UPatti Smith ungumculi we-rock odumile. Uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "unkulunkulukazi we-punk rock". Ngenxa ye-albhamu yokuqala ethi Horses, isidlaliso savela. Leli rekhodi laba neqhaza elikhulu ekwakhiweni kwe-punk rock.
UPatti Smith wenza izinyathelo zakhe zokuqala zokudala emuva ngeminyaka yawo-1970s esiteji seklabhu yaseNew York i-CBG. Ngokuphathelene nekhadi elivakashile lomculi, lena, vele, ithrekhi Ngoba Ubusuku. Ukwakhiwa kwaqoshwa ngokubamba iqhaza kukaBruce Springsteen. Ingoma ifike kunombolo-20 ku-Billboard 100.
Ngo-2005, uPatti wanikezwa i-French Order of Arts and Letters. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, igama lalo saziwayo lafakwa ku-Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Ubuntwana nobusha bukaPatricia Lee Smith
UPatricia Lee Smith (igama langempela lomculi) wazalwa ngoDisemba 30, 1946 eChicago. Kusobala ukuthi ithalente likaPatti Smith lokucula walidlulisela kuye livela kunina, uBeverly Smith. Ngesinye isikhathi, umama wodumo lwekusasa wasebenza njengoweta nomculi.
Ubaba uGrant Smith akazange ahlotshaniswe nokudala. Wasebenza efemini. UPatty unezingane zakwabo. Umndeni wakwaSmith wawuhlala eChicago kwaze kwaba ngu-1949. Ngemva kwalokho bathuthela edolobheni lesifundazwe laseWoodbury.
Ezingxoxweni zakhe lo saziwayo uveze ukuthi unobudlelwano obunzima nabafunda nabo. Into engcono kakhulu ongayisho ukuthi uPatty wayengenabo abangane. Esikhundleni sokuchitha isikhathi edlala nabangane, wayelalela umculo futhi afunde nezincwadi.
Imbongi eyintandokazi yale ntombazane kwakungumFulentshi u-Arthur Rimbaud, futhi umculi kwakunguJimi Hendrix. Lapho esemusha, le ntombazane yayinesithakazelo kusiko lwe-beatnik futhi yafunda izincwadi zokubhala zalo mkhuba.
Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme, uPatti wafunda e-Glassboro. Ngokutadisha akuzange kusebenze kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala. Iqiniso ukuthi intombazane yathola ukuthi ikhulelwe. Ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane, uSmith wayinikela ukuze ithathwe.
UPatti Smith wayengaziboni njengomama. Waphishekela imigomo ehluke ngokuphelele - ukuthola umsebenzi, ukunqoba i-New York futhi enze esiteji. Wakwazi ukufeza ngokugcwele izinhlelo zakhe ngo-1967.
UPatti Smith: Ukuzitholela Wena
E-New York, ngokushesha wathola umsebenzi esitolo sezincwadi. Ngendlela, kulapho ngahlangana khona noRobert Mapplethorpe. Lo mbhangqwana wawunobuhlobo bothando, futhi lokhu naphezu kwamahemuhemu mayelana nobungqingili bukaRobert.
Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, uSmith waya eParis, lapho ahlala khona cishe iminyaka emibili. Intombazane yayiziphilisa ngokudlala futhi okuhambisana nalokhu yafundela ubuciko obuhle.
Ngokushesha uPatti Smith wabuyela eNew York. Waqhubeka ehlala ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa noMapplethorpe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, intombazane yakha umsebenzi wayo wedrama nezinkondlo. UPatti wabamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni zikaSam Shepard futhi wasebenza ezinkondlweni.
Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, uPatti Smith wahlangana noLenny Kay. Ngemva kwengxoxo ezuzisayo, baqaphela ukuthi umculo wabo owuthandayo uyavumelana. U-Lenny noPatty banquma ukwakha iphrojekthi ehlangene. Ngakho, uSmith wafunda izinkondlo, futhi uLenny wadlala isiginci. I-tandem yabo yabonakala ikhanya futhi inenjongo. Abantu abanamakhono basheshe babonwa ngumphakathi.
Umsebenzi wokudala kaPatti Smith
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-duet yathatha indawo ekhethekile esiteji. Ekuqaleni, uPatti noLenny kwadingeka baphendukele enkonzweni yabaculi baseseshini. Kamuva bavumelana ngokuthi kudingeka kwandiswe iqembu.
Entwasahlobo ka-1974, uSmith noLenny bajoyinwa uRichard Saul. Ngosizo lukaRob Mapplethorpe, laba abathathu bakhiphe ukwakheka komculo wabo wokuqala (ngaphambi kwalokho babekhiphe izinguqulo zekhava kuphela) i-Electric Lady. Ukuze aqophe, uSmith wamema omunye umshayi wesiginci, uTom Verlaine, eqenjini.
Kancane kancane iqembu lakhula. Ngemva kwamakhonsathi aphumelelayo, u-Ivan Krol wajoyina iqembu, ngoFebhuwari 1975 - JD Doherty. Lesi sakamuva sithathe indawo yomshayi wesigubhu.
Ukwethulwa kwe-albhamu yokuqala ethi Patti Smith
Maphakathi nawo-1970, i-discography yeqembu yagcwaliswa nge-albhamu yokuqala. Iqoqo lalibizwa ngokuthi Amahhashi. Ingoma enesihloko yamukelwe kahle yibo bobabili abathandi bomculo nabagxeki bomculo. I-albhamu enhle yokuqala inikeze abaculi inhlangano yamakhonsathi e-USA naseYurophu.
Abaculi abazange basukume. Ngokushesha i-discography yeqembu yagcwaliswa nge-albhamu yesibili yesitudiyo. Irekhodi lalibizwa ngeRadio Ethiopia. Izingoma ezikule albhamu bezinomsindo kakhudlwana.
Ngo-1977 kwagadla inhlekelele. U-Patti Smith waphuka ama-vertebrae amaningana ngenxa yokuwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Lo saziwayo uphoqeleke ukuthi ashiye esiteji. Wayefuna ukululama ngokuthula nangokuthula. Ukuphumula okuphoqelekile kwaholela eqoqweni lezinkondlo elithi Babel. Ngemva kokululama ngokugcwele, lo mculi waqopha i-albhamu yakhe yesithathu, i-Easter.
1979 kwaba unyaka onezigigaba ngendlela emangalisayo. U-Patti Smith unikeze abalandeli i-albhamu entsha ethi Wave. Ingoma yesihloko yeqoqo elisha bekuyingoma ethi Ngoba Ubusuku. Ingoma ethi Dancing Barefoot, nayo efakwe ohlwini lwe-disc, ngokushesha "iqhume" izingoma eziphezulu ezaziwayo.
Ngokushesha uPatti Smith waba nethuba lokuhlangana noFrederick Smith (ngaleso sikhathi owayedlala isiginci eqenjini le-MS5). UPatti noFrederick babethandana kakhulu kangangokuthi ubungane obuvamile bakhula baba ubuhlobo bothando. U-Patti wanikezela ingoma yomculo ethi Frederic endodeni.
Ukuncipha kwentshisekelo emsebenzini kaPatti Smith
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1980, iqembu likaPatti Smith lawela ezikhathini ezinzima. Iqiniso liwukuthi isithakazelo somphakathi esikweni lamapunk saqala ukwehla ngokushesha. Ngo-1980, iqembu lamemezela ukuhlukana. UPatti Smith wanyamalala endaweni yesigameko cishe ngo-1996.
Ngemva kweminyaka engu-16, uPatti wabuya eDetroit waya eNew York. Lo saziwayo uqale ukucula esiteji ngezinkondlo ezintsha. Khona-ke umculi wamemezela ukuthi ufuna ukuhlanganisa iqembu likaPatty Smith. Ngaphambi kwalesi senzakalo, uPatty noBob Dylan baye bavakashela ndawonye.
Ilungu elisha, u-Oliver Ray, ujoyine iqembu kanye nomufi u-Richard Soule. Naye noJeff Buckley, iqembu likhiphe ama-albhamu amaningana ayehluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Sikhuluma ngamarekhodi athi Gone Again nethi Peace and Noise. Amanothi amahle kanye ne-rosy ayezwakala ngokucacile kudiski yokuqala. Futhi okwesibili - isimo se-melancholic ngenxa yokushona kukaWilliam Burroughs no-Allen Ginsberg.
Iminyaka eyalandela nayo yayicebile ezenzakalweni ezithakazelisayo. Ekuqaleni kuka-2006, bavala iklabhu, eyaqala ukwakheka kukaPatti Smith njengomculi. Sikhuluma ngesikhungo i-CBGB. Ikilabhu ivalwe ngesicelo sabantu abahlala eduze. Ngokusho kozibonele, lo mculo uphazamise ukuphumula okuvamile.
Ezindongeni zabo zomdabu, iPatti Smith Group yenza umdlalo owathatha amahora ambalwa. Ngemva konyaka, lo mculi wathola indondo yakhe e-Rock and Roll Hall of Fame futhi wayinikezela kumyeni wakhe.
Impilo yomuntu siqu kaPatti Smith
UPatti Smith waba nengane ngenkathi esesekolishi. Nokho, wakhetha ukungalidaluli igama likayise.
Uthando olukhulu kunazo zonke empilweni yomculi odumile kwakunguFred Sonic Smith. Lo mbhangqwana wabhalisa ubuhlobo bawo ngoMashi 1, 1980. Babehlanganyela ekudaleni ndawonye, kodwa amathrekhi abo ayengahloselwe isiko labantu abaningi.
Umndeni wabo wawuyisibonelo. Bakhulise izingane ezimbili. Babengakwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle komunye nomunye, ngakho-ke bazama ukungaphumi endlini isikhathi eside. Kodwa ngokuzumayo ukuphila komkhaya okunokuthula kwaphazanyiswa ukufa komyeni wakhe. Le ndoda yashona ngo-1994 ngenxa yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
Ukushonelwa umyeni wakhe akuyona yodwa inhlekelele kaPatti Smith. Ulahlekelwe abathandekayo abaningi, okuhlanganisa: uRichard Soule, uRobert Mapplethorpe nomfowabo omncane uTodd.
UPatti Smith ukuthathe kanzima ukulahlekelwa. Lo mculi wazivalela isikhathi eside. Wayengafuni ukuba sesiteji. Umemezele ukuthi uzobuya kuphela lapho usizi lokulahlekelwa seluphelile ukukhubaza umphefumulo wakhe.
USmith wabonisa konke okuhlangenwe nakho kwempilo yakhe yomuntu siqu emsebenzini wakhe. Ngo-2008, kwakhululwa ifilimu yomlando ethi Dream of Life. Futhi ngo-2010 - incwadi "Just Kids", eyanikezelwa Mapplethorpe. Ngo-2011, waqala ukubhala incwadi ethi The M Train. Amamemori ashicilelwe kuphela ngo-2016.
UPatti Smith namuhla
Ngo-2018, umculi waya emazweni amaningana neqembu lakhe. Ngaso leso sikhathi, abalandeli baqala ukubuka ngentshisekelo imizamo yosaziwayo yokugcina iphrofayili ye-Instagram. Kwaphela izinyanga ezimbalwa ezama ukuthatha izithombe.
Uma sibheka i-Instagram kaPatti Smith, ngo-2019 wagxila kakhulu ezinkondlweni. Ekhasini lakhe ungathola amavesi amasha.
Ngo-2020, kwaziwa ukuthi umculi uzovakashela inhloko-dolobha yase-Ukraine - Kyiv. Ubusuku bezingxoxo nomculo noPatti Smith noTony Shanahan buzokwenzeka ngo-Agasti 29 e-Ivan Franko Theatre.
