Umqambi odumile, umculi kanye nombhidisi u-Sergei Prokofiev waba negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni umculo we-classical. Izingoma ze-maestro zifakwe ohlwini lwemisebenzi yobuciko esezingeni lomhlaba. Umsebenzi wakhe waqashelwa ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Phakathi neminyaka yokusebenza okusebenzayo, u-Prokofiev waklonyeliswa ngemiklomelo eyisithupha ye-Stalin.
Ubuntwana kanye nentsha umqambi Sergei Prokofiev
I-maestro yazalelwa edolobhaneni elincane laseKrasne, esifundeni saseDonetsk. USergei Sergeevich wakhulela emndenini ohlakaniphile kakhulu. Inhloko yomndeni yayingusosayensi. Ubaba wayezikhandla kwezolimo. Umama wazinikela ekukhuliseni izingane. Wayefunda kahle, ekwazi ukuphawula komculo futhi ekhuluma izilimi eziningana zakwamanye amazwe. Nguye owakhuthaza uSeryozha omncane ukuthi enze umculo.
U-Sergei wahlala phansi epiyano eneminyaka engu-5. Wawukwazi kalula umdlalo waleli thuluzi lomculo. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, waqala ukubhala imidlalo emincane. Umama, owayengenawo umphefumulo endodaneni yakhe, wayibhala ngenkuthalo le midlalo ebhukwini lokubhalela elikhethekile. Lapho eneminyaka engu-10, u-Prokofiev wabhala imidlalo eyishumi nambili, ngisho nama-opera amaningana.
Abazali baqonda ukuthi inhlakanipho encane yayikhula endlini yabo. Bathuthukisa ikhono lomculo lengane futhi ngokushesha baqasha uthisha oqeqeshiwe, uReinhold Gliere. Lapho esemusha, washiya umuzi kayise wathuthela eSt. Enhloko-dolobha yamasiko yaseRussia, uSeryozha wangena e-Conservatory ehlonishwayo. Wathweswa iziqu esikhungweni semfundo ngezindlela ezintathu ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ngemva kokuvukela Sergei Sergeevich waqaphela ukuthi kwakungasenangqondo ukuhlala endaweni yaseRussia. U-Prokofiev wanquma ukulishiya izwe futhi athuthele eJapane, futhi esuka lapho wathuthela e-United States of America.
UProkofiev wayehlanganyela emsebenzini wekhonsathi njengomfundi eSt. Petersburg Conservatory. Ngemva kokuthuthela eMelika, waqhubeka nokuthuthuka njengomqambi nomculi. Izinkulumo zakhe ezingalindelekile zenziwa ngezinga elikhulu.
Maphakathi nawo-1930 ekhulwini elidlule i-maestro yanquma ukubuyela e-USSR. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, ekugcineni wazinza eMoscow. Ngokwemvelo, umculi akazange akhohlwe ukuvakasha emazweni angaphandle, kodwa wakhetha eRussia ukuze abe indawo yakhe yokuhlala unomphela.
Umsebenzi wokudala womqambi Sergei Prokofiev
U-Prokofiev wazibonakalisa njengomsunguli wolimi lomculo. Izingoma zikaSergei Sergeevich azizange zibonwe yiwo wonke umuntu. Isibonelo esimangalisayo isethulo sengoma ethi "Scythian Suite". Kuthe uma kuzwakala umsebenzi, izethameli (iningi) zasukuma zaphuma ehholo. I-"Scythian Suite", njenge-elementi, isabalale kuwo wonke amagumbi ehholo. Kubathandi bomculo bangaleso sikhathi, lesi simo sasiyinto entsha.
Uthole umphumela ofanayo ngenxa yengxube ye-polyphony eyinkimbinkimbi. Amagama angenhla adlulisa kahle ama-opera athi "Uthando lwamawolintshi amathathu" kanye "nengelosi yomlilo". Ngawo-1930 ekhulwini elidlule Prokofiev wayengenalo okulingana.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Prokofiev wafinyelela iziphetho ezifanele. Izingoma zakhe zithole ithoni yomculo ezolile nefudumele. Wengeze i-romanticism namazwi ku-classical yesimanjemanje. Ukuhlolwa okunjalo komculo kwavumela u-Prokofiev ukuba enze imisebenzi efakwe ohlwini lwama-classics omhlaba. Ama-opera e-Romeo noJuliet kanye ne-Betrothal e-Monastery bekufanele ukunakwa okukhulu.
Ku-biography ye-Prokofiev, umuntu akakwazi ukukhuluma nge-symphony ehlakaniphile ethi "Peter and the Wolf", i-maestro eyabhala ngokukhethekile yaseshashalazini yezingane. I-symphony ethi "Peter and the Wolf", kanye ne "Cinderella" amakhadi okubiza umqambi. Izingoma ezethulwe zithathwa njengezihamba phambili zomsebenzi wakhe.
U-Prokofiev wakha ukuhambisana nomculo wefilimu ethi "Alexander Nevsky" nethi "Ivan the Terrible". Ngakho, wayefuna ukuzibonakalisa ngokwakhe ukuthi angakwazi ukudala kwezinye izinhlobo.
I-Creativity Prokofiev nayo ibalulekile kumphakathi wangaphandle. Abathandi bomculo bathi uSergei Sergeevich wakwazi ukuvula ikhethini lomphefumulo wangempela waseRussia. Imiculo ye-maestro yasetshenziswa umculi uSting kanye nomqondisi odumile uWoody Allen.
Imininingwane yempilo yomuntu siqu
Phakathi nokuvakasha emazweni aseYurophu, u-Prokofiev wahlangana no-Carolina Codina omuhle waseSpain. Phakathi nokujwayelana, kwavela ukuthi uCarolina wayeyindodakazi yabafuduki baseRussia.
USergei wayethanda uCodina ekuqaleni, futhi wacela intombazane. Abathandi bashada, futhi lo wesifazane wamzalela amadodana amabili - u-Oleg no-Svyatoslav. Lapho uProkofiev ememezela inhloso yakhe yokubuyela eRussia, umkakhe wamsekela futhi wahamba naye.
Lapho iMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe iqala kuleli zwe, i-maestro yathumela izihlobo zayo eSpain, futhi waqhubeka ehlala enhloko-dolobha yaseRussia. Lona kwaba umhlangano wokugcina phakathi Karolina futhi Sergei. Abaphindanga babonana. Iqiniso liwukuthi Prokofiev wathandana Maria Cecilia Mendelssohn. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi le ntombazane yayifanele umqambi njengendodakazi futhi yayimncane kunaye ngeminyaka engu-24.
I-maestro yamemezela ukuthi ihlose ukuhlukanisa nomkakhe osemthethweni, kodwa uCarolina wenqaba uSergei. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukushada nomuntu odumile kuyena kwakuyinto evikela owesifazane ekuboshweni.
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1940, umshado kaProkofiev noKarolina kwathiwa awuvumelekile yiziphathimandla. USergei Sergeevich washada noMendelssohn. Kodwa uCarolina wayelindele ukuboshwa. Lona wesifazane wathunyelwa eziQhingini zaseMordovian. Ngemva kokuvuselelwa kwabantu abaningi, waphuthuma wabuyela eLondon.
U-Prokofiev wayenomunye umsebenzi obalulekile. Indoda yayithanda ukudlala i-chess. Futhi wakwenza ngokomsebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umqambi ufunde okuningi futhi wathanda izincwadi zama-classics aziwayo.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo umqambi Sergei Prokofiev
- Eseyingane, unina kaProkofiev wethula indodana yakhe izingoma zikaBeethoven noChopin.
- Omunye wemisebenzi ethandwa kakhulu kaProkofiev yi-opera ethi "Impi Nokuthula".
- USergei Sergeevich wayenobudlelwane obunzima neziphathimandla. Ngawo-1940, ezinye zezingoma zomculo womqambi zavinjwa ngenxa yokuthi zazingahambisani nemibono yenkathi yamaSoviet.
- I-Prokofiev yayibizwa ngokuthi "i-Mozart yekhulu lama-XNUMX".
- Ukusebenza kokuqala kwe-maestro e-Paris akuphumelelanga. Abagxeki "baphihlize" ukusebenza kwakhe, bekubiza ngokuthi "i-steel trance".
- Elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo lalihlobene nokufa kwe-maestro. Iqiniso liwukuthi washona ngosuku olufanayo noStalin. Kubalandeli, ukufa komculi kwakungenamkhondo, ngoba "umholi" odumile waqaphela.
Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila komqambi
Ekupheleni kwawo-1940 ekhulwini elidlule, impilo Prokofiev iwohloka. Akazange ashiye umuzi wakubo. Waqhubeka nokwenza umculo, ngisho nalapho engazizwa kahle. U-maestro uchithe ubusika efulethini lakhe lomphakathi. Umqambi ohlakaniphile wafa ngo-March 5, 1953. Wasinda kwenye inkinga yomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Isidumbu sakhe sabekwa emathuneni aseNovodevichy.
