U-Tom Waits ungumculi ongenakulingisa onesitayela esiyingqayizivele, izwi lesiginesha elihoshozayo nendlela ekhethekile yokusebenza. Ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 yomsebenzi wakhe wokudala, usekhiphe ama-albhamu amaningi futhi waba nenkanyezi kumafilimu amaningi.
Lokhu akuzange kuthinte imvelaphi yakhe, futhi wahlala njengasekuqaleni engumdlali ongahlelekile futhi okhululekile wesikhathi sethu.
Ngesikhathi esebenza emisebenzini yakhe, akazange acabange ngempumelelo yezezimali. Umgomo oyinhloko uwukudala umhlaba "ongavamile" ngaphandle kwama-canon amisiwe namathrendi.
Ubuntwana kanye nentsha yokudala u-Tom Waits
UTom Alan Waits wazalwa ngoDisemba 7, 1949 ePomona, eCalifornia. Ihlongandlebe elivela embelekweni lazalwa lihamba ngemoto imizuzu embalwa ukusuka esibhedlela sokubeletha.
Abazali bakhe bangothisha abavamile abasebenza esikoleni sendawo, futhi okhokho bakhe bangamaNorwegian namaScots.
Lapho umfana eneminyaka engu-11 ubudala, abazali bakhe bahlukana, futhi uTom nonina baphoqeleka ukuba balibangise eningizimu yeCalifornia. Lapho waqhubeka nokuthola imfundo yakhe yamabanga aphansi eSan Diego School. Kakade esemncane waqala ukubhala izinkondlo futhi waba nesithakazelo sokudlala upiyano.
Ngisemncane, ngafunda uJack Kerauka futhi ngilalele uBob Dillan. Akazange akhohlwe ngama-classics futhi wancoma uLouis Armstrong noCole Porter. Ubuciko bezithombe bakhe ukunambitheka komuntu ngamunye, okuhlanganisa i-jazz, blues, ne-rock.
Wayengeyena umfundi okhuthele wekilasi futhi ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu, ngaphandle kokungabaza, wathola umsebenzi endaweni encane ye-pizzeria. Ngemuva kwalokho uzonikezela izingoma ezimbili kulesi sigaba sempilo yakhe.
Ngaphambi kokuba aqale umsebenzi wakhe wokudala, u-Waits wasebenza ku-Coast Guard futhi wasebenza njengonogada we-nightclub e-Los Angeles.
Umculi uvame ukukhumbula leso sikhathi, ngoba kungaleso sikhathi lapho ebhala khona "ingxoxo" engenalutho yezivakashi encwadini yakhe yokubhalela. Amazwibela angahleliwe anenanelo yomculo amshukumisela emcabangweni wokuzidlalela yena.
Umculo kaTom Waits
Isethulo sokuqala sobuciko saziswa ngokushesha, futhi uTom wasayina ngokushesha inkontileka yakhe yokuqala nomdidiyeli uHerb Cohen.
Ngo-1973, umculi waqopha i-albhamu yokuqala ye-Closing Time, kodwa yayingadumile. Ukunqotshwa okuncane kunolunye uhlangothi - abagxeki abazimele babhekisisa umculi futhi bambikezela ngekusasa eliqhakazile.
Ngonyaka olandelayo, umculi wakhulula ama-albhamu angu-7 ahlotshaniswa nesazi sefilosofi-isidakwa, esifakazela indlela yokuphila ehambisanayo kuma-motel ashibhile kanye nogwayi waphakade emlonyeni.
Ukubhema kwaba nomthelela ezwini elithi "sanding", elaba uphawu lomculi. Ngo-1976 kwakhululwa i-Small Change. Ngenxa yalokhu kushintsha kwezenzakalo, wathola imali ehloniphekile futhi wathandwa kakhulu.
Naphezu kwalokhu, uTom waqhubeka ekhuluma ngabahambi nabalahlekile ngokuhambisana ne-saxophone nama-bass aphindwe kabili. Ngo-1978, impumelelo yahlanganiswa ne-Blue Valentine disc, esenemigqa eminingi engcolile nezindaba ezigcwele izenzo.
Ngawo-1980, isethulo sashintsha kakhulu - izingqikithi ezintsha nezinsimbi zavela. Ushintsho lwahlanganiswa nemizwa emikhulu eyayigubuzele indoda.
Wahlangana nothando - uKathleen Brennan, owathuthukisa indlela yakhe yokuphila nesitayela sokudala. Ngo-1985, wakhipha i-albhamu ethi Rain Dogs, futhi abahleli bayifaka ohlwini lwamarekhodi avelele angama-500 esikhathi sonke.
Ngo-1992, kwakhululwa iminyaka engu-10 yokukhululwa kwe-Bon Machine, ngenxa yokuthi wathola indondo yakhe yokuqala ye-Grammy, futhi ngo-1999 waqokwa njenge-"Best Modern Folk Album".
I-Discography ye-Waits ihlanganisa amarekhodi angu-2, awokugcina akhululwa ngo-2011 futhi alindelwe abalandeli. U-Keith Richards noFlea babambe iqhaza ekurekhodeni kwakhe.
Ngawo lowo nyaka, wazuza udumo futhi wangena e-Rock and Roll Hall, lapho abantu abanethonya nababalulekile bemiselwe ukuthola khona.
Umsebenzi wokulingisa weciko
Emuva ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970, lo mfana wayethanda amafilimu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wayezifunela yena njengomdlali nomqambi wamafilimu.
Abaqondisi uJim Jarmusch kanye noTerry Gilliam basebenzisane kumafilimu afana ne-Outlaw, Coffee and Cigarettes, kanye ne-Mystery Train. Ngakho kwaqala ubungane obuqinile, lapho uJim ashuthela umngane iziqeshana zevidiyo, futhi wabhala izingoma zefilimu.
Ngo-1983, uFrancis Ford Coppola (owaziwa kakhulu waseHollywood wakudala) waphawula ikhono lomqambi futhi wamema ukuba adlale indima efilimini ethi Cast Away. Khona-ke bahlangana izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa emsebenzini ifilimu "Dracula", "Fish Rumble".
Indoda namanje ayishiyi i-cinema futhi ohlwini lwamafilimu ngokubamba iqhaza kwakhe ungabona: "I-Ballad ye-Buster Scruggs", "i-Psychopaths eyisikhombisa", "I-Imaginarium kaDokotela Parnassus".
Impilo yomuntu siqu kaThomas Alan
Umhlangano noKathleen washintsha impilo nezwe elingaphakathi lomdlali. Ngaphambi kokuthandana kwabo, wayenabesifazane, kodwa akekho owayengaqonda umphefumulo wakhe wokudala.
Engazi ngomhlangano, wayezibheka njengomuntu onesifo sesibindi nenhliziyo ephukile, futhi wakwazi ukushintsha yonke into. Bahlangana ngo-1978 lapho uTom ezama isandla sakhe njengomlingisi wefilimu ethi Hell's Kitchen, futhi umkakhe wesikhathi esizayo wayengumbhali wesikrini.
Manje banezingane ezintathu zokudala - uCasey, uKelly noSullivan. Umndeni uhlala endlini ethokomele eSonoma County (California).
Ngokungalindelekile kuwo wonke umuntu, u-Waits waba indoda yomndeni eyisibonelo eyakhetha ukuchitha isikhathi nomndeni wayo endlini egcwele ukuhleka nomsindo. UTom useyekile ukuphuza ngokweqile.
UKateley ungumkhiqizi kanye nombhali wezingoma eziningi. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umngane womshado ungumlingani oyinhloko kanye nomgxeki wenhloso, umbono wakhe uhlala ubalulekile futhi ubalulekile kuye.
