U-Lee Perry ungomunye wabaculi baseJamaican abadume kakhulu. Emsebenzini omude wokudala, akazange azibone njengomculi kuphela, kodwa futhi njengomdidiyeli.
Umuntu obalulekile wohlobo lwe-reggae ukwazile ukusebenza nabaculi abavelele njenga Bob Marley kanye noMax Romeo. Wayehlale evivinya umsindo womculo. Ngendlela, u-Lee Perry wayengomunye wabokuqala ukuthuthukisa isitayela se-dub.
I-Dub iwuhlobo lomculo olwasungulwa ekuqaleni kwawo-70s wekhulu leminyaka eledlule e-Jamaica. Amaculo okuqala athi afane ne-reggae enamaphimbo asusiwe (kwesinye isikhathi ngokwengxenye). Kusukela maphakathi nawo-70s, i-dub isiphenduke into ezimele, ethathwa njengenhlobonhlobo ehlolwayo neyengqondo ye-reggae.
Iminyaka yobuntwana nobusha ka-Lee Perry
Igama langempela lomculi lizwakala njengoRainford Hugh Perry. Usuku lokuzalwa komculi nomdidiyeli waseJamaican nguMashi 20, 1936. Udabuka edolobhaneni elincane laseKendal.
Wakhulela emndenini omkhulu. Ububi obuyinhloko bobuntwana bakhe - u-Lee Perry ubelokhu ecabangela ubumpofu. Inhloko yomndeni wakwaspruce yayiziphilisa. Wasebenza njengomakhi wemigwaqo. Umama wazama ukusisebenzisa ngokugcwele isikhathi sezingane. Wayesebenza njengomvuni emasimini endawo. Ngendlela, lona wesifazane wayekhokhelwa isenti, futhi umsebenzi womzimba wawulayishwe phezulu.
U-Lee Perry, njengabo bonke abafana, wafunda esikoleni samabanga aphezulu. Waphumelela emakilasini angu-4 kuphela, wabe eseya emsebenzini. Umfana wazama ukusekela umndeni, ngoba wayeqonda ukuthi kwakunzima kangakanani kubazali.
Isikhathi esithile wasebenza njengesisebenzi. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwavela enye into yokuzilibazisa empilweni yakhe. “Walenga” emculweni nokudansa. Empeleni uPerry wadansa kakhulu. Insizwa yaze yaqhamuka nesakhe igxathu. Wabona ukuthi ukhethekile. Umfana waqala ukuphupha ngokwakha umsebenzi wokudala.
Indlela yokudala nomculo ka-Lee Perry
Wazibekela umgomo wokuthola imali ukuze athenge isudi nemoto ehloniphekile. Imali engangiyithola yayanele ukuthenga ibhayisikili. Kuwo, u-Lee Perry waya enhloko-dolobha yaseJamaica.
Lapho efika edolobheni, wakwazi ukuthola umsebenzi kwesinye sezikhungo zokuqopha. Ekuqaleni, wenza izabelo ezihlukahlukene. U-Lee Perry wayenomthwalo wemfanelo wokuphepha kwemishini yomculo, ukuseshwa kwabaculi nokukhethwa kwamathrekhi ahambisana nezinombolo ze-choreographic.
Ngalesi sikhathi, ukhulula ingoma yakhe yokuqala eyedwa. Ngemva kwalokhu, kukhishwa olunye ucezu lomculo, okwandisa kakhulu ukuthandwa komculi. Sikhuluma ngengoma ethi Chicken Scratch. Wabe eseqala ukusayina futhi enze ngaphansi kwegama lokuqamba lokudala elithi Scratch.
Waqala umsebenzi wokudala eduze ngemva kokushiya umqashi wakhe. Ngokumangalisayo, ngesikhathi esifushane, waba ubuso obuyinhloko benhloko-dolobha yaseJamaica.
Ekushoneni kwelanga ngawo-60s wekhulu leminyaka elidlule, i-premiere yengoma ethi Long Shot yenzeka. U-Lee Perry waba iphayona "lesitayela esingaqondakali", lapho i-motif yezenkolo yayixutshwe kahle futhi yaguqulwa yaba isitayela se-reggae.
Ngokushesha kwaba negagasi lokungaqondi phakathi kwakhe nabamele indawo yokuqopha. Ukuqulwa kwamacala kudlulele ekunqanyulweni kwenkontileka kanye nokulahlekelwa ingxenye enkulu yemisebenzi ka-Lee Perry ene-copyright.
Ukusungulwa kwe-The Upsetters
Umculi wenze iziphetho ezifanele. Wabona ukuthi kwakunengqondo futhi kunenzuzo eyengeziwe ukusebenza ngokuzimela. Ngalesi sikhathi, wasungula iphrojekthi yakhe yomculo. Ingqondo yomculi yayibizwa ngokuthi The Upsetters.
Abafana bebhendi bathola ugqozi oluvela entshonalanga, kanye nemisebenzi yomculo ngesitayela somphefumulo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, njengengxenye ye-Toots & The Maytals, abaculi baqopha ama-LP ambalwa. Ngendlela, imisebenzi yabafana yayigcwele i-reggae ngokusemandleni ayo. Kancane kancane, iqembu le-Lee Perry lathola ukuthandwa emhlabeni jikelele. Lokhu kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuqala uhambo olukhulu.
Ukusungulwa kwesitudiyo sokuqopha iBlack Ark
Ekuqaleni kwawo-70s, u-Lee Perry waqala ukwakha isitudiyo se-Black Ark. I-minus yesitudiyo ukuthi yayingakwazi ukuziqhayisa ngemishini epholile yomculo. Kodwa, kwakukhona futhi ama-pluses. Ayehlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza umsindo obusha.
Isitudiyo sokuqopha sika-Lee Perry besivame ukusingatha izihlabani ezisezingeni lomhlaba. Isibonelo, uBob Marley, uPaul McCartney, iqembu lehlelo elithi The Clash eliqoshwe kulo.
Izivivinyo zomsindo zenziwe kusukela kumculi ophayona wesitayela somculo we-dub. Isitudiyo sokuqopha sisebenze iminyaka eminingana futhi, ngomqondo oyiqiniso wegama, sasha sangqongqa.
U-Lee Perry uthe yena mathupha washisa izakhiwo ukuze akhiphe imimoya emibi. Kodwa eminye imithombo ibika ukuthi umlilo uqubuke ngemuva kwezintambo ezingekho emthethweni, futhi lo mculi akafunanga ukubuyisela isitudiyo ngenxa yengcindezi yezigebengu zendawo.
Wabe eseya e-US nase-UK. Ekupheleni kwawo-90, wazinza eSwitzerland. Lapha waqala ukuphila ukuphila okusesilinganisweni. Le ndoda yagcina inciphise ukusetshenziswa kophuzo oludakayo nezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni. Lokhu kusivumele ukuthi sidale nakakhulu nangcono. Ngo-2003, i-Jamaican ET yaba inhlanganisela ehamba phambili ye-reggae. Wathola iGrammy.
Ngemva kweminyaka engu-10, uzoqamba ucezu lomculo wegeyimu yekhompyutha ethandwayo i-GTA 5. Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, umculi wethula idokhumentari lapho amaphuzu abalulekile ahlobene ne-biography yakhe yokudala acatshangelwa ngokuningiliziwe.
U-Lee Perry: imininingwane yempilo yakhe yomuntu siqu
Ngisho nangaphambi kokuthola ukuthandwa, washada nentombazane okuthiwa uRuby Williams. Inyunyana yentsha ayizange ibangele ubuhlobo obunzima. Lapho u-Lee Perry ethuthela enhloko-dolobha yaseJamaica, lo mbhangqwana wahlukana.
Isikhathi esithile wayesebudlelwaneni nentombazane ebukekayo okuthiwa uPauline Morrison. Wayemncane kunendoda ngeminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, kodwa abalingani abazange bahlazeke ngokuhlukana okukhulu kweminyaka. Ngesikhathi sihlangana wayeneminyaka engu-14 ubudala, futhi wayekhulelwe ingane yesibili. U-Lee Perry wakhulisa izingane zale ntombazane njengezihlobo.
Wabuye waqala ubuhlobo noMirei. Ngendlela, kule nyunyana yazalelwa izingane ezine. Wayethanda izindlalifa zakhe. U-Lee Perry wakhuthaza izingane ukuba zilandele ezinyathelweni zakhe.
Umculi wayengumuntu ongavamile. Wayekholelwa ezeni. Ngokwesibonelo, wenza iziphonso ezingaqondakali ukuze imishini yomculo ihlale isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, wafutha intuthu kumarekhodi lapho ehlanganisa amaqoqo, efutha uketshezi oluhlukahlukene, futhi evuthela igumbi ngamakhandlela nempepho.
Ngo-2015, esinye isitudiyo sika-Lee Perry savutha ngenxa yokuphatha umlilo ngokunganaki. Umculi ukhohlwe ukucisha ikhandlela ngaphambi kokuhamba.
Ukufa kweciko
Washona ekupheleni kuka-August 2021. Ushone kwelinye lamadolobha aseJamaica. Imbangela yokufa ibingakacaciswa.
