I-Muddy Waters ingumuntu odumile futhi ngisho nehlelo. Umculi wema emsuka wokubunjwa kwe-blues. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isizukulwane siyamkhumbula njengomshayi wesigingci owaziwayo kanye nesithonjana somculo waseMelika. Ngenxa yokuqanjwa kwe-Muddy Waters, isiko laseMelika lidalelwe izizukulwane ezimbalwa ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Umculi waseMelika ube ugqozi lwangempela lwe-British blues yasekuqaleni kwawo-1960. U-Muddy ubekwe endaweni ye-17 phakathi kwabaculi abayi-100 Abakhulu Kunazo Zonke Isikhathi Sohlwini lukaRolling Stone.
Abaningi bakhumbula uMuddy ebonga ingoma ethi Mannish Boy, eyagcina isiwuphawu lwalo mculi. Ngaphandle kwamazwi kaWaters anamandla, kanye nezingxenye zakhe zesiginci ezihlabayo, mhlawumbe iChicago ibingeke ibe idolobha lomculo.
Umsebenzi womdwebi awuzange ube "nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi". Izingoma zamanzi zingazwakala kumafilimu nochungechunge lwe-TV. Inani elibalulekile lezinguqulo zekhava zidalelwe amathrekhi omculi.
UMatty Waters wangeniswa eBlues Hall of Fame ngo-1980 kanye neRock and Roll Hall of Fame ngo-1987. Ekuqaleni kwawo-1990, waklonyeliswa ngokufa kwakhe ngendondo ye-Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-US Postal Service yafaka isithombe salo mculi esitembuni samasenti angu-29.
Ubuntwana nobusha baseMuddy Waters
Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe, umculi wakhuluma ngokuzalelwa eRolling Fork, Mississippi, ngo-1915. Nokho, lolu lwazi alukwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi luthembekile.
Usaziwayo wakusasa wazalelwa eJug's Corner endaweni engumakhelwane i-Issaquena County (Mississippi) ngo-1913. Kutholwe imibhalo eqinisekisa ukuthi ngeminyaka yawo-1930 no-1940 uMuddy wabika ukuthi wazalwa ngo-1913. Lolu suku lukhonjisiwe esitifiketini somshado.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi uMaddy ukhuliswe ngugogo wakhe. Unina washona ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa kwendodana yakhe. Ugogo wetha umzukulu wakhe uMuddy, okusho ukuthi "ukungcola" ngesiNgisi, ngenxa yothando lwakhe lokudlala odakeni. Ukwakha umsebenzi wokudala, umculi osemusha wathatha igama lokuqamba elithi Muddy Water. Ngemva kwesikhashana, wenza ngaphansi kwegama elithi Muddy Waters.
Ngomculo, u-Muddy wajwayelana ne-harmonica. Lapho ineminyaka engu-17 ubudala, le nsizwa yayisivele isidlala isiginci. Khona-ke wayengenayo indlela yakhe yokucula izingoma. Walingisa ama-bluesmen of the 1940s and 1950s.
Uthando lwama-blues lwaqala ngemuva kokulalela izingoma zikaCharlie Patton, uRobert Johnson, kanye neSun House. Lesi sakamuva kwakuyisithombe soMuddy sangempela. Ngokushesha, umculi osemusha wakwazi ngokuzimela umdlalo wesiginci we-battleneck. Insizwa yafaka intamo yebhodlela ephukile emunweni ophakathi. Ngafunda “ukuzigibela” ngokukhala ezintanjeni zesiginci.
Indlela yokudala ye-Muddy Waters
Ngo-1940, u-Muddy wahamba wayonqoba iChicago. Umculi osemusha wadlala noSilas Green. Ngemva konyaka, wabuyela Mississippi. Bekungesona isikhathi esihle kakhulu empilweni yomculi. Amanzi asebenzisa ukukhanya kwenyanga, achitha isikhathi esiningi endaweni yokucima ukoma ene-jukebox.
1941 kwashintsha konke. Kulo nyaka u-Alan Lomax weza eStovall, Mississippi egameni leLibrary of Congress. Waphathiswa ukuqopha abaculi bezwe abahlukahlukene kanye nama-bluesmen. U-Alan ukwazile ukuqopha ingoma kaWaters Muddy.
Ngemva konyaka, u-Lomax wabuya futhi ezoqopha kabusha u-Muddy. Zombili izikhathi zifakwe ekuhlanganisweni kwe-Down On Stovall's Plantation kulebula edumile yeTestamente. Ukuqoshwa okuphelele kungatholakala ku-disc Muddy Waters: The Complete Plantation Recordings.
Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, u-Muddy waphinde waya eChicago. Wazama ukuthola umsebenzi wesikhathi esigcwele njengomculi. Ekuqaleni, lo mfana wathatha noma yimuphi umsebenzi - wasebenza njengomshayeli, ngisho ne-loader.
UBig Bill Broonzy ufake isandla ekutheni u-Muddy ashiye umsebenzi ongafanelwe yithalente lakhe. Usize ithalente elincane ukuthi lithole umsebenzi ekilabhini yendawo yaseChicago. Ngokushesha uJoe Grant (uMalume Muddy) wamthengela isiginci sikagesi. Ekugcineni, ithalente likaWaters laqashelwa.
Ngemva konyaka, umculi wakwazi ukuqopha amathrekhi ambalwa kaMayo Williams e-Columbia University. Nokho, izingoma azizange zishicilelwe ngaleso sikhathi. Ngo-1946, umculi wazama ukusebenzisana ne-Aristocrat Records.
Ngo-1947, lo mculi wadlala nomdlali wepiyano uSunnywell Slim ekusikeni kweGypsy Woman kanye noLittle Anna Mae. Ngeshwa, ngeke kushiwo ukuthi ukuthandwa kukaMuddy kunyukile. Wayesalokhu enganakiwe abalandeli beblues.
Ukufika kokuduma
Isimo sashintsha ngo-1948 ngemva kokwethulwa kwengoma ethi, Angikwazi Ukwaneliswa I Feel Like Going Home. Izingoma ezishiwo zaba yizingoma zangempela. Ukuduma kuka-Muddy kukhule izikhathi ezingamakhulu amaningana. Ngemuva kwalokho, ilebula i-Aristocrat Records yashintsha igama yaba yiChess Records, kwathi ingoma kaMuddy ethi Rollin' Stone yaba nengoma yangempela.
Abanikazi belebula abamvumelanga u-Muddy ukuthi asebenzise isiginci sakhe esidlalayo ngesikhathi sokuqoshwa kwamathrekhi. Ukuze benze lokhu, bameme "bassist" yabo noma abaculi ababehlangene ngokukhethekile ukuze baqophe iseshini.
Ukusungulwa kweqembu
Kodwa abanikazi bamalebula basheshe bahoxa. U-Muddy ujoyine ibhendi eyodwa ye-blues eyisithonjana kakhulu emhlabeni. Amanzi adlale i-harmonica, uJimmie Rodgers wadlala isiginci, u-Elga Edmonds wadlala izigubhu kwathi u-Otis Spann wadlala upiyano.
Abathandi bomculo bajabulele izingoma ezithi: Hoochie Coochie Man, I Just Want Make Love To You, I'm Ready. Ngemuva kokwethulwa kwalezi zingoma, bonke abaculi, ngaphandle kokukhetha, bavuke bedumile.
Ngo-Little Walter kanye no-Howlin' Wolf, Amanzi abusa ekuqaleni kwawo-1950 endaweni ye-Chicago blues. Amanye amathalente asemasha ajoyina iqembu labaculi.
Ukuqoshwa kweqembu bekudume kakhulu eNew Orleans, Chicago kanye nesifunda saseDelta e-United States. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950, ibhendi yaletha amablues abo kagesi eNgilandi. U-Muddy wabe esethola isikhundla sokuba yinkanyezi yamazwe ngamazwe.
Ngemva kohambo oluyimpumelelo lwase-England, u-Muddy wandisa kakhulu izilaleli zabalaleli. Kuhlanganisa nomculi kudonse ukunaka komphakathi we-rock and roll. Umdlalo weNewport Jazz Festival ngo-1960 wathatha umsebenzi kaWaters wafinyelela kwelinye izinga. Umculi uhambisana nezikhathi, ngakho ama-blues akhe kagesi angena ngokuphelele esizukulwaneni esisha.
"Electro Witchcraft" by Muddy Waters
I-Muddy Waters "ungubaba" nomdali wama-electro blues anamandla. Lokhu okusha kube nomthelela ekuveleni kwabaculi be-rock bakusasa. Izingoma zomculo iMannish Boy, Hoochie Coochie Man, Got My Mojo Workin, I'm Ready and I Just Want Make Love To You zakha endaweni yomculi isithombe seciko elingaqondakali nelocansi. Empeleni, lesi sithombe sakha isisekelo senkanyezi ye-rock. Isizukulwane esilandelayo safuna ukwenza umkhondo onjalo nje nxazonke.
Ngo-1967, umculi wahlangana noBo Diddley, Little Walter kanye noHowlin 'Wolfe. Ngokushesha abaculi bakhipha amaqoqo amaningana afanelekayo.
Ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu, uMuddy wabuyela eNgilandi ukuyoqopha iLondon Muddy Waters Sessions noRory Gallagher, uSteve Winwood, uRic Grech noMitch Mitchell. Abagxeki baphawule ukuthi indlela abaculi abacula ngayo ayifinyeleli ezingeni elithile. Ochwepheshe babe nomuzwa wokuthi umphakathi ngeke uwathande amathrekhi anjalo.
Ngo-1976, uWaters wadlala uhambo lokuvalelisa neqembu lakhe. Ikhonsathi ikhishwe njengefilimu yi-The Last Waltz. Nokho, lokhu bekungekona okokugcina komculi esiteji.
Ngemva konyaka, uJohnny Winter nelebuli yakhe yeBlue Sky basayina isivumelwano noMuddy. Kwakuwukubambisana okunezithelo. Ngokushesha i-discography yomculi yaphinde yagcwaliswa nge-LP, Hard Again. Naphezu kwemizamo yomculi, wehlulekile ukuphinda impumelelo yeminyaka engu-10 edlule.
Impilo yomuntu siqu ye-Muddy Waters
NgoNovemba 20, 1932, umculi washada noMabel Bury. Naphezu kwezimemezelo ezifungelwe zothando, lo wesifazane washiya uMaddy eminyakeni emithathu kamuva. Wayengakwazi ukuthethelela umyeni wakhe ngokuvukela umbuso.
Isizathu sokuhlukanisa kwaba ukuzalwa kwengane komunye wesifazane, uLeola waseSpain oneminyaka engu-16. Wayengenye yezintombi zakhe kanye nabathandekayo. Umculi akakaze athembise intombazane ukushada naye, wayengumfazi wakhe othembekile nomngane wakhe.
Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, umngane kaMuddy washona ngenxa yomdlavuza. Lo mculi uphatheke kabi ngokushonelwa othandekayo. Kwadingeka nokuba afune usizo lwezokwelapha.
Wahlangana nonkosikazi wakhe wesibili eFlorida. Owamkhetha kwakunguMarva Jean Brooks oneminyaka engu-19, ambiza ngokuthi Sunshine.
I-Muddy Waters: amaqiniso athakazelisayo
- Elinye lamaculo ka-Muddy elithi Rolling Stone linikeze igama kumagazini womculo odumile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngaphansi kwaleli gama, iqoqo elaziwa emhlabeni wonke laqala ukwenza.
- Amathrekhi amaningana omculi afakwe ohlwini - Izingoma ezingu-500 eziShaped Rock and Roll.
- Ngo-2008, kwakhululwa ifilimu yeCadillac Records, indima kaMuddy Waters yadlalwa nguJeffrey Wright.
- Isitatimende esidumile somculi sizwakala: "I-blues yami iyiblues enzima kakhulu emhlabeni engadlalwa ...".
Ukufa Kwamanzi Odaka
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1980, impilo yomdwebi yawohloka kakhulu. Ukusebenza kokugcina kukaMuddy kwakusekhonsathini yeqembu lika-Eric Clapton eFlorida ekwindla ka-1982.
Ngo-April 30, 1983, inhliziyo kaMuddy Waters yema. Isidumbu salo mculi sangcwatshwa emathuneni ase-Restvale Alsip (Illinois). Umngcwabo ubusesidlangalaleni. Abalandeli nozakwabo esiteji bafike ohambweni lokugcina lwalo mculi.
