I-TLC ingelinye lamaqembu e-rap abesifazane adume kakhulu ngeminyaka yawo-1990 yekhulu lama-XX. Iqembu liphawuleka ngokuhlolwa kwalo komculo. Izinhlobo acula ngazo, ngaphezu kwe-hip-hop, zihlanganisa isigqi neblues. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1990, leli qembu lizakhele udumo ngamaculo nama-albhamu asezingeni eliphezulu, athengiswa ngezigidi zamakhophi e-United States, Europe nase-Australia. Ukukhishwa kokugcina kwaba ngo-2017.
Ukuqala kwendlela yokudala ye-TLC
I-TLC ekuqaleni yaqanjwa njengephrojekthi ejwayelekile yokukhiqiza. Umdidiyeli waseMelika u-Ian Burke no-Crystal Jones babenombono ofanayo - ukwakha i-trio wesifazane eyayizohlanganisa inhlanganisela yomculo wesimanje odumile nomphefumulo wama-1970s. Izinhlobo zisekelwe ku-hip-hop, i-funk.
UJones wahlela ukulingisa, ngenxa yalokho amantombazane amabili angena eqenjini: Tionne Watkins noLisa Lopez. Bobabili bajoyina i-Krystal - kwaba yi-trio, eyaqala ukudala ukuqoshwa kokuhlolwa kokuqala ngokuhambisana nezithombe ezikhethiwe. Nokho, ngemva kokuhlolwa no-Antonio Reid, owayeyinhloko yenkampani enkulu yokuqopha, uJones walishiya leli qembu. Ngokusho kwakhe, lokhu kwakungenxa yokuthi wayengafuni ukusayina inkontileka ngokungaboni nomdidiyeli. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, uReid wanquma ukuthi afaneleke kulaba abathathu futhi wathembisa ukumtholela ozongena esikhundleni sakhe.
I-albhamu yokuqala ye-TLC
UCristal wathathelwa indawo nguRozonda Thomas, kwathi bobathathu basayinwa ilebula yakwaPebbitone. Leli qembu lahlanganyela kubakhiqizi abaningi, kanye nabo baqala umsebenzi ku-albhamu yokuqala. Kamuva, yabizwa ngokuthi Ooooooohhh futhi yakhululwa ngoFebhuwari 1992.
Ukukhishwa kube yimpumelelo enkulu futhi ngokushesha kwathola isitifiketi "segolide" kanye "seplatinum". Ngezindlela eziningi, lo mphumela wafinyelelwa ngokusatshalaliswa okufanele kwezindima. Futhi akugcini nje ngokuphathelene nabakhiqizi nababhali bezingoma. Iqiniso liwukuthi intombazane ngayinye eqenjini yayimele uhlobo lwayo. U-Tionne wayenesibopho se-funk, uLisa wadlwengula, futhi u-Rozonda wabonisa isitayela se-R&B.
Ngemva kwalokho, iqembu lathola impumelelo emangalisayo kwezohwebo, engazange yenze ukuphila kwamantombazane kungabi namafu. Inkinga yokuqala kwaba ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi phakathi kwabaculi nabakhiqizi. Naphezu kwenani elibalulekile lamakhonsathi, izimali ezingasho lutho zakhokhelwa abahlanganyeli. Umphumela waba ukuthi amantombazane ashintsha abaphathi, kodwa basenenkontileka nePebbitone.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, u-Lopez wayenenkinga yokuluthwa utshwala obunamandla, okwabangela izinkinga eziningi. Ngo-1994, washisa umuzi wesoka lakhe lakudala. Umuzi washa, lo mculi wavela phambi kwenkantolo, yamyalela ukuba akhokhe isinxephezelo esikhulu. Le mali bekumele inikezwe iqembu lonke lindawonye. Noma kunjalo, impumelelo yaleli qembu kwezohwebo, kanye nokuthandwa kwalo, kwaqhubeka kwanda.
Esicongweni sodumo
Ukukhishwa kwesibili kwe-Crazy Sexy Cool kwakhululwa ngo-1994, abasebenzi abakhiqizayo basuswa ngokuphelele ku-albhamu yokuqala. Ukubambisana okunjalo kwaphinde kwaholela kumphumela omangalisayo - i-albhamu ithengiswe kahle, amantombazane amenywa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo ze-TV, amakhonsathi e-TLC ahlelwe emazweni amaningana.
Iqembu lingene kuzo zonke izinhlobo eziphezulu nge-albhamu entsha. Kuze kube manje, ukukhishwa sekuqinisekisiwe ngedayimane. Izingoma ezimbalwa eziphuma ku-albhamu zibe phezulu kumashadi omhlaba amaviki amaningi. I-albhamu ibe yimpumelelo.
Amavidiyo aqoshwe ukuze akhishwe afanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile. Isiqeshana sevidiyo se-Waterfalls (esinesabelomali esingaphezu kwesigidi esingu-$1) sithole imiklomelo eminingana esezingeni eliphezulu embonini yokukhiqiza amavidiyo. Ngenxa ye-albhamu, iqembu le-TLC liwine izindondo ezimbili ze-Grammy ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ngo-1995, abathathu base bethandwa kakhulu, kodwa lokhu akuzange kuxazulule izinkinga zangaphambilini. U-Liza, njengangaphambili, wayenenkinga yotshwala, futhi phakathi nonyaka amantombazane athi alahlekelwe. Bathi kungenxa yesikweletu sikaLopez (iqembu elakhokhela intombi ngokushisa umuzi womunye umuntu). Futhi nezindleko mayelana nokwelashwa kwe-Watkins (ngokuphathelene nesifo, esatholakala ebuntwaneni, wayedinga ukwelashwa njalo).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaculi bathi bathola imali engaphansi ngokuphindwe kashumi kunaleyo eyayicatshangwa ekuqaleni. Le nkampani iphendule ngokuthi amantombazane awanazo izinkinga zezimali akhuluma ngawo futhi akubize ngesifiso sokuthola imali eyengeziwe. Ukuqulwa kwecala kwathatha unyaka. Ngenxa yalokho, inkontileka yanqanyulwa, futhi iqembu lathenga uphawu lokuthengisa lwe-TLC.
Ngemva kwesikhashana, inkontileka yaphinde yasayinwa. Nokho, kulokhu kakade kulezo zimo ezazifaneleka kakhudlwana kubadlali. I-Left Eye (u-Lopez) waqala ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuhlanganyela emsebenzini eyedwa futhi wabhala izingoma ezimbalwa ezidumile ngabaculi be-rap ne-R&B bangaleso sikhathi.
Izingxabano zamaqembu
Iqembu liqale ukuqopha ukukhishwa kwesitudiyo sesithathu, kodwa lapha banezinkinga ezintsha. Kulokhu kube nokungqubuzana nomdidiyeli u-Dallas Austin. Wayefuna ukuthotshelwa ngokuphelele kwezimfuneko zakhe futhi efuna ukuba nezwi lokugcina lapho kuziwa endabeni yokudala. Lokhu akubaphathanga kahle abaculi, okugcine kuholele ekutheni kube nokungaboni ngasolinye.
U-Lopez udale iphrojekthi yakhe ye-Blaque eyimpumelelo, eyaduma ngasekupheleni kwawo-1990. I-albhamu ithengise kahle. Futhi i-Left Eye manje isidumile hhayi nje kuphela njengomdlali, kodwa futhi njengomkhiqizi omuhle kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokuphikisana, ukukhululwa kwe-Fan Mail yesithathu akuzange kuphume kuze kube ngu-1999. Naphezu kwalokhu kubambezeleka (iminyaka emine isidlulile kusukela ekukhululweni kwediski yesibili), irekhodi lalithandwa kakhulu, liqinisekisa isimo seqembu labesifazane elidume kakhulu labathathu.
Njengasemuva kwempumelelo yangaphambili, kwaba khona ukwehluleka njalo ngemva kwentsha. Ukungqubuzana sekukhulile phakathi kweqembu, ikakhulukazi okuhlobene nokunganeliseki ngezindima zeqembu. U-Lopez wayengajabule ngokuthi wadlwengula kuphela, kuyilapho angathanda ukuqopha izingxenye zezwi ezigcwele. Ngenxa yalokho, uhlele ukukhipha i-albhamu eyedwa. Kodwa ngenxa yengoma engaphumelelanga ethi The Block Party, ayizange ikhishwe e-United States.
Umsebenzi owengeziwe weqembu
I-albhamu yokuqala kaLisa eyedwa kuvele ukuthi "yehluleka". Wanquma ukungadikibali wabe eseqala ukusebenza kucwecwe lesibili. Kodwa ukukhululwa kwakhe kwakungakaze kumiselwe ukuba kwenzeke. Ngo-Ephreli 25, 2002 u-Lopez washona engozini yemoto.
U-Rosanda no-Tionne ngemuva kwesikhathi banquma ukukhipha okokugcina, okwesine ukukhululwa kwe-"3D". Kumathrekhi amaningana ungakwazi futhi ukuzwa izwi le-Left Eye. I-albhamu yakhululwa ekupheleni kuka-2002 futhi yabonakala iphumelele kwezohwebo. Amantombazane anquma ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi wawo njenge-duo. Eminyakeni engu-15 eyalandela, bakhipha izingoma zomuntu ngamunye kuphela, babamba iqhaza kumakhonsathi ahlukahlukene kanye nezinhlelo zethelevishini. Ngo-2017 kuphela lapho ukukhululwa kwesihlanu kokugcina "TLC" (yegama elifanayo) kwaphuma.
Ikhishwe kulebula yomculi, ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwelebula enkulu. Izimali zaqoqwa abalandeli bokudala, kanye nezinkanyezi ezidumile zesigcawu saseMelika. Ezinsukwini ezimbili nje ngemuva kokumenyezelwa kwe-fundraiser, imali engaphezu kuka-$ 150 iqoqwe.
Ngaphezu kokukhishwa okuphelele, ibhendi iphinde yakhipha inqwaba yokuqoshwa okuvela kumakhonsathi abukhoma nokuhlanganisa. I-albhamu yokugcina yaphuma ngo-2013.
