I-Pearl Jam (i-Pearl Jam): I-Biography yeqembu

I-Pearl Jam iyiqembu le-rock laseMelika. Iqembu lajabulela ukuthandwa okukhulu ekuqaleni kwawo-1990. I-Pearl Jam ingelinye lamaqembu ambalwa emculweni we-grunge.

Izikhangiso

Ngenxa ye-albhamu yokuqala, iqembu elikhishwe ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1990, abaculi bathola ukuthandwa kwabo kokuqala okuphawulekayo. Leli iqoqo leziShumi. Futhi manje mayelana neqembu lePearl Jam ngezinombolo. Ngesikhathi somsebenzi wabo weminyaka engaphezu kwe-20, ibhendi ikhiphe:

• ama-albhamu angu-11 e-studio;
• 2 amapuleti amancane;
• 8 amaqoqo ekhonsathi;
• ama-DVD ama-4;
• 32 abangashadile;
• 263 ama-bootleg asemthethweni.

Njengamanje, sekuthengiswe ama-albhamu angaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3 kulo lonke elase-United States of America kanye nezigidi ezingu-60 emhlabeni jikelele.

I-Pearl Jam ibhekwa ngokufanelekile njengelinye lamabhendi anethonya elikhulu kule minyaka eyishumi edlule. UStephen Thomas Erlewine we-All Music ubize leli qembu ngokuthi “iqembu le-rock and roll laseMelika elaziwa kakhulu ngeminyaka yawo-1990s”. Ngo-Ephreli 7, 2017, uPearl Jam wangeniswa e-Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

Umlando wokudalwa nokwakhiwa kweqembu le-Pearl Jam

Konke kwaqala ngabaculi uStone Gossard noJeff Ament. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1980, bakha i-brainchild yabo yokuqala, eyayibizwa ngokuthi i-Mother Love Bone.

Konke kwakuhamba kahle kakhulu. Abathandi bomculo bebenentshisekelo eqenjini elisha. Abafana baze bathola abalandeli babo bokuqala. Kodwa-ke, yonke into yashintsha ngemuva kokushona komculi oneminyaka engu-24 ubudala u-Andrew Wood ngo-1990. Abaculi balihlakaza leli qembu, futhi ngokushesha bayeka ukuxhumana.

Ekupheleni kuka-1990, uGossard wahlangana nomdlali wesigingci uMike McCready. Wakwazi ukumncenga ukuthi aphinde aqale ukusebenza no-Ament. Abaculi baqophe idemo. Iqoqo lihlanganisa amathrekhi angu-5. Amalungu eqembu ayedinga umshayi wesigubhu nomdlali oyedwa. U-Eddie Vedder (amazwi) noDave Krusen (izigubhu) basheshe bajoyina iqembu.

Engxoxweni, uVedder uthe igama elithi Pearl Jam libhekisela kugogo wakhe uPearl. Ngokusho komculi, ugogo wayekwazi ukupheka ujamu omnandi kakhulu futhi omuhle kakhulu we-peyote (i-cactus equkethe i-mescaline).

Nokho, maphakathi nawo-2000, kwavela enye inguqulo ku-Rolling Stone. U-Ament noMcCready baphakamise ukuthatha igama elithi Pearl (kusuka kwelesiNgisi elithi "pearl").

Ngemva kokudlala kuka-Neil Young, lapho ithrekhi ngayinye inwetshiwe yaba yimizuzu engu-20 ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa, ababambiqhaza banquma ukungeza igama elithi Jam. Emculweni, igama elithi "jam" kufanele liqondwe njenge-improvisation ehlangene noma ezimele.

I-Debut ye-Pearl Jam

Ekuqaleni kwawo-1990, abaculi baqala ukuqoqa izinto zokuqopha i-albhamu yabo yokuqala. U-Pearl Jam wandise i-discography yabo nge-Ten (1991). Umculo wawusetshenzwa kakhulu ngabakwaGossard no-Ament. UMcCready uthe yena noVedder beza "ngenkampani." Kodwa uVedder wabhala amazwi kuzo zonke izingoma zomculo.

UKrusen ushiye ibhendi ngesikhathi kuqoshwa i-albhamu. Sola ukuluthwa izidakamizwa. Ngokushesha umculi wathathelwa indawo Matt Chamberlain. Kodwa akazange ahlale isikhathi eside eqenjini. Indawo yakhe ithathwe nguDave Abruzizes.

I-albhamu yokuqala yayinezingoma ezingu-11. Abaculi bacule ngokubulala, ukuzibulala, isizungu nokucindezeleka. Ngokomculo, iqoqo beliseduze ne-rock yakudala, ehlanganiswe nezinhlamvu zezinhlamvu ezivumelanayo nomsindo ofana neculo.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ekuqaleni i-albhamu yamukelwa umphakathi ngendlela epholile. Kodwa ngo-1992, i-albhamu Ten wathola isimo "igolide". Ifinyelele kunombolo 2 ku-Billboard. Irekhodi lahlala eshadini lomculo iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili. Ngenxa yalokho, waba i-platinum izikhathi ezingu-13.

Abagxeki bomculo bavumile ukuthi amalungu e-Pearl Jam "agibele isitimela se-grunge ngesikhathi esifanele." Nokho, abaculi ngokwabo babeyi-"grunge train". I-albhamu yabo ethi Ten ishaywe emasontweni amane ngaphambi kwethi Nevermind yeNirvana. Ngo-2020, abayishumi badayise amakhophi angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-13 e-United States kuphela.

Ukwethulwa kwama-albhamu amasha

Ngo-1993, i-discography kaPearl Jam yagcwaliswa nge-albhamu yesibili yesitudiyo. Imayelana neqoqo Vs. Ukukhishwa kwe-albhamu entsha kufana nebhomu. Esontweni lokuqala lokuthengisa kuphela, cishe amakhophi ayizigidi ezingu-1 erekhodi athengiswa aphela. Ama-Rockers akwazile ukuphula zonke izinhlobo zamarekhodi.

Iqoqo elilandelayo, i-Vitalogy, yaba i-albhamu yesibili ethengiswa ngokushesha emlandweni. Isonto lonke, abalandeli bathengise amakhophi ayizinkulungwane ezingama-877. Bekuyimpumelelo.

Ngo-1998, abathandi bomculo bezwa i-Yield. Ukukhishwa kweqoqo kumakwe ngokwethulwa kwesiqeshana. Ukwenza lokhu, abaculi bePearl Jam baqasha umdwebi wezincwadi zamahlaya uTodd McFarlane. Ngokushesha abalandeli base bejabulela ividiyo yengoma ethi Do the Evolution.

Ngemva kwesikhashana, ifilimu yedokhumentari ethi Single Video Theory yakhululwa. Waxoxa izindaba ezithokozisayo mayelana nokwenziwa kwevidiyo ethi Do the Evolution.

Kusukela kurekhodi elithi Binaural, elakhishwa ekuqaleni kwawo-2000, "abalandeli" bakaPearl Jam baqala ukujwayelana nesigubhu esisha uMat Cameron. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lo mculi usathathwa njengelungu leqembu.

Kwehliswe ukuthandwa kweqembu

Ukuqala kweminyaka yawo-2000 akukwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi kuphumelele iqembu le-rock laseMelika. Ngemva kokwethulwa kwe-albhamu ye-Binaural, abaculi bawa kancane. Iqoqo elethulwe laba yi-albhamu yokuqala ku-discography kaPearl Jam, ehlulekile ukuya kuplatinamu.

Kwakungelutho uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokudlala eRoskilde eDenmark. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngesikhathi sekhonsathi yeqembu kwafa abantu abangu-9. Banyathelwa. Amalungu ePearl Jam ashaqekile ngalo mcimbi. Bakhansele inqwaba yamakhonsathi base bememezela kubalandeli ukuthi bayakumisa okwesikhashana ukuvakasha.

Izehlakalo zikaRoskilde zenze amalungu eqembu acabange ukuthi hlobo luni lomkhiqizo womculo abawenzayo. I-albhamu entsha ethi Riot Act (2002) ivele yaba nezingoma, ithambile futhi ingenalo ulaka. Ingoma yomculo i-Arc inikezelwe kubalandeli abashona ngaphansi kwezinyawo zesixuku.

Ngo-2006, i-discography yeqembu yagcwaliswa nge-albhamu ye-Pearl Jam enegama elifanayo. Inhlanganisela iphawule ukubuya kwebhendi emsindweni wayo ojwayelekile we-grunge. Ngokokuqala ngqa eminyakeni engu-15 edlule, u-Backspacer wahola eshadini le-Billboard 200. Impumelelo yerekhodi yaqinisekiswa yingoma ethi Just Breathe.

Ngo-2011, abaculi bethula i-albhamu yabo yokuqala ebukhoma, ethi Phila Ngemilenze Eyishumi. Iqoqo lamukelwe ngemfudumalo abalandeli nabagxeki bomculo.

2011 wayecebile hhayi kuphela ezintsha zomculo. Ukuhlonipha iminyaka engu-20 yeqembu, abaculi bethula ifilimu ethi "Singamashumi amabili". Le filimu ibiqukethe amavidiyo abukhoma kanye nezingxoxo namalungu e-Pearl Jam.

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, i-discography yeqembu yagcwaliswa nge-albhamu yeshumi ye-studio. Iqoqo lalibizwa ngokuthi i-Lightning Bolt. Ngo-2015, i-albhamu yaklonyeliswa ngendondo ye-Grammy ye-Best Visual Design.

Isitayela nomthelela we-Pearl Jam

Isitayela somculo sikaPearl Jam besinolaka futhi sisinda kakhulu uma siqhathaniswa namanye amabhendi e-grunge. Iseduze nedwala lakudala lasekuqaleni kwawo-1970.

Umsebenzi weqembu wathonywa: The Who, Led Zeppelin, Neil Young, Kiss, Dead Boys kanye noRamones. Ukuduma nokwamukelwa kwamathrekhi ka-Pearl Jam kungase kubangelwe umsindo wawo ohlukile, ohlanganisa "ama-arna rock riffs nesibindi kanye nentukuthelo yama-post-punk yawo-1970, ngaphandle kokudelela izingwegwe namakhorasi."

I-albhamu ngayinye yebhendi iyisivivinyo, ubusha kanye nentuthuko. U-Vedder ukhulume ngokuthi amalungu eqembu afuna ukwenza umsindo wamathrekhi ungabizi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwezingwegwe.

I-Pearl Jam: amaqiniso athakazelisayo

• UGossard noJeff Ament babengamalungu ebhendi ye-grunge eyayiphayona iGreen River maphakathi nawo-1980.
• Abayishumi bafakwe ohlwini lukaRolling Stone oluthi "The 500 Greatest Rock Albums".
• Ingoma yomculo ethi Brother, eyafakwa ekukhishweni kabusha kwe-albhamu ethi Ten. Ngo-2009, yadlula enye indlela yaseMelika kanye namashadi e-rock njengeyodwa. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ithrekhi yaqoshwa futhi yakhululwa ngo-1991.
• Icwecwe elithi Ten liqanjwe ngomdlali weNational Basketball Association uMookie Blaylock (wayegqoke unombolo 10).
• I-guitar riff (ebeyiyisisekelo sengoma ethi In Hiding, evela ku-albhamu ethi Yield) yaqoshwa nguGossard kusirekhodishi sekhasethi elincane.

Pearl Jam namuhla

Kusukela ngo-2013, i-Pearl Jam ayizange ingeze ama-albhamu amasha ku-discography yayo. Leli irekhodi labaculi balolu hlobo. Sonke lesi sikhathi, leli qembu belihamba namakhonsathi alo ezindaweni ezahlukene zomhlaba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwakukhona amahlebezi okuthi maduze abaculi bazokhipha ama-albhamu angu-11.

Iqembu lePearl Jam alizange libaphoxe abalandeli, ngo-2020 abaculi bakhipha i-albhamu yesitudiyo ethi Gigaton. Yandulelwe amathrekhi i-Dance of the Clairvoyantsruen, i-Superblood Wolfmoonruen ne-Quick Escaperuen. I-albhamu ithole ukubuyekezwa okuhle kwabagxeki.

Izikhangiso

Ngo-2021, iqembu lizogubha iminyaka engama-30 lasungulwa. Ngokusho kwezintatheli, uPearl Jam uzolungiselela irekhodi lezingoma ezihamba phambili noma ifilimu eyidokhumentari yomcimbi obalulekile.