U-Tito Puente ungumdlali onekhono we-Latin jazz percussionist, i-vibraphonist, i-cymbalist, i-saxophonist, umdlali wopiyano, i-conga nomdlali we-bongo. Umculi uthathwa ngokufanelekile njengonkulunkulu we-Latin jazz ne-salsa. Ngemva kokunikela iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi ayisithupha yempilo yakhe ekusebenzeni komculo wesiLatini. Futhi ngemva kokuthola idumela njengomdlali we-percussionist onekhono, uPuente yaziwa hhayi eMelika kuphela, kodwa futhi nangaphandle kwemingcele yayo. Lo mculi waziwa ngekhono lakhe elimangalisayo lokuhlanganisa isigqi saseLatin America ne-jazz yesimanje kanye nomculo webhendi omkhulu. U-Tito Puente ukhiphe ama-albhamu angaphezu kuka-100 aqoshwe phakathi kuka-1949 no-1994.
Tito Puente: Ubuntwana nobusha
UPuente wazalelwa eSpanishi Harlem yaseNew York ngo-1923. Lapho ingxubevange yomculo we-Afro-Cuban kanye ne-Afro-Puerto Rican yasiza ukudala umculo we-salsa (i-salsa iyisi-Spanish esisho "spice" kanye "nesoso"). Ngesikhathi uPuente eseneminyaka eyishumi ubudala. Udlale namabhendi endawo aseLatin America emihlanganweni yendawo, imicimbi yezenhlalo, nasemahhotela aseNew York. Le nsizwa yadansa kahle futhi yahlukaniswa nokuguquguquka nokuqina komzimba. U-Puente waqala ukudlala neqembu lendawo elibizwa ngokuthi "Los Happy Boys" e-New York's Park Place Hotel. Futhi lapho eneminyaka engu-13, wayesebhekwa njengengane ehlakaniphile emkhakheni womculo. Lapho esemncane, wajoyina uNoro Morales kanye neMachito Orchestra. Kodwa kwadingeka athathe ikhefu emsebenzini wakhe, njengoba lo mculi wayebuthelwe ebuthweni lasolwandle. Ngo-1942 eneminyaka engu-19.
Ukuqala kwendlela yokudala kaTito Puente
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1930, ekuqaleni uPuente wayehlose ukuba ngumdansi oqeqeshiwe, kodwa ngemva kokulimala kabi kweqakala okwaqeda umsebenzi wakhe njengomdansi, uPuente wanquma ukuqhubeka enza nokuqamba umculo, awenza kahle kakhulu.
U-Puente waba umngane womholi weqembu u-Charlie Spivak ngenkathi esebenza ku-Navy, futhi kwaba nge-Spivak lapho aba nentshisekelo ekuqanjweni kwebhendi enkulu. Lapho umculi wesikhathi esizayo ebuya e-Navy ngemva kwezimpi eziyisishiyagalolunye, wathola Ukunconywa NguMongameli futhi waphothula imfundo yakhe yomculo esemthethweni e-Juilliard School of Music, efundela ukuqhuba, ukucula kanye nethiyori yomculo ngaphansi kwabafundisi abadume kakhulu. Waqeda izifundo zakhe ngo-1947 eneminyaka engu-24.
E-Juilliard kanye nonyaka ngemva kokuphothula izifundo zakhe, uPuente wadlala noFernando Alvarez neqembu lakhe iCopacabana, kanye noJosé Curbelo noPupi Campo. Lapho ngo-1948, lapho umculi eneminyaka engu-25, wanquma ukudala iqembu lakhe. Noma i-conjunto ebizwa ngokuthi i-Piccadilly Boys, ngokushesha eyaziwa ngokuthi i-orchestra ye-Tito Puente. Ngemva konyaka, waqopha ingoma yakhe yokuqala ethi "Abaniquito" neTico Records. Kamuva ngo-1949, wasayina neRCA Victor Records futhi waqopha ingoma eyodwa ethi "Ran Kan-Kan".
Mamba Madness King 1950s
U-Puente waqala ukukhipha izingoma ezishisayo ngawo-1950s, lapho uhlobo lwe-mamba lwalusezingeni eliphezulu. Futhi waqopha izingoma zomdanso ezidumile ezifana ne-"Barbarabatiri", "El Rey del Timbay", "Mamba la Roca" kanye ne "Mamba Gallego". I-RCA ikhiphe "Cuban Carnival", "Puente Goes Jazz", "Dance Mania" kanye "Top Percussion". Ama-albhamu amane adumile kaPuente phakathi kuka-1956 no-1960.
Ngawo-1960, uPuente waqala ukusebenzisana kakhulu nabanye abaculi abavela eNew York. Udlale ne-trombonist Buddy Morrow, Woody Herman nabaculi baseCuba uCelia Cruz noLa Lupe. Wahlala eguquguquka futhi evuleleke ekuhlolweni, esebenzisana nabanye futhi ehlanganisa izitayela zomculo ezahlukene ezifana ne-mamba, i-jazz, i-salsa. I-Puente imele umnyakazo wenguquko we-Latin-jazz emculweni wangaleso sikhathi. Ngo-1963, u-Puente wakhipha i-"Oye Como Va" ku-Tico Records, eyaba yimpumelelo emangalisayo futhi ethathwa njengeyakudala namuhla.
Eminyakeni emine kamuva, ngo-1967, uPuente wenza uhlelo lwezingoma zakhe eMetropolitan Opera eLincoln Center.
Ukuqashelwa umhlaba uTito Puente
UPuente uphathe owakhe uhlelo lwethelevishini olubizwa ngokuthi Izwe likaTito Puente olwasakazwa kumabonakude waseLatin America ngo-1968. Futhi wacelwa ukuba abe nguGrand Marshal waseNew York embukisweni woSuku lwasePuerto Rico. Ngo-1969, iMeya uJohn Lindsey wethula iPuente ukhiye weNew York City njengesenzo esinesizotha. Ithole ukubonga kwendawo yonke.
Umculo kaPuente awuzange uhlukaniswe njenge-salsa kuze kube ngawo-1970, njengoba wawuqukethe izingxenye zebhendi enkulu nokwakhiwa kwe-jazz. Ngenkathi u-Carlos Santana ehlanganisa ingoma yakudala ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1970. UPuente "Oye Como Va", umculo kaPuente wahlangana nesizukulwane esisha. U-Santana uphinde wadlala ingoma kaPuente ethi "Para Los Rumberos", uPuente ayiqopha ngo-1956. UPuente noSantana bagcina behlangene ngo-1977 eRoseland Ballroom eNew York.
Ngo-1979, uPuente wavakashela eJapane neqembu lakhe futhi wathola izethameli ezintsha ezishisekayo. Kanye neqiniso lokuthi usezuze ukuthandwa emhlabeni wonke. Ngemva kokubuya eJapane, umculi ne-orchestra yakhe wadlalela uMongameli waseMelika uJimmy Carter. Njengengxenye yokugubha kukamongameli Inyanga Yamagugu Yase-Hispanic. U-Puente waklonyeliswa ngendondo yokuqala kwemine ye-Grammy ngo-1979 nge-"Tribute to Benny More". Uphinde wawina nendondo yeGrammy ye-On Broadway. Ngo-1983, "Mambo Diablo" ngo-1985 kanye neGoza Mi Timbal ngo-1989. Phakathi nomsebenzi wakhe omude, uPuente uthole imiklomelo eyisishiyagalombili ye-Grammy Award, ngaphezu kwanoma yimuphi omunye umculi. Emkhakheni womculo waseLatin America kuze kube ngu-1994.
Ukukhishwa kwe-albhamu engu-XNUMX
UPuente uqophe ama-albhamu akhe okugcina eqembu elikhulu ngo-1980 nango-1981. Uhambele amadolobha aseYurophu ngeLatin Percussion Jazz Ensemble futhi waqopha nayo imisebenzi emisha edumile. U-Puente waqhubeka nokuzinikela ekuhlanganiseni, ekuqopheni nasekucula umculo kuwo wonke ama-1980, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi izithakazelo zakhe zanda.
UPuente wasungula iTito Puente Scholarship Fund yezingane ezinamathalente omculo. Kamuva isisekelo sasayina inkontileka ne-Allnet Communications yokuhlinzeka ngemifundaze kubafundi bomculo ezweni lonke. Lo mculi uvele ku-The Cosby Show futhi wavela kwezentengiso ye-Coca-Cola noBill Cosby. Uphinde wabonakala ku-Radio Days naku-Armed and Dangerous. UPuente uphinde wathola iziqu zobudokotela ezihlonishwayo e-Old Westbury College ngeminyaka yawo-1980 futhi wadlala kuMonterey Jazz Festival ngo-1984.
Ngo-Agasti 14, 1990, uPuente wathola inkanyezi yaseHollywood eLos Angeles ngezizukulwane. Ikhono likaPuente laziwa emphakathini wamazwe ngamazwe. Ekuqaleni kwawo-1990, wachitha isikhathi ekhuluma nezilaleli zakwamanye amazwe. Futhi ngo-1991, uPuente wavela kufilimu ethi Mamba Kings Play Love Songs. Uvuse isithakazelo emculweni wakhe phakathi kwesizukulwane esisha.
Ku-1991, eneminyaka engu-68, u-Puente wakhulula i-albhamu yakhe ye-1994 enesihloko esithi "El Numero Cien", esatshalaliswa ngu-Sony for RMM Records. Lo mculi waklonyeliswa ngendondo ehlonishwa kakhulu ye-ASCAP - i-Founders Award - ngoJulayi XNUMX. UJon Lannert weBillboard wabhala, "Ngesikhathi uPuente ekhuphukela kumakrofoni. Ingxenye yezethameli iqhume ngengoma ye-Puente ethi "Oye Como Va".
Ukuphila komuntu siqu
UTito Puente washada kanye. Wahlala nomkakhe uMargaret Asensio kusukela ngo-1947 kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe (washona ngo-1977). Lo mbhangqwana wakhulisa izingane ezintathu ndawonye - izingane ezintathu Tito, Audrey futhi Richard. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, umculi othandekayo wathola isimo esiyingqayizivele somculi. Umbhali wengoma nomqambi odunyiswe izingcweti nabagxeki bomculo njengeNkosi ye-Latin Jazz. E-Union City, eNew Jersey, uhlonishwa ngenkanyezi ku-Walk of Fame eCelia Cruz Park naseSpanishi Harlem, eNew York. I-East 110th Street yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi nguTito Puente Way ngo-2000. Lo mculi washona ngo-2000 ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo.
