Wonke umlandeli ozihloniphayo womculo we-rock ne-jazz uyazi igama likaCarlos Humberto Santana Aguilara, umshayi wesigingci okhaliphile nomqambi omangalisayo, umsunguli nomholi webhendi yaseSantana.
Ngisho nalabo “abangeyena umlandeli” womsebenzi wakhe, othathe isiLatini, i-jazz, ne-blues-rock, izici ze-jazz yamahhala ne-funk, bangabona kalula isitayela sokusayina salo mculi. Uyinganekwane! Futhi izinganekwane zihlala ziphila ezinhliziyweni zalabo ezibanqobile.
Ubuntwana nobusha bukaCarlos Santana
Umculi we-rock esizayo wazalwa ngoJulayi 20, 1947 (waqanjwa ngokuthi uCarlos Augusto Alves Santana) edolobheni lase-Autlan de Navarro (isifunda saseMexico saseJalisco).
Wayenenhlanhla enkulu nabazali bakhe - ubaba wakhe, u-Jose Santana, wayengumdlali wevayolini okhokhelwayo futhi wayezimisele ngokufundisa indodana yakhe. UCarlos oneminyaka emihlanu ubudala wazi kahle izisekelo zethiyori yomculo kanye ne-violin ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe okuqinile.
Kusukela ngo-1955, uSantana uhlala eTijuana. Udumo lwe-rock and roll lwenza umfanyana oneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ukuba athathe isiginci.
Ukusekelwa kukayise kanye nokulingisa izindinganiso ezinjengoBB King, uJohn Lee Hooker noT-Bone Walker kwanikeza imiphumela emangalisayo - eminyakeni emibili kamuva umculi osemusha waqala ukucula emaqenjini neqembu lendawo i-TJ'S, wenza umnikelo wokugcwalisa umndeni. isabelomali.
Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, abaculi abadala nabanolwazi baphawula ukunambitheka kwakhe komculo, ubuciko kanye nekhono elimangalisayo lokuthuthukisa.
Umlando womculi
Ngemva kokuba umndeni uthuthele eSan Francisco, le nsizwa yaqhubeka nokufunda umculo, yajwayelana nezitayela ezihlukahlukene zomculo futhi yachitha isikhathi esiningi ekwakheni isitayela sayo sokwenza.
Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni ngo-1966, le nsizwa yakha i-Santana Blues Band yayo, esekelwe kuyo kanye nomculi wekhibhodi uGreg Roli.
Umdlalo wokuqala waleli qembu, obusehholo elidumile laseFillmore West, ukhombise amakhono awo futhi wadonsa amehlo omphakathi nozakwabo abahloniphekile kubaculi abasebancane.
Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, bethandwa kakhulu, banciphisa igama leqembu elithi Santana - elifushane, elilula kakhulu. Ngo-1969 bakhipha i-albhamu yabo yokuqala, okurekhodiwe bukhoma kwe-Live Adventures ka-Al Kooper noMichael Bloomfield.
Ngawo lowo nyaka, bashayelwa ihlombe emkhosini weWoodstock. Ababukeli bayamangala ngokulukwa kwe-virtuosic kwe-rock yakudala enezigqi zase-Latin America ezigqashula ezintanjeni zesiginci sika-Santana.
Kakade ngoNovemba, ithimba lajabulisa izethameli nge-albhamu yokuqala yesitudiyo i-Santana, eqinisa isitayela sikaCarlos esiyingqayizivele sokudlala, esiye saba uphawu lwakhe.
Ukukhishwa kwecwecwe lesibili le-Abraxas ngo-1970 kwaqhubezela iqembu nomholi walo ekudumeni okusha.
Ngo-1971, u-Raleigh washiya ibhendi, ephuca ibhendi yamaphimbo namakhibhodi, okwaholela ekwenqabeni ngenkani ukudlala ekhonsathini. Ukuphumula kugcwaliswe ngokurekhodwa kwe-albhamu ye-Santana III.
Ngo-1972, i-Santana yasebenzisana nabaculi abaningi emisebenzini yokuqala efana ne-LP Live ebukhoma!, ehlanganisa isigubhu/umculi u-Buddy Miles, kanye no-Caravanserai, i-albhamu ehlangene ye-jazz ehlanganisa abaculi abaningi be-rock.
Ngo-1973, uCarlos Santana washada futhi ngenxa yomkakhe (u-Urmila), othathwe ubuHindu, wangena ekuhloleni umculo.
Izingoma zakhe ezidlala indima ethi Love Devotion Surrender, eziqoshwe no-J. McLaughlin, kanye ne-ILLUMINATIONS, ezaqoshwa ngokubamba iqhaza kuka-E. Coltrane, umphakathi wazibona ngokungaqondakali futhi wasabisa ngokuketula i-Santana edwaleni i-Olympus.
Izinto bezingeke ziphele kahle ukube bekungengenelele uBill Graham, othathe izintambo zokuphatha leli qembu wamtholela umculi uGreg Walker. Ukubuya kwendodana yolahleko endleleni ye-blues nokukhululwa kwe-albhamu ye-Amigos kubuyisele iqembu ekudumeni kwalo kwangaphambili.
Izimpumelelo zomculo zomculi
Ngo-1977, i-Santana yakha izinhlelo ezimbili ezimangalisayo: Umkhosi kanye ne-Moonflower. Ngo-1978, waqala ukuvakasha kwekhonsathi, edlala emkhosini waseCalifornia Jam II futhi ngokunqoba eqhubekela phambili eMelika naseYurophu, ehlela ngisho nokuvakashela eSoviet Union, okungazange kwenzeke, ngeshwa futhi kudumaze abalandeli.
Lesi sikhathi saphawulwa uCarlos kanye nokuqala komsebenzi ohamba yedwa. Futhi yize i-albhamu yakhe yokuqala ethi Golden Reality (1979) ingalitholanga igolide nama-laurels, ukudalwa okwalandela kwaba yimpumelelo enkulu: i-jazz-rock ekhishwe yi-albhamu ephindwe kabili ethi The Swing of Delight (1980) yadonsa ukunaka, kwathi iZebop! igolide elimenyezelwe.
Lokhu kwalandelwa ukuqoshwa kwe-Havana Moon kanye ne-Beyond Appearances, okuqinise isikhundla sakhe. Phakathi nohambo, ngo-1987, uSantana nokho wavakashela eMoscow futhi wenza lapho ohlelweni lwekhonsathi ethi "For World Peace".
Ukukhishwa kwe-albhamu eyedwa enezinsimbi ethi Blues For Salvador kwenze uCarlos waba ngumnqobi we-Grammy Award. Ukukhishwa ngo-1990 kwecwecwe elingelona eliqine kakhulu elithi Imimoya Edansa Enyameni alikwazanga ukunyakazisa ukuthandwa kwale nganekwane!
Kodwa i-1991 yayigcwele izenzakalo ezikhanyayo zeqembu kanye nomholi walo, bejabule - uhambo oluyimpumelelo nokuhlanganyela emcimbini we-Rock in Rio II, futhi okudabukisayo - ukushona kukaBill Graham nokuqedwa kwenkontileka ne-Columbia.
Kodwa umsebenzi kaSantana ubulokhu uhambisana nokusesha nokuhlola, ukusebenzisana nezihlabani ze-rock ne-pop ezidume umhlaba wonke ezifana noMichael Jackson, uGloria Estefan, uZiggy Marley, uCindy Blackman nabanye, ukuvela komculo omusha nokuqoshwa kwama-albhamu amasha.
Ngo-2011, i-District Elementary School No. 12 (San Fernando Valley, Los Angeles) yaqanjwa ngaye, yaba yiCarlos Santana Academy of the Arts.
