe emsebenzini ka-Andersen. Ngenhlanhla, eminye yemisebenzi eyabhalwa nguNino ngaphambi kuka-1945 igcinwe ezinqolobaneni. Iningi lemisebenzi yomqambi yashiswa ngesikhathi kuqhuma ibhomu eMilan, futhi ochwepheshe bahluleka ukubuyisela imisebenzi.
Indlela yokudala ye-Nino Rota
Abagxeki bomculo bakhuluma ngokufudumele ngemisebenzi yokuqala ye-maestro. Okokuqala, ochwepheshe bafumbathiswa ubuqotho bemisebenzi yomculo, kanye nokuceba kwabo kanye "nokuvuthwa". Ufaniswe noMozart. U-Nino Rota wayengakafiki eminyakeni yobudala, kodwa wayesevele enesimo esithile endaweni yokudala.
Kunezikhathi lapho umqambi ayecija khona ulwazi lwakhe ezikhungweni zemfundo zaseRoma, eMilan, ePhiladelphia. UNino uthole iziqu zakhe e-United States. Ngama-30s ekhulwini elidlule, waqala ukufundisa. Khona-ke emculweni wakhe kwase kukhona umsebenzi owodwa umqambi awubhalele ifilimu kaR. Matarazzo.
Maphakathi nawo-40s, wabhala izingoma eziningi ezihambisana nomculo wamafilimu omqondisi okhaliphile uR. Castellani. I-maestro izosebenza naye izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa. Ukubambisana okunezithelo kwamadoda kuzoholela ekutheni igama likaNino Rota lizozwakala emcimbini wodumo lwemiklomelo yamafilimu.
Umculo wakhe uvezwa kumafilimu ngu: A. Lattuada, M. Soldati, L. Zampa, E. Dannini, M. Camerini. Ekuqaleni kwawo-50, ifilimu ethi "White Sheik" yasakazwa ezikrinini. UNino waba nenhlanhla yokusebenza noFellini ngokwakhe. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi inqubo yomsebenzi wezihlakaniphi ezimbili yaqhubeka ngendlela engavamile kakhulu.
U-Nino Rota usebenzisana noFellini
UFellini wayenomlingisi ongajwayelekile. Akazange akwazi ukuthola ulimi oluvamile nabalingisi nabasizi. U-Nino Rota ngandlela thize ukwazile ukuba seqophelweni elifanayo nomqondisi ofuna kanzima. Ukuqoshwa kwamafilimu cishe kwakuhlale kwenziwa ngokwakhiwa kwengoma yomsindo.
UFellini wayeveza imicabango yakhe ku-maestro, ngokuvamile wayekwenza ngomzwelo wakhe ovamile. Ingxoxo phakathi kwabadali ababili yenzeka ngesikhathi i-maestro ikupiyano. Ngemuva kokuthi uFellini echaze ukuthi ulubona kanjani ucezu lomculo, uNino wadlala lo mculo. Ngezinye izikhathi umqambi wayelalela izifiso zomqondisi, ehlezi esihlalweni evale amehlo. Wayekwazi ukucula ingoma efika engqondweni ngesikhathi u-Nino eqhuba ngesikhathi esifanayo. UFellini noNino babengahlangene nje kuphela ngezithakazelo ezivamile zokudala, kodwa futhi nobungane obuqinile.
Ngokuqala kokuduma, umqambi akagcinanga ngokubhala imisebenzi yomculo yamafilimu kuphela. UNino wasebenza kuhlobo lwakudala. Ukuze impilo ende yokudala, wakwazi ukubhala i-ballet, ama-opera ayishumi kanye nama-symphonies ambalwa. Lolu wuhlangothi olungaziwa kancane lomsebenzi kaRoth. Abathandi besimanje bemisebenzi yakhe bathanda kakhulu izingoma zamakhasethi.
Ekupheleni kweminyaka engu-60 yekhulu leminyaka elidlule, uF. Zeffirelli wathwebula umdlalo othi Romeo and Juliet. Umqondisi uwuphathe ngokucophelela umbhalo wombhali. Kule filimu, imidlalo eyinhloko eya kubadlali abaneminyaka yobudala ehambisana neminyaka yabalingiswa bakaShakespeare. Akuyona indawo yokugcina ekudumeni komdlalo okufanele inikezwe ukuphelezelwa komculo. U-Nino uqambe ukwakheka okuyinhloko eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwe-tape - yokukhiqiza yaseshashalazini kaZeffirelli.
Lapho u-Nino eqamba imisebenzi yomculo, wayecabangela isakhiwo kanye nezici zabalingiswa abayinhloko. Ukwakheka ngakunye, okukhishwe esibayeni se-maestro, kunongwe nge-Italian "pepper". Imiculo ye-maestro itholakala enhlekeleleni nasemoyeni.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ochwepheshe abazange bayithathe ngokungathi sína imisebenzi yakudala ye-maestro. Wayebhekwa njengengcweti yomculo wefilimu. Lesi simo samcasula ngokungananazi uNino. Maye, ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe akazange akwazi ukufakazela abalandeli bakhe ukuthi amakhono akhe okudala abanzi kakhulu kunalokho okungase kubonakale ekuqaleni.
Imininingwane yempilo yomuntu siqu yomqambi
Wayengumuntu ovaliwe. UNino wayengathandi ukuvumela abantu angabazi empilweni yakhe. URota akazange anikeze izingxoxo futhi akazange asakaze imininingwane ngezindaba zenhliziyo.
Wayengashadile. Ngama-70s wekhulu leminyaka elidlule, kwakunamahemuhemu mayelana nokuthambekela kobulili okungezona kwendabuko komqambi. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile kwavela ukuthi wayenendodakazi yobulili. U-Rota wayesebudlelwaneni nomdlali wopiyano isikhathi esithile, futhi wazala ingane eyinyumba ku-maestro.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana ne-maestro
- Ubhale okuhambisana nomculo kumafilimu angaphezu kuka-150.
- Igama lomqambi liyi-conservatory edolobheni laseMonopoli - Conservatorio Nino Rota.
- Ekuqaleni kwawo-70s, umdlalo omude, owawuhlanganisa nomculo ovela ku-The Godfather, waba i-albhamu edayise kakhulu. Irekhodi laliphethe lesi simo isikhathi esingangezinyanga eziyisithupha.
- Efilimu kaFellini ethi "Eight and Half", akabonakali nje njengombhali womculo, kodwa futhi njengomdlali. Yiqiniso, uNino uthole indima ye-cao.
- Wayekwazi ukukhuluma isiRashiya kancane.
Ukufa kukaNino Rota
Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila komqambi yayinezigigaba ngendlela efanayo. Wadlala esiteji kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe. Umaestro udlule emhlabeni eneminyaka engu-67 ngesikhathi esebenza efilimini kaFellini. Inhliziyo ka-Nino yayeka ukushaya isigamu sehora ngemva kokuphela kokuzilolonga kwe-orchestra. Washona ngo-April 10, 1979.
