Ngesinye isikhathi ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, i-Radiohead yaba ngaphezu kwebhendi nje: yaba yindawo yazo zonke izinto ngokungesabi futhi i-adventure edwaleni. Isihlalo sobukhosi ngempela UDavid Bowie, I-pink Floyd и Heads Talking.
Iqembu lokugcina lanikeza iRadiohead igama lalo, iculo eliphuma ku-albhamu yalo ye-1986 ethi True Stories. Kodwa i-Radiohead ayizange izwakale ifana ne-Heads, futhi ayizange ithathe okuningi ku-Bowie ngaphandle kokuzimisela kwakhe ukuzama.
Ukwakhiwa kweqoqo le-Radiohead
Ilungu ngalinye leRadiohead lalingumfundi e-Oxfordshire Abingdon School. U-Ed O'Brien (isiginci) noPhil Selway (izigubhu) babengabadala, kulandele uThom Yorke omncane (owayecula, isiginci, upiyano) noColin Greenwood (bass).
Abaculi abane baqala ukudlala ngo-1985 futhi ngokushesha bangeza umfowabo kaColin omncane uJohnny, owayedlale I-Illiterate Hands nomfowabo kaYorke u-Andy no-Nigel Powell, eqenjini.
U-Johnny waqala ukudlala amakhibhodi kodwa kamuva washintshela kwisiginci. Ngo-1987, bonke ngaphandle kukaJohnny base beye enyuvesi, lapho abafundi abaningi bafunda khona umculo, kodwa kwaze kwafika ngo-1991 lapho i-quintet yahlangana khona futhi yaqala ukudlala njalo e-Oxford.
Bagcine bedonse amehlo kaChris Hufford - ngaleso sikhathi owayesaziwa njengophrojusa weShoegaze Slowdive - owaphakamisa ukuthi leli qembu liqophe idemo nozakwabo uBryce Edge. Ngokushesha baba abaphathi beqembu.
Ukuvula uLwesihlanu kuRadiohead
I-EMI yajwayelana namademo eqembu, yabasayinela inkontileka ngo-1991 futhi yaphakamisa ukuthi bashintshe igama labo. Ibhendi ebizwa ngokuthi On a Friday yaba Radiohead. Ngaphansi kwegama elisha, baqophe i-EP Drill yabo yokuqala noHufford kanye ne-The Edge, bakhipha irekhodi ngoMeyi 1992. Iqembu libe selingena estudiyo nabakhiqizi uPaul Caldery noSean Slade ukuze baqophe i-albhamu yabo yokuqala yobude obugcwele.
Isithelo sokuqala salezi zikhathi kwakuyi-"Creep", eyodwa eyakhululwa e-UK ngo-September 1992. "I-Creep" ayizange isakaze ndawo ekuqaleni. Izincwadi zamasonto onke zomculo wamaNgisi zayishaya indiva le khasethi, nomsakazo awuzange uyisakaze emoyeni.
Amazwibela okuqala okuduma
U-Pablo Honey, i-albhamu yokuqala yeqembu yobude obugcwele, yavela ngoFebhuwari 1993, isekelwa ingoma eyodwa ethi "Noma ubani Ongadlala Isiginci", kodwa akukho okukhishiwe okuthole ukuthandwa okukhulu ezweni lakubo lase-UK.
Nokho, ngalesi sikhathi, "Creep" yayisiqalile ukubamba ukunaka kwabalaleli bakwamanye amazwe. Ekuqaleni, leli culo lalithandwa kakhulu kwa-Israel, kodwa igagasi elikhulu lokunaka lavela e-United States, eyayithole enye inguquko ye-rock.
Isiteshi somsakazo esinamandla sase-San Francisco, i-KITS sengeze okuthi "Creep" ohlwini lwazo lwadlalwayo. Ngakho irekhodi lasabalala ogwini olusentshonalanga naku-MTV, laba yingoma yangempela. Ingoma icishe yadlula inombolo yokuqala eshadini le-Billboard Modern Rock futhi yafinyelela kunombolo-34 ku-Hot 100.
Singasho ukuthi lokhu kuyimpumelelo enkulu eqenjini lesigingci saseBrithani. I-"Creep" ephinde yakhishwa yaba i-top ten yase-UK, yafinyelela inombolo yesikhombisa ekwindla ka-1993. Iqembu elingazange liphumelele kungazelelwe selinabalandeli abaningi kunalokho ebelingakulindele.
Indlela eya ekuhlonzweni kweRadiohead
I-Radiohead iqhubekile nokuvakasha no-Pablo Honey ngo-1994, kodwa akuzange kube khona amahithi alandelayo, okwaholela abagxeki ukuba bangabaze ukuthi babeyiqembu elilodwa. Ukugxekwa okunjalo kwalithwalisa kanzima iqembu, elalifuna ukuqopha izingoma zalo ezintsha. Bathola lelo thuba ekuqaleni kuka-1994 ngesikhathi bengena estudiyo bezosebenza nomdidiyeli uJohn Leckie - ngaleso sikhathi owaziwa kakhulu ngomsebenzi wakhe ne-Stone Roses ku-EP My Iron ka-1994.
I-EP eqinile nenesifiso sokuvelela inikeze umbono omuhle wokuthi i-albhamu ethi The Bends izoba njani. Ikhishwe ngoMashi 1995, iThe Bends ikhombise ukuthi iRadiohead yayikhula ngokomculo. I-albhamu yayimnandi kakhulu futhi ihlola.
Ngemuva kwalokho, abagxeki base-UK balamukele leli qembu, futhi umphakathi wagcina ulandele okufanayo: akukho neyodwa yezingoma ezintathu zokuqala ("Okuphezulu Newomile", "Izihlahla Zepulasitiki Ezikhohlisayo", "Just") ayizange ikhuphuke ngaphezu kwe-17 e-UK. Amashadi, kodwa elokugcina elithi "Street Spirit (Fade Out)" lafinyelela inombolo yesihlanu ekupheleni kuka-1996.
E-US, i-The Bends ime kunombolo 88 kumashadi e-Billboard, kodwa irekhodi lazuza ukuduma phakathi kwabalaleli. Futhi ibhendi ayizange iyeke ukuvakasha ngalo msebenzi, ivula imibukiso yaseNyakatho Melika ye-REM ngo-1995 kanye no-Alanis Morissette ngo-1996.
I-Radiohead: Ukuphumelela konyaka
Ngo-1995 nango-1996 ibhendi yaqopha izinto ezintsha no-Nigel Godrich, umdidiyeli weqembu. Eyodwa ethi "Lucky" yavela ku-albhamu yesisa yango-1995 ethi "The Help Album", "Talk Show Host" yavela ohlangothini lwe-B, kwathi "Exit Music (For a Film)" yavela njengengoma kaBaz Luhrmann ethi "Romeo and Juliet". ".
Eyokugcina eyodwa iphinde yavela ku-OK Computer, i-albhamu kaJuni 1997 eyayibalulekile emsebenzini weRadiohead.
I-"Paranoid Android", umsebenzi omuhle okhishwe njengeyodwa ngoMeyi walowo nyaka, yafinyelela inombolo yesithathu kumashadi ase-UK. Bekuyingoma eshisa kakhulu kuze kube manje e-UK.
Ukuphumelela yilokho kanye i-OK Computer eyaba yikho, irekhodi elaphenduka ukhiye hhayi nje ku-Radiohead, kodwa futhi nedwala ngeminyaka yama-90s. Ngokubuyekezwa kwe-rave nokuthengisa okuqinile okuhambisanayo, i-OK Computer ivale iminyango ye-Britpop hedonism kanye nama-grunge motifs amnyama, ivula indlela entsha eya ku-rock yobuciko obusangulukile, obudala lapho izinto zikagesi zazihlala khona neziginci.
Eminyakeni embalwa eyalandela, ithonya leqembu lalizobonakala, kodwa i-albhamu nayo yaba nomthelela omkhulu ebhendini ngokwayo. I-albhamu ikhishwe okokuqala ngqa e-UK futhi yazuza i-Grammy ye-Best Alternative Album. URadiohead wameseka ohambweni lwamazwe ngamazwe olubhalwe efilimini ethi “Meeting People Is Easy”.
Kid A kanye ne-Amnesiac
Ngesikhathi i-Meeting People Is Easy ishisa izikhotha, leli qembu lase liqale umsebenzi ku-albhamu yalo yesine, laphinde lahlangana nomdidiyeli u-Godrich. I-albhamu eyaba umphumela, i-Kid A, iphindeke kabili ekuhloleni kwe-OK Computer, yamukela i-electronics futhi yangena ku-jazz.
Ikhishwe ngo-Okthoba 2000, i-Kid A ingenye yama-albhamu okuqala amakhulu ukuthi adliwe ngamasevisi okwabelana ngamafayela, kodwa le mikhonyovu ayizange ibe nomthelela obonakalayo ekuthengisweni kwerekhodi: i-albhamu ikhishwe okokuqala ngqa e-UK nase-US.
Futhi, i-albhamu iwine i-Best Alternative Album kuma-Grammys, futhi yize ingakhiphanga izingoma ezishisa izikhotha (ngempela azikho izingoma ezikhishwe ku-albhamu), yaqinisekiswa njengeplatinamu emazweni amaningana.
I-Amnesiac, iqoqo lezinto ezintsha ezaqala ngesikhathi seseshini ye-Kid A, yavela ngoJuni 2001, iphezulu kumashadi ase-UK futhi yafinyelela kunombolo yesibili e-US.
Amaculo amabili ayaziwa kusukela ku-albhamu - "Pyramid Song" kanye ne "Knives Out" - okuwuphawu lokuthi i-albhamu yayitholakala kakhulu ngokwezentengiso kuneyandulelayo.
Dumisani isela nigqekeze
Ekupheleni konyaka, iqembu lakhipha i-I Might Be Wrong: Live Recordings, kwathi ehlobo lika-2002 lagxila ekuqopheni i-albhamu entsha no-Godrich. Umphumela othi "Hail to the Thief" wavela ngoJuni 2003, waphinde wakhishwa phezulu emashadi ngamazwe - inombolo yokuqala e-UK kanye nenombolo yesithathu e-US.
Ibhendi isekele i-albhamu ngezinhlelo ezibukhoma, okufike umvuthwandaba ngokudlala kweqembu okuphambili e-Coachella 2004, okuhambisana nokukhishwa kwe-COM LAG b-sides nama-remix. Lokhu kurekhoda kusize ukuvikela inkontileka ne-EMI.
Eminyakeni embalwa eyalandela, iRadiohead yayinesabatha njengoba amalungu ayephishekela amaphrojekthi ayedwa. Ngo-2006, u-Yorke wakhipha umsebenzi osebenza yedwa we-elekthronikhi othi The Eraser, kwathi uJonny Greenwood waqala umsebenzi wakhe njengomqambi, waqala nge-Bodysong ka-2004, wabe eseqala ukusebenzisana okunezithelo noPaul Thomas Anderson ngo-2007 weWill Will Be Blood. UGreenwood uzophinde asebenze kumafilimu alandelayo ka-Anderson, The Master and Inherent Vice.
Indlela entsha yokuthengisa
Amaseshini ambalwa angazange aphumelele nge-Spike Stent aholele ibhendi ukuthi ibuyele e-Godrich ngasekupheleni kuka-2006, yaqeda ukuqopha ngoJuni 2007. Namanje bengenalebula yokuqopha, banqume ukukhipha i-albhamu ngedijithali ngewebhusayithi yabo esemthethweni, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhokhe noma iyiphi imali. Leli su elisha lisebenze njengokuphromotha kwe-albhamu - iningi lezindatshana ezimayelana nokukhishwa kwalo msebenzi zithi bekuwuguquko.
I-albhamu ithole ukukhishwa ngokomzimba e-UK ngoDisemba kwalandelwa ukukhishwa kukaJanuwari 2008 e-US. Irekhodi lidayiswe kahle, liphuma okokuqala e-UK futhi lawina iGrammy ye-Best Alternative Music Album.
IRadiohead yahambela ukweseka i-In Rainbows ngo-2009, kwathi phakathi nohambo, i-EMI yakhipha iRadiohead: The Best Of ngoJuni 2008. Ibhendi yaphinde yathula ngo-2010, yavumela u-Yorke ukuthi akhe iqembu elibizwa ngokuthi i-Atoms for Peace nomdidiyeli u-Godrich kanye noFlea abavela ku-Red Hot Chili Peppers.
Ngalesi sikhathi, umculi wesigubhu uPhil Selway ukhiphe i-albhamu yakhe yokuqala eyedwa, ethi, Familial.
Album Inkosi Yezitho
Ekuqaleni kuka-2011, ibhendi yase iphothule umsebenzi we-albhamu entsha futhi, njengakuRainbows phambilini, iRadiohead iqale yakhipha i-The King of Limbs ngedijithali ngewebhusayithi yabo. Okulandiwe kuvele ngoFebhuwari kanti amakhophi aphathekayo avela ngoMashi.
I-albhamu yesishiyagalolunye kaRadiohead, ethi, A Moon Shaped Pool, ikhishwe ngoMeyi 8, 2016, inezingoma ezithi “Burn the Witch” kanye nethi “Daydreaming” ezikhishwe ekuqaleni kwesonto. I-Radiohead isekele i-A Moon Shaped Pool ohambweni lwamazwe ngamazwe futhi ngoJuni 2017 bagubha iminyaka engu-20 ye-OK Computer ngokukhishwa kabusha kwamadiski amabili e-albhamu enesihloko esithi OKNOTOK.
Ngenxa yamabhonasi amaningi nezinto ebezingakhishiwe ngaphambilini, inombolo yenguqulo yesibili ingene kumashadi ase-UK futhi yasekelwa ukusebenza kwethelevishini okukhulu e-Glastonbury. Ngonyaka olandelayo, uSelway, York kanye noGreenwood bakhiphe izingoma zomsindo wefilimu, kwathi lo wakamuva wathola ukuqokwa kwe-Oscar ngamaphuzu akhe ku-Phantom Thread.
