USergei Rachmaninov uyingcebo yaseRussia. Umculi onethalente, umbhidisi nomqambi udale esakhe isitayela esiyingqayizivele sokuzwakala kwemisebenzi yakudala. I-Rachmaninov ingelashwa ngendlela ehlukile. Kodwa akekho ozophikisa ukuthi waba neqhaza elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni komculo wakudala.
Ubuntwana nobusha bomqambi
Umqambi odumile wazalelwa endaweni encane yaseSemyonovo. Nokho, uRachmaninov wachitha ebuntwaneni nasebusheni bakhe e-Onega. Sergey wakhumbula ebuntwaneni bakhe ngemfudumalo ekhethekile.
U-Sergey wayenawo wonke amathuba okuba umculi odumile. Iqiniso liwukuthi uyise wacula kahle futhi wadlala izinsimbi zomculo eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Futhi umkhulu (ohlangothini lukababa) wayengumculi wasenkantolo. Akumangazi ukuthi umculo we-classic uvame ukuzwakala endlini kaRachmaninoffs.
U-Rachmaninov Jr. uthathe ukuphawula komculo kusukela ebusheni bakhe. Okokuqala, umama wayethembisene umshado nomfana, kwase kuba uthisha oqeqeshiwe. Lapho eneminyaka engu-9 ubudala, uSergei wangena eSt. Petersburg Conservatory. Kwakuyisinyathelo esingathi sína esasiza uRachmaninov ekugcineni anqume umsebenzi wakhe wesikhathi esizayo.
Ngemva kokushiya ikhaya lakhe esemncane, uSeryozha omncane wawela esilingweni. Izifundo zomculo zaphela ngemuva, waqala ukweqa amakilasi. Ngokushesha u-rector wamema u-Rachmaninov Sr. ukuze baxoxe futhi wameluleka ukuba adlulisele indodana yakhe esikoleni esizimele sokufundela izingane ezinesiphiwo somculo, esasiseMoscow. Kwakuyinketho enhle kumfana ophikayo. Endlini okuhlalwa kuyo abafundi bebebukwa. Kwakunombuso nemithetho eqinile. Abafana bafunda umculo amahora angu-6 ngosuku. Futhi ngemva kwamakilasi aqeda amandla, bavakashela i-Philharmonic kanye ne-Opera House.
U-Rachmaninoff wayenomlingiswa oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, waxabana nomeluleki wakhe futhi wanquma ukushiya izifundo zakhe unomphela. Kuthiwa uthisha unikeze uSergei indawo yokuhlala emzini wakhe, kodwa uRachmaninov wayefuna izimo ezingcono. Ingxabano yenzeka ezingeni lasekhaya.
USergei wahlala enhloko-dolobha nezihlobo eziseduze. Ngokushesha waphinde wangena e-conservatory, kulokhu emnyangweni omkhulu. Uthole indondo yegolide esikhungweni semfundo. Uthole iziqu zakhe njengomdlali wopiyano nomqambi.
Umsebenzi womculi Sergei Rachmaninov
Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu, uSergei wathola umsebenzi wokuba uthisha. Wafundisa izintombi ukudlala upiyano ezikhungweni zabesifazane. Kulo msebenzi, u-Rachmaninov wakhangwa into eyodwa kuphela - ithuba lokuxhumana nobulili obuhle. Wayengakuthandi ngokweqiniso ukufundisa. Kamuva wasebenza njengomqhubi e-Bolshoi Theatre enhloko-dolobha. Ubuye wahola i-orchestra lapho benza imidlalo ye-repertoire yaseRussia.
Kuyaphawuleka, kepha lapho kwenziwa ama-repertoire angaphandle, u-I.K. Altani wangaphandle wayenomthwalo wawo. Ngemva Okthoba Revolution, maestro wanquma ukushiya izwe lakubo. Wanikezwa ukudlala ikhonsathi e-Stockholm. Ngemva kokudlala kahle, wayengajahile ukubuyela eRussia.
Lapho u-Rachmaninov evuma ukuba nekhonsathi e-Stockholm futhi ekhuluma ngenjongo yakhe yokuba yisakhamuzi sakwelinye izwe, waphucwa imali nezakhiwo. Kodwa uSergei akazange acasuke kakhulu. Ngemva kokudlala amakhonsathi amaningi, wazicebisa futhi waletha umndeni wakhe ezingeni elisha.
Indlela yokudala yomqambi Sergei Rachmaninov
Ngisho nalapho efunda e-conservatory, u-Rachmaninoff wayesevele enegunya elithile emibuthanweni ye-elite. Kodwa ukuthandwa akuzange kudlule inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia. Wabe esethula ikhonsathi yokuqala yepiyano, isethulo se-C-sharp encane nezithandani eziningi ezihlabayo.
Umsebenzi wokuqamba wengcweti, owaqala kahle, wama ngokushesha. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-Symphony No. 1 yaphenduka "ukwehluleka". Ngemva kwesethulo sakhe, abagxeki abaningi bangabaza ithalenta Rachmaninoff.
USergei waba nesikhathi esinzima ngesikhathi esinzima. Ngemva kokwehluleka, wacindezeleka. I-maestro ayizange idale iminyaka engaphezu kwemithathu - wavele walala embhedeni futhi wenqaba ukubhala izingoma ezintsha.
Ngo-1901, umqambi waphendukela kudokotela ukuze athole usizo, futhi wambeka ezinyaweni zakhe. Ngemva kwalokho, maestro wethula umsebenzi "Ikhonsathi Yesibili Piano". Namuhla, abaningi babiza umsebenzi owethulwe ngekhadi lokushaya lomqambi.
Khona-ke umqambi wethula inkondlo ye-symphonic "Isle of the Dead", "Symphony No. 2" kanye ne "Piano Sonata No. 2". Emisebenzini yomculo eyethulwa, u-Rachmaninov wembula ithalente lakhe njengomqambi.
Ngemva kokuthuthela kwelinye izwe, uSergei akazange alethe imikhiqizo emisha ekhanyayo isikhathi eside. Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, i-maestro yethula i-Piano Concerto No. 10 kanye nezingoma ezimbalwa zesiRashiya.
Wachitha iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe ekhuthele ngangokunokwenzeka. Umqambi wethule izingoma ezimbalwa ezihlakaniphile ngesikhathi esisodwa. Sikhuluma ngemisebenzi ethi "Symphony No. 3", "Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini for Piano and Orchestra" kanye "Symphonic Dances". Izingoma ezethulwe zibe phezulu eziqongweni zomculo wakudala womhlaba.
Imininingwane yempilo yomuntu siqu
USergei Rachmaninov wayeyindoda enothando futhi enothando. Ngenxa yesimo sakhe sobuntu, wayehlala ephakathi kokunakwa kwabesifazane. Umqambi wayezungezwe ubuhle, futhi nguye owayenelungelo lokuzikhethela.
Wayesemncane ngesikhathi ehlangana nodade bakwaSkalon. USergei waqala ukubonisa isithakazelo sangempela komunye wodade - uVera. U-Rachmaninov wamnaka, wayemnene futhi enomusa nentombazane encane. Kwakukhona ubudlelwane be-platonic phakathi kwezithandani. Ebuhleni obunesiyezi uVera Skalon, wanikezela ngengoma ethi "Ekuthuleni Kobusuku Obuyimfihlo".
Ngemva kokubuyela eMoscow, i-maestro yabhalela uVera izincwadi zothando eziyikhulu. Wagcwalisa uSclon ngombhalo wesandla onezimemezelo ezishisekayo zothando. Uthando u-Rachmaninoff ayenalo emphefumulweni wakhe aluzange lumvimbele ukuba athandane nomkakhe womngane wakhe, u-Anna Lodyzhenskaya. Waze wanikezela ngothando oluthi “Hhayi-ke, ngiyakuncenga, ungahambi!” kowesifazane. Intshisekelo ku-Anya noVera yehla ngokushesha.
U-Natalia Alexandrovna Satina ungumfazi wokuqala nowokugcina osemthethweni we-maestro edumile. Wayeyindodakazi yezihlobo ezakhosela uSergei ngenkathi efunda eMoscow Conservatory. Wanikezela ngothando "Ungaculi, ubuhle, nami" kumkakhe. Owesifazane wanikeza uSergei amadodakazi amabili.
Ezothando olusha
U-Rachmaninoff wayengumuntu wokudala, efuna njalo imizwelo emisha. Ngokushesha wathandana noNina Kosits. Ikakhulukazi kowesifazane, i-maestro yabhala izingxenye eziningi zezwi. Ngemva kokuba uSergei eshiye izwe lakubo, wayekwazi ukubonakala ekanye nomkakhe osemthethweni.
Ngemva kokuthuthela kwelinye izwe, umqambi Russian wachitha isikhathi esiningi e-United States of America. Kodwa lokhu akuzange kumvimbele ekwakheni indlu kanokusho "Senar" eSwitzerland.
Kwakukule villa lapho uRachmaninoff wakwazi ukujabulela uthando lwakhe lwakudala - ubuchwepheshe. Indlu yayinekheshi, ujantshi omncane kanye nentsha yangaleso sikhathi - i-vacuum cleaner. Kwakukhona izimoto eziningana eziphakeme egaraji lomqambi.
USergei walwela ukunethezeka futhi akazange afihle iqiniso lokuthi uthanda ukuphila okucebile nazo zonke izinzuzo zayo. U-Rachmaninoff wanikeza amadodakazi akhe kanye nezindlalifa ezalandela ukuphila okuhle.
Naphezu kokuthuthela kwelinye izwe, uRachmaninoff waqhubeka ethanda izwe laseRussia. Izisebenzi zaseRussia zazisebenza endlini yakhe, wazungeza abafuduki baseRussia. Futhi eshalofini lakhe kwakukhona izincwadi zolimi lwakhe lwendabuko. Akazange abuyele ezweni lakubo ngesizathu esisodwa kuphela - Sergei akazange aqaphele amandla Soviet.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana nomqambi Sergei Rachmaninov
- Ngesikhathi efunda e-conservatory, u-Tchaikovsky wanika u-Rachmaninov uphawu oluphakeme kakhulu lokudlala kwakhe kwe-harmonica ehlakaniphile.
- Bonke abadlali bopiyano bakhuluma ngosayizi ongakaze ubonwe wezandla zikaRachmaninov, ngenxa yokuthi wakwazi ukudlala izingoma eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
- Eminyakeni yamuva, uRachmaninoff wayehlushwa ukwesaba ukufa. Ngokunokwenzeka, ukwesaba kwavela ngemuva kohambo olunzima. Ngenyanga wayenganikela ngamakhonsathi afinyelela kwangu-50. Impilo yakhe yengqondo yawohloka kancane.
- Washada nomzala.
- Ngesikhathi edlala, u-Rachmaninoff ucele ukuthi izethameli zithule. Abalaleli bakhe abawugcinanga lo mthetho, wakwazi ukumisa ikhonsathi waphuma esiteji.
iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila
U-Rachmaninov wachitha impilo yakhe yonke hhayi nje ukubhala imisebenzi ye-chic, kodwa futhi nokubhema. Wayebhema kakhulu futhi kaningi. Ukulutha kudale i-melanoma ku-maestro. Umqambi wafunda ngalesi sifo izinyanga ezingu-1,5 ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe. Wafa ngo-March 28, 1943.
