U-Yma Sumac udonse ukunaka komphakathi hhayi nje kuphela ngenxa yezwi lakhe elinamandla elinama-octave angu-5. Wayengumnikazi wokubukeka okungavamile. Wayehlukaniswa umlingiswa oqinile kanye nesethulo sokuqala sezinto zomculo.
Ubuntwana nobusha
Igama langempela lomculi nguSoila Augusta Empress Chavarri del Castillo. Usuku lokuzalwa lukasaziwayo lungoSepthemba 13, 1922. Igama lakhe belilokhu limbozwe iveli lezimfihlo nezimfihlakalo. Maye, ababhali bomlando wokuphila bahlulekile ukusungula indawo lapho lo saziwayo azalelwa khona.
Wakhulela emkhayeni omkhulu wothisha ovamile. Abazali bentombazane babengabasePeruvia ngokobuzwe. Kusukela esemncane, uSoila walithola ikhono lomculo, futhi nangaphambi kwalokho, wahlaba abazali bakhe umxhwele ngekhono lakhe lokudlala imisindo ehlukahlukene.
Intombazane ayizange ibone ukuthi yayikhethekile. Wayenezwi eliwumlingo okwathi ngemizuzwana yokuqala lahlaba umxhwele ngisho nabadlula ngendlela. Ngokumangalisayo, wathuthukisa amakhono akhe ezwi eyedwa, edlula izikhungo zemfundo nothisha abanolwazi.
Indlela yokudala ye-Yma Sumac
Ekuqaleni kwawo-40, wamenywa emsakazweni wase-Argentina. Abalaleli, abathole inhlanhla yokuthokozela uju lwezwi lalo mculi, bagcwala umsakazo ngezinhlamvu ukuze iYma Sumac iphinde ibonakale emsakazweni. Ngonyaka wama-43 wekhulu leminyaka elidlule, waqopha izingoma zomdabu zasePeru eziyishumi nambili esitudiyo sokuqopha sase-Odeon.
Abazali babengafuni indodakazi yabo ishiye izwe lakubo. Ngo-1946, kwadingeka enze okuphambene nentando kanina nenhloko yomkhaya. Ngokushesha wabonakala kuSouth American Music Festival eCarnegie Hall. Izithameli zishayele lo mculi ihlombe elinamandla. Bekuwumdlalo omuhle owavula umnyango wekusasa elihle le-Yma Sumac.
Iningi labadidiyeli abebefuna ukusebenza nalo mculi bebevele belahlekile kulolu hlelo. Akekho owayazi ukuthi lisetshenziswa kanjani izwi elinamandla kangaka. Wayelazi kahle ikhono lakhe lokukhuluma. Umculi wasuka kalula ku-baritone waya ku-soprano.
Ekuqaleni konyaka wama-50 wekhulu elidlule, wanquma ukuthatha isinyathelo esinesibindi. Lo mculi usayine inkontileka neCapitol Records. Ngokushesha kwethulwa i-LP yokuqala yenzeka. Irekhodi lalibizwa nge-Voice of the Xtabay. Ukukhishwa kweqoqo kuphawule ukuvulwa kwekhasi elisha ngokuphelele kumlando wokudala we-Yma Sumac enekhono.
I-Yma Sumac tour
Ngemuva kokwethulwa kwe-albhamu yakhe yokuqala, wahamba nokuvakasha. Izinhlelo zalo mculi bezibandakanya uhambo lwamasonto amabili kuphela, kodwa kukhona okungahambanga kahle. Lolu hambo lwathatha izinyanga eziyisithupha. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umsebenzi wakhe awuzange ube nesithakazelo kuphela ezweni lakubo, kodwa futhi ensimini yeSoviet Union ngaleso sikhathi. Isikhathi eside wahlala eyintandokazi ethandwayo emphakathini.
Ukukhululwa kwe-Mambo! kanye noFuego del Ande bakhulise ukuthandwa komculi. Naphezu kwalokhu, isimo sakhe esingokwezimali sasingathandeki. I-Yma Sumac yayingakwazi ngisho nokukhokha izintela. Ngaphandle kokucabanga kabili, wahlela olunye uhambo, olwamsiza kakhulu umculi ukuba andise iholo lakhe. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umculi wavakashela amadolobha angaphezu kuka-40 e-USSR.
Amahemuhemu athi uNikita Khrushchev ngokwakhe wayehlanya ngezwi laphezulu lika-Imu Sumak. Wakhokhela umculi izimali ezinkulu ezivela kumgcinimafa wombuso ukuze avakashele eSoviet Union. Ngenxa yokuthi wayengekho esimweni esihle kakhulu sezimali, umculi wavuma ukwelula ukuvakasha ezinye izinyanga eziyisithupha.
Mhlawumbe inkanyezi yayiyothola ubuzwe e-USSR, uma kungenjalo ngecala elilodwa elithakazelisayo. Ngesinye isikhathi, kwelinye lamakamelo ehhotela laseSoviet, wathola iphela. U-Imu wamcasula kakhulu lokhu kangangokuthi wanquma ngokushesha ukulishiya izwe. U-Khrushchev, ukubeka kancane, wathukuthela ngobuqili basePeruvia. Ngalo lolo suku wasayina lo mthetho. Ufake ohlwini olumnyama igama elithi Yma Sumac. Akabange esacula kuleliya lizwe.
Ukwehla kokuduma kweciko
Ekuqaleni kwawo-70s, ukuthandwa komdlali kancane kancane kwaqala ukufiphala. Wanikeza amakhonsathi angavamile futhi wayeka ukusebenza esitudiyo sokuqopha. Akazange abe namahloni ngalesi simo. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Yma Sumac izojabulela zonke izinto ezijabulisayo zempilo yomphakathi.
“Sekuphele iminyaka eminingi ngicula ngiphinde ngidlale esiteji. Ngicabanga ukuthi ngisayine izigidi zama-autographs ngaleso sikhathi. Sekuyisikhathi sokuphumula. Manje nginezinye izinto eziza kuqala empilweni…”, - kusho umculi.
Maphakathi nawo-90s, umculi usacula kumahholo ekhonsathi ahamba phambili. Izwi lomculi laqhubeka nokujabulisa izethameli. Emarekhodini alesi sikhathi, izingoma zomculo zaseNdiya ezithakazelayo zixubene nezigqi ezazidumile ngaleso sikhathi ze-carnival rumba kanye newashi elithi cha-cha-cha.
Imininingwane yempilo yomuntu siqu yeciko
Ngo-June 6, 1942, wabhalisa ubuhlobo noMoises Vivanko othakazelisayo. Ngenxa yakhe, wakwazi ukuqaphela umculo, futhi izwi lakhe laqala ukuzwakala licwebe nakakhulu. Ekupheleni kwawo-40, owesifazane wabeletha ingane yakhe yokuqala kumyeni wakhe.
U-Yma Sumac wayengumnikazi, ukubeka kancane, hhayi umlingiswa ovuma kakhulu. Wayevame ukunikeza le ndoda amahlazo emphakathini. Uze wamsola nangokungena ekubhaleni imisebenzi yakhe yomculo. Ekupheleni kweminyaka engu-50, bahlukana, kodwa uthando lwaba namandla kunokucasuka, futhi baqala ukubona lo mbhangqwana ndawonye. Kodwa, abakwazanga ukugwema isehlukaniso. Ngo-1965 bahlukana.
Wabe eseqashelwa ebudlelwaneni nomculi uLes Baxter. Le noveli ayizange ithuthukiswe. Empilweni yakhe kwakukhona amanoveli amafushane, kodwa, maye, akukho lutho olunzima olwavela kulo.
Indawo ezungezile yalesi sihlabani iqinisekise ukuthi inomlingisi oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Isibonelo, angakhansela ikhonsathi ngobusuku bangaphambi komdlalo. U-Yma wayevame ukulwa nabaphathi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi wayexabana nabalandeli lapho beqa imingcele yomuntu siqu kaSumac.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo nge-Yma Sumac
- Wayekwazi ukulingisa amazwi ezinyoni.
- Ku-biography yakhe yokudala, kwakukhona indawo yokuqopha kumafilimu. Amafilimu agqamile ngokuhlanganyela kwakhe abizwa ngokuthi: "Imfihlo yama-Inca" kanye "nomculo njalo".
- Igama lokuqamba elithi Imma Sumack laqanjwa ngumyeni wakhe.
- Wakwazi ukuthola ubuzwe baseMelika.
- Inkulumo edume kakhulu yomculi ithi: "Amathalenta awazalelwa eNew York kuphela."
Ukufa kwe-Yma Sumac
Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe wayephila ukuphila okusesilinganisweni. Wazama ukufihla imininingwane yomlando wakhe ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, wathi wazalwa ngo-1927, kodwa kamuva, umngane wakhe oseduze watshela i-Associated Press ukuthi usuku oluhlukile lokuzalwa kwakhe lwaqoshwa kumethrikhi ye-Sumac: Septhemba 13, 1922.
Ngisho esekhulile wayethi uphile saka. USumak wayekholelwa ukuthi ukudla okufanele kanye nesimiso sansuku zonke kuwukuvimbela okungcono kakhulu kwezifo eziningi. Wadla imifino nezithelo eziningi, inyama nenhlanzi ethanda ukubila ngesitimu noma ukubhaka. Ukudla kwakhe kwakuwukudla okunempilo kuphela.
Impilo yakhe yaphela ngoNovemba 1, 2008 ekhaya lasebekhulile eLos Angeles. Enye yezimbangela zokufa kwaba isimila emathunjini amakhulu.
