URay Barretto ungumculi odumile, umdwebi nomqambi oye wahlola futhi wandisa amathuba e-Afro-Cuban Jazz iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu. Owine i-Grammy Award no-Celia Cruz we-Ritmo En El Corazon, ilungu le-International Latin Hall of Fame. Kanye nowine kaningi emqhudelwaneni othi "Umculi Wonyaka", ophumelele ekuqokweni "Umdlali we-conga ohamba phambili". U-Barretto akazange aphumule ekujabuleleni kwakhe. Wayehlale ezama ukujabulisa kuphela, kodwa futhi nokumangaza izilaleli ngezinhlobo ezintsha zokusebenza nezitayela zomculo.
Ngawo-1950 wethula izigubhu ze-bebop conga. Futhi ngawo-1960 wasakaza imisindo ye-salsa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wayenesimiso esimatasa njengomculi weseshini. Ngawo-1970, waqala ukuhlola i-fusion. Futhi ngeminyaka yawo-1980 wakwazi ngempumelelo umculo ne-jazz yaseLatin America. U-Barretto wadala iqembu le-New World Spirit. Waziwa ngokushwibeka kwakhe okuhle nesitayela se-conga esinamandla. Umdwebi waba omunye wabaholi abadume kakhulu bama-orchestra omculo wesiLatini.
Wenza izingoma ezisukela ku-salsa kuye ku-Latin jazz, udlale ezigabeni ezidume kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Uzalelwe eBrooklyn, eNew York, uBarretto wakhulela eSpanishi Harlem. Phakathi neminyaka yakhe yesikole, wayethanda umculo waseLatin America nomculo weqembu elikhulu. Emini, umama wakhe wadlala amarekhodi asePuerto Rican. Futhi ebusuku, lapho unina eya emakilasini, wayelalela i-jazz. Wayithanda imisindo kaGlenn Miller, uTommy Dorsey noHarry James emsakazweni. Ukuze abalekele ubumpofu eHarlem yaseSpain, uBarretto waqala ukukhonza ebuthweni lezempi lapho eneminyaka engu-17 ubudala (eJalimane). Lapho waqala ukuzwa inhlanganisela yesigqi sesiLatini ne-jazz emculweni kaDizzy Gillespie (Manteca). Le nsizwa yawuthanda kakhulu lo mculo futhi yaba ugqozi lwakhe eminyakeni elandelayo. Wayecabanga ukuthi angaba umculi odumile njengezithixo zakhe. Ngemva kokukhonza ebuthweni lezempi, wabuyela eHarlem, eya emihlanganweni ye-jam.
Umdwebi wafunda izinsimbi zomculo futhi waphinde wathola izimpande zakhe zesiLatini. Kusukela lapho, uye waqhubeka enza kuzo zombili izitayela ze-jazz nesiLatini. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1940, uBarretto wathenga izigubhu ezimbalwa ze-conga. Futhi waqala ukudlala izikhathi ze-jam ngemva kwamahora amaningi kuma-nightclub e-Harlem nakwabanye. Ezakhela esakhe isitayela, waxhumana noParker noGillespie. Iminyaka eminingana wayedlala nebhendi kaJosé Curbelo.
URay Barretto: Izinyathelo zokuqala ezibalulekile
Umsebenzi wokuqala ka-Barretto ngokugcwele kwakuyi-Latin Jazz Combo ka-Eddie Bonnemer. Walandelwa iminyaka emibili yokusebenza nomholi waseCuba weqembu lomculo - umdlali wepiyano uJosé Curbelo.
Ngo-1957, umculi osemusha wangena esikhundleni sikaMongo Santamaria ebhendini kaTito Puente ngobusuku bangaphambi kokuqoshwa kwe-Dance Mania, i-albhamu yakudala nedumile kaPuente. Ngemva kweminyaka emine yokusebenzisana noPuente, umculi wasebenza izinyanga ezine noHerbie Mann. Ithuba lokuqala lokuhola likaBarretto lafika ngo-1961 no-Orrin Keepnews (Riverside Records). Wayemazi uBarretto ngomsebenzi wakhe we-jazz. Futhi i-charanga (umtshingo ne-violin orchestra) yasungulwa. Umphumela waba i-albhamu ethi Pachanga With Barretto elandelwa yi-Latino jam Latino ephumelelayo (1962). U-Charanga Barretto uhlanganiswe ne-tenor saxophonist u-José "Chombo" Silva kanye nomshayi wecilongo u-Alejandro "El Negro" Vivar. I-Latino iqukethe i-descarga (i-jam session) i-Cocinando Suave. U-Barretto wayibiza kanje: "Enye yalezo ezaqoshwa kancane."
URay Barretto: Iminyaka esebenzayo yokuqamba ngempumelelo
Ngo-1962, uBarretto waqala ukusebenza ngelebula likaTico futhi wakhipha i-albhamu kaCharanga Moderna. Ithrekhi ethi El Watusi ingene kumashadi aphezulu angama-20 ase-US ngo-1963 futhi yathengisa amakhophi ayisigidi. “Ngemva kuka-El Watusi, ngangingeyena inhlanzi noma inyoni, ngingesona isiLatini esihle, noma umculi onekhono we-pop,” kusho lo mculi kamuva. Ama-albhamu akhe ayisishiyagalombili alandelayo (phakathi kuka-1963 no-1966) ahluka ngendlela futhi awazange aphumelele kwezohwebo.
Ukufaneleka komculo kweminye yemisebenzi yakhe erekhodiwe kusukela kulesi sikhathi kwaziswa kuphela eminyakeni eminingi kamuva.
Izinhlanhla zikaBarretto zashintsha lapho esayina neFania Records ngo-1967. Ulahle ama-violin ethusi futhi wenza i-R&B ne-Jazz Acid. Ngenxa yalokhu, wajabulela ukuthandwa okukhulu nakakhulu phakathi komphakathi waseLatin America. Ngonyaka olandelayo, wajoyina uhlelo lokuqala lweFania All-Stars.
Ama-albhamu ayisishiyagalolunye alandelayo ka-Barretto (Fania Records) kusukela ngo-1968 kuya ku-1975 baphumelele nakakhulu. Kodwa ekupheleni kuka-1972, umculi wakhe wezwi kusukela ngo-1966, u-Adalberto Santiago, namalungu amane ebhendi ahamba. Bese basungula iqembu i-Típica 73. I-albhamu ethi Barretto (1975) enabaculi u-Ruben Blades kanye no-Tito Gomez ibe iqoqo lomculi elithengiswa kakhulu. Uphinde waqokelwa indondo yeGrammy ngo-1976. UBarretto waqashelwa “njengoMdlali Ongcono Kakhulu weConga Wonyaka” ngo-1975 nango-1976. kunhlolovo yaminyaka yonke kamagazini we-Latin NY.
UBarretto wayekhathele ukudlala kwansuku zonke okukhandlayo e-nightclub. Wayenomuzwa wokuthi amakilabhu acindezela ubuciko bakhe, kwakungekho ukuhlolwa. Uphinde waba nethemba lokuthi i-salsa ingafinyelela izethameli eziningi. Ngobusuku Bangaphambi Kukancibijane ka-1975, wenza umdlalo wakhe wokugcina neqembu le-salsa. Babe sebehamba becula ngaphansi kwegama elithi Guarare. Baphinde bakhipha ama-albhamu amathathu: Guarare (1977), Guarare-2 (1979) kanye Onda Típica (1981).
Dala iqembu elisha
U-Barretto usebenze ngesitayela se-salsa-zothando, wakhulula i-albhamu engadumile kakhulu ethi Irresistible (1989). USaba (owayecula kuphela ekhorasini kuma-albhamu ka-Barretto ka-1988 no-1989) waqala umsebenzi wakhe eyedwa nge-Necesito Una Mirada Tuya compilation (1990). Ikhiqizwe yilowo owayengumdlali we-Los Kimy uKimmy Solis. Ngo-Agasti 30, 1990, ukuze kukhunjulwe ukuzibandakanya kwakhe emculweni we-jazz kanye nomculo waseLatin America, u-Barretto wabonakala no-Adalberto kanye nomshayi wecilongo wasePuerto Rican uJuancito Torres ekhonsathini yentela yaseLas 2 Vidas De Ray Barretto eNyuvesi yasePuerto Rico. Ngo-1991 usebenze nenkampani yokuqopha i-Concord Picante ye-Handprints.
Ngo-1992, uBarretto wasungula i-New World Spirit sextet. Izigxivizo zezandla (1991), Imilayezo Yokhokho (1993) kanye neTaboo (1994) zaqoshwa ku-Concord Picante. Bese kuthi Inothi Eliluhlaza Lokuthintana (1997). Ekubuyekezeni kwe-Latin Beat Magazine, kwaphawulwa ukuthi amalungu e-New World Spirit angabaculi abaqinile abadlala izingoma ezicacile nezihlakaniphile. Izingoma ze-Caravan, Poinciana kanye ne-Serenata zihunyushwe kahle.
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1990, uBarretto waqopha izingoma no-Eddie Gomez, uKenny Burrell, uJoe Lovano noSteve Turre. Ukuqopha New World Spirit (2000) kwakuyiphrojekthi ehamba phambili yeminyaka yokugcina yeciko.
Emuva kokudlula kahlanu, impilo yalo mculi yaba sibi. Imisebenzi yekhonsathi kwadingeka imiswe. UBarretto washona ekuqaleni kuka-2006.
Ngenxa yokuzimisela komculi ukuzama, umculo ubumusha iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50. “Nakuba i-conga kaRay Barretto yayidla amaseshini amaningi okuqopha cishe kunanoma iyiphi enye i-conguero yesikhathi sakhe,” kuphawula uGinell, “waphinde wahola amaqembu e-Latin-jazz athuthukayo amashumi eminyaka.” Ngaphezu komculo we-jazz nowaseLatin America, uBarretto uphinde waqopha izingoma neBee Gees, The Rolling Stones, Crosby, Stills kanye noNash. Nakuba isizinda sakhe sasekhaya sasise-United States, uBarretto wayethandwa kakhulu eFrance futhi wavakashela iYurophu izikhathi eziningana. Ngo-1999, lo mculi wafakwa ku-International Latin Music Hall of Fame. U-Barretto ubengumdlali ophambili ekuhlanganisweni kwe-jazz nesigqi sase-Afro-Cuban, ethuthukisa umculo waba yiwo ojwayelekile.
