U-Edvard Grieg ungumqambi nombhidisi waseNorway ohlakaniphile. Ungumbhali wemisebenzi emangalisayo engu-600. UGrieg wayephakathi nendawo ekuthuthukisweni kwe-romanticism, ngakho izingoma zakhe zazigcwele izingoma zomculo nokukhanya komculo. Imisebenzi ye-maestro isadumile nanamuhla. Zisetshenziswa njengezingoma zomsindo zamafilimu nezinhlelo ze-TV.
U-Edvard Grieg: Ubuntwana nobusha
Wazalwa ngo-1843 eBergen. UGrieg wakhulela emndenini ohlakaniphile, lapho babengahloniphi izinkondlo kuphela, kodwa futhi nomculo. U-Edward, wakhumbula isikhathi sakhe sobuntwana ngendlela enhle kuphela.
Ukweleta uthando lwakhe lobuciko kunina, umdlali wopiyano omangalisayo nomculi. Wakhulisa izingane zakhe emisebenzini yokungafi kaMozart noChopin. U-Edward wahlala phansi epiyano okokuqala eneminyaka emithathu, futhi kakade eneminyaka engu-5 waqamba umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala.
I-maestro esencane yabhala ingoma yepiyano ineminyaka engu-12. Ngokuncoma kukathisha wakhe, wangena eLeipzig Conservatory. Uthisha owafunda no-Edward wabikezela ikusasa elihle kuye, kodwa uGrieg ngokwakhe wayengabaza ubuchwepheshe bukathisha, ngakho wenqaba izinkonzo zakhe.
Indlela yokudala yomqambi u-Edvard Grieg
Ngesikhathi efunda esikhungweni sokunakekela izingane, uGrieg wamunca ulwazi njengesipontshi. Phakathi neminyaka yakhe yokufunda, wabhala izingcezu ezimbalwa zepiyano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi nalesi sikhathi, i-maestro yakha izingoma ezi-4 zothando.
Akubanga nzima kuye ukuthi athole iziqu zakhe e-conservatory. Wayeyintandokazi yoprofesa nothisha. Abeluleki babone kuye umqambi wokuqala ngokungangabazeki owayezofaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni komculo we-classic.
Ngemva kokuphothula e-Conservatory, u-Edward uzobamba ikhonsathi yakhe yokuqala eSwitzerland. Nokho ngeke ahlale kuleli. Wakhangwa yi-Motherland, ngakho waya eBergen.
Wahlala eCopenhagen. Ngawo-60 waqamba izingcezu zepiyano eziyisithupha ezinhle kakhulu. Ngokushesha wahlanganisa imisebenzi yaba Izithombe Ezinkondlo. Okugqame kakhulu kule misebenzi, ngokusho kwabagxeki bomculo, kwakuwukunambitheka kwezwe.
Ukusungulwa komphakathi womculo
Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, uGrieg nabanye abaqambi baseDenmark basungula umphakathi womculo we-Euterp. Baphishekele umgomo wokwethula abathandi bomculo wakudala emisebenzini yabaqambi baseDenmark. Lesi sikhathi sesikhathi kumlando wokudala kaGrieg simakwe ngokwethulwa kwengoma ethi "Humoresque", i-overture ethi "Autumn" kanye ne-First Violin Sonata.
Umqambi wakhuphuka ngokushesha izinga lomsebenzi. Ngokushesha i-maestro, kanye nomkakhe, bathuthela endaweni yase-Oslo. UGrieg wanikezwa isikhundla sokuba umqhubi wePhilharmonic yendawo.
Kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho kwaphawulwa khona ukudlondlobala komlando wobuciko bomculi. Wethule abalandeli bakhe ikhophi yencwadi ethi "Lyric Pieces", the Second Violin Sonata, kanye nomjikelezo ongafi "25 Norwegian Folk Songs and Dances".
Ngo-1870, uGrieg waba nenhlanhla yokwazi umqambi uLiszt. Owakamuva wajabula ngempela ngemva kokuzwa I-Violin yokuqala ye-Maestro Sonata. U-List ubonge kaningi u-Edward ngokusekela kwakhe.
Obunye ubufakazi bokuthandwa kukaGrieg yiqiniso lokuthi ngeminyaka yama-70s uhulumeni waqoka i-maestro inkokhelo yokuphila konke. Ngakho, izikhulu zazifuna ukugcina "ukukhanya" komqambi.
Lesi sikhathi siyathakazelisa futhi ngoba umculi ujwayelana nembongi uHenrik Ibsen. UGrieg wayeyithanda imisebenzi yakhe eseyingane. U-Edward wabhala okuhambisana nomculo wedrama ka-Ibsen. Sikhuluma ngengoma ethi "Peer Gynt". Lo mcimbi uholele ekutheni i-maestro iphenduke usaziwayo wamazwe ngamazwe.
Ngemva kwalezi zenzakalo, Grieg wabuyela ezweni lakubo zomlando hhayi kuphela njengoba ethandwa, kodwa futhi njengoba umqambi ocebile. Lapho efika, wahlala villa "Trollhaugen", lapho asebenza kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe.
Umaestro wahlatshwa umxhwele ubuhle bendawo lapho ifa lakhe lalikhona. Lokhu kugqugquzele uGrieg ukuthi abhale izingoma ezithi "Procession of the Dwarves", "Kobold", "Songs of Solveig" kanye neshumi nambili lamagumbi ahlakaniphile.
Wabhalela abangani bakhe okuningi. Ezincwadini zakhe uchaze ubuhle baseNorway ebabazekayo. Wayecula ngemvelo futhi edlulisa bonke ubuqili bezakhi zemvelo. Izingoma zakhe kusukela esikhathini sempilo yakhe eseTrollhaugen zingamahubo amahlathi amakhulu nemifula esheshayo.
Ukuhamba komqambi u-Edvard Grieg
Naphezu kokukhula kwakhe, u-maestro uhamba kakhulu eYurophu. Ngokuvakashela izihloko zamasiko, uyaqhubeka nokuvakasha, ejabulisa abalandeli bomsebenzi wakhe ngokusebenza okumangalisayo kwamahithi angenakufa.
Ekupheleni 80s, umculi uhlangana umqambi Russian UPyotr Tchaikovsky. Baqondana kusukela ngemizuzwana yokuqala. Ukwazana kwabaqambi kwakhula kwaba ubungane obuqinile. UTchaikovsky wanikezela iHamlet Overture kuGrieg. UPeter wawuncoma umsebenzi wozakwabo wangaphandle ezincwadini zakhe zesikhumbuzo.
Eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, i-maestro izokhipha indaba ye-autobiographical ethi "Impumelelo Yami Yokuqala". Abalandeli baphinde bababaza ithalente lobunkondlo le-maestro. Abagxeki baphawule isitayela sokukhanya somqambi. Ngokuhlekisayo watshela umfundi ukuthi umsebenzi wakhe wakhula kanjani: ukusuka kunkosi engaziwa ukuya esifanekisweni sangempela sezigidi.
UGrieg akazange ashiye isiteji kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe. Amakhonsathi okugcina e-maestro ayebanjelwe eDenmark, eNorway naseNetherlands.
U-Edvard Grieg: Imininingwane yempilo yakhe yomuntu siqu
Njengoba kuphawuliwe engxenyeni yokuqala yalesi sihloko, ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni sokugcina izingane, u-Edward wathuthela eCopenhagen. Inhliziyo yakhe yatholwa umzala wakhe uNina Hagerup. UGrieg wabona le ntombazane okokugcina eneminyaka engu-8 kuphela. Ehlangana naye futhi, u-Edward waphawula ukuthi wayeqhakaza futhi emuhle kakhulu.
Izihlobo zacasulwa ukuthi uGrieg wayezama ukunakekela lo buhle obusha. I-maestro ngokwayo yayingenandaba nentukuthelo yabantu angabazi. Wenza uNina isithembiso somshado. Ukulahlwa komphakathi kanye nezibopho zomndeni akuzange kuvimbele abasha ekwenzeni ubuhlobo babo bube semthethweni. Bashada ngo-1867. Ukucindezela kokuziphatha kwaphoqa umkhaya ukuba uthuthele endaweni yase-Oslo, futhi eminyakeni embalwa kamuva lo mbhangqwana waba nengane. Abazali abajabule baqamba intombazane u-Alexander.
Intombazane yashona isewusana. Ingane kwatholakala ukuthi ine-meningitis, futhi yilesi sifo esibulalayo esathatha impilo yentombazane. UGrieg noNina baphatheke kabi kakhulu ngokulahlekelwa. Umshado wabo wawusesimeni esihle. Lo wesifazane akakwazanga ukusinda ngokwengqondo elahlekelwa ingane. UNina wacindezeleka. Ngokushesha wafaka isehlukaniso.
Ukuhamba komkakhe uGrieg kwakubhekwa njengokukhaphela. Wayemthanda uNina futhi engafuni ukudivosa. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokuhlangenwe nakho, umculi watholakala enesifo se-pleurisy, esasongela ukukhula abe nesifo sofuba. Ukugula komqambi kwahlanganisa izinhliziyo zabashade nabo bangaphambili. UNina wabuyela ku-maestro futhi wanakekela u-Edward.
Kwakungowesifazane owakhuthaza ukwakha i-villa ngaphandle kwedolobha. Kamuva, uGrieg uzobonga uNina ngalo mbono, njengoba kulapha lapho athola khona ukuthula.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngomqambi
- U-Grieg uqambe izingoma kuphela ngokuthula okuphelele. Mhlawumbe yingakho wakha indlu kude nomsindo womuzi.
- Wayedlala upiyano neviolin ngobuchule.
- Ngokungafani nozakwabo abaningi esiteji, uGrieg wazama ukungagxeki abaqambi nabaculi.
- Wayephethe isikhumbuzo, okwakuyixoxo lobumba elincane.
- Wakwazi ukucasula inkosi yaseNorway ngokwakhe. Ngesikhathi emnika lo myalelo, uGrieg wayengazi ukuthi uzowulenga kuphi lo mklomelo, wavele wawufaka ephaketheni lakhe elingemuva.
Ukufa kwe-maestro
Entwasahlobo ka-1907, umqambi waqhubeka nolunye uhambo. Ngemva kwalokho, wayefuna ukuya ohambweni lwase-UK. Wathatha uhambo nomkakhe, bazinza kwelinye lamahhotela endawo, u-maestro wazizwa engaphilile neze. Wathunyelwa esibhedlela ngesikhathi.
Udlule emhlabeni ngoSepthemba 4. Ngalolu suku, cishe zonke izakhamuzi zaseNorway zalila i-maestro enkulu. U-Edward wanikeza ifa lokulothisa isidumbu futhi angcwabe umlotha eduze kwevilla. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi umlotha waphinde wangcwatshwa emathuneni aseNinu Hagerup.
I-villa, lapho umqambi ehlala khona iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, ivulekele abalandeli bomqambi omkhulu nomculi. Izimpahla zikaGrieg, umsebenzi wakhe kanye nezinto zakhe siqu zigcinwe esakhiweni. Umkhathi obusa kule villa udlulisa kahle umlingiswa womnikazi wayo. Ukuhlonipha uGrieg, imigwaqo yedolobha lakubo ibizwa ngokuthi. Ngenxa yemisebenzi emihle yomculo, inkumbulo ye-maestro izophila phakade.
