Umqambi nomculi waseMelika uFrank Zappa wangena emlandweni womculo we-rock njengomhloli ongenakuqhathaniswa. Imibono yakhe emisha yagqugquzela abaculi ngeminyaka yawo-1970, 1980s kanye nawo-1990. Ifa lakhe lisathakasela labo abafuna isitayela sabo emculweni.
Phakathi kwabangane bakhe nabalandeli kwakunabaculi abadumile: Adrian Bale, Alice Cooper, Steve Vai. Umqambi wesiginci waseMelika uTrey Anastasio uzwakalise umbono wakhe ngomsebenzi wakhe ngale ndlela: “I-Zappa ingeyokuqala 100%.
Imboni yomculo icindezela abantu ngamandla amangalisayo. UFrank akazange antengantenge. Kuyamangaza."
Ubuntwana nobusha bukaFrank Zappa
UFrank Vincent Zappa wazalwa ngoDisemba 21, 1940. Umndeni wakhe wabe usuhlala eBaltimore, eMaryland. Ngenxa yomsebenzi kababa, owawuhlotshaniswa nesakhiwo sezempi-yezimboni, abazali nezingane zabo ezine bahlala behamba. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, uFrank wayethanda ukuthakwa kwamakhemikhali. Kwakuhlangene nomsebenzi kababa.
Wayehlale eletha amashubhu okuhlola ekhaya, imaski yegesi, izitsha zePetri ezinamabhola e-mercury namakhemikhali ahlukahlukene. UFrank wanelisa ilukuluku lakhe ngokwenza ukuhlola kwamakhemikhali. Njengabo bonke abafana, waba nesithakazelo ekuhloleni isibhamu namakepisi. Enye yazo yacishe yabulala umfana.
UFrank Zappa wayencamela izifundo zomculo. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lo mculi wathi "ingqondo yamakhemikhali" ibonakale emculweni wakhe.
Lapho eneminyaka engu-12, waba nesithakazelo kumadubhu futhi waya ezifundweni zikaKeith McKilopp. Uthisha wafundisa izingane isikole saseScotland sokushaya izigubhu. Ethola ulwazi oludingekayo kuthisha, uFrank waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe eyedwa.
Waqale wazilolongela ngesigubhu esiqashiwe, wabe esesebenzisa ifenisha nawo wonke amathuluzi akhona. Ngo-1956, uZappa wayesevele edlala eqenjini lesikole nebhendi yethusi. Wabe esencenga abazali bakhe ukuthi bamthengele isigubhu.
Ukuqonda umculo we-classic
Njenge "izinsiza zokufundisa" uZappa wasebenzisa amarekhodi. Wathenga amarekhodi futhi wenza imidwebo enesigqi. Lapho ukwakheka kuyinkimbinkimbi, kwakuthakazelisa kakhulu kuye. Abaqambi abathandwayo bentsha kwakungu-Igor Stravinsky, u-Edgar Varèse, u-Anton Webern.
Irekhodi elinamaculo ka-Varèse Frank labeka kuwo wonke umuntu owayemvakashele. Kwakuwuhlobo oluthile lokuhlola ubuhlakani. Manje, ngezinhloso ezifanayo, abalandeli be-Zappa bavula umculo wakhe ezivakashini zabo.
UFrank Zappa wafunda umculo ngokulalela amakhulu ezingoma nokulalela imibono yabantu ayebabiza ngokuthi abeluleki bakhe bomculo. Umholi weqembu lesikole, uMnu. Cavelman, waqala wamtshela ngomculo onethoni eziyi-12.
Uthisha womculo e-Entelope Valley School, uMnu. Ballard, wamethemba izikhathi eziningana ukuthi aqhube i-orchestra. Wabe esexosha osemusha eqenjini ngenxa yokubhema egqoke umfaniswano, wenza uFrank umusa omkhulu.
Umphathi weqembu umsindise emsebenzini oyisicefe wokushaya izigubhu ngesikhathi semidlalo yebhola. Uthisha wesiNgisi uDon Cerveris, esebhale umdlalo wakhe wokuqala wesikrini, wanika uFrank umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala wokukopisha ifilimu.
Ukuqala komsebenzi womculi uFrank Zappa
Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme, uZappa wathuthela eLos Angeles. Uqale umsebenzi wokuba ngumculi, umqambi, umdidiyeli, umqondisi wamafilimu kanye nongomunye wabaculi abanyanye kakhulu emhlabeni womculo we-rock.
Isiqubulo esiyinhloko somsebenzi wakhe kwakuwukuvezwa kombono wakhe. Abagxeki bamsola ngobuxhwanguxhwangu, abaculi - ngokungafundi. Futhi izethameli zalwamukela ngentshiseko noma yiluphi uhlelo lukaFrank Zappa.
Konke kwaqala nge-Freak Out! (1966). Yaqoshwa neThe Mothers of Invention. Iqembu ekuqaleni lalibizwa ngokuthi Omama (kusuka egameni elihlambalazayo elithi motherfucker, elihunyushwa lisuka ku-slang lomculo, lisho "umculi we-virtuoso").
Phakathi nenkathi yokukhulekela kweThe Beatles nabanye abaculi bemfashini, ukubonakala kwabafana abanezinwele ezinde begqoke izingubo ezingaqondakali kwakuyinselele emphakathini.
UFrank Zappa nomculo we-elekthronikhi
Ku-albhamu, ekhishwe ngo-1968, uZappa wagcina ememezele indlela yakhe ye-elekthronikhi emculweni. Ukuhamba ngomkhumbi noRuben & the Jets kwakuhluke kakhulu ku-albhamu yakhe yokuqala. Ube ngowesine eqenjini elithi The Mothers of Invention. Kusukela lapho, uZappa akakashintshi isitayela sakhe asikhethile.
Ngawo-1970 wekhulu leminyaka elidlule, uFrank Zappa waqhubeka nokuzama indlela yokuhlanganisa. Uphinde wenza ifilimu ethi "200 Motels", wavikela amalungelo akhe njengomculi nomdidiyeli emacaleni. Le minyaka bekuyingqophamlando yomsebenzi wakhe.
Ohambweni oluningi kwakukhona amakhulu ezinkulungwane zabalandeli besitayela sakhe esingajwayelekile. Waqopha umculo wakhe neLondon Symphony Orchestra. Izinkulumo zakhe ezinkantolo zacutshungulwa ukuze kucashunwe. UFrank Zappa waba ngumculi webhizinisi ophumelele kakhulu emculweni we-rock. Ngo-1979 kwakhishwa ama-albhamu amabili athengiswa kakhulu, uSheik Yerbouti kanye neGarage likaJoe.
Ngawo-1980, umculi wayencamela ukuhlolwa kwezinsimbi nakakhulu. Ukhiphe ama-albhamu amathathu anezinsimbi ngo-1981. UZappa wasebenzisa i-Synclavier njengensimbi yakhe yesitudiyo.
Ukudala okwalandela kwahlotshaniswa naleli thuluzi. I-Zappa iqophe futhi yathengisa ama-albhamu wezinsimbi zokuqala nge-oda. Kodwa babedingeka kakhulu. I-CBS Records ikhiphe ukukhishwa kwayo emhlabeni jikelele.
Khuphuka ekudumeni eMpumalanga Yurophu
Ngawo-1990, uFrank Zappa wamukelwa ngentshiseko emazweni angemva kweSoviet. Yena ngokwakhe wayengalindele inani elinjalo labalandeli eMpumalanga Yurophu.
Wavakashela eCzechoslovakia. Umongameli uHavel ubemkhonze kakhulu lo mculi. Ngo-January 1990, isimemo sika-Stas Namin, uZappa wafika eMoscow. Uhambele amazwe njengosomabhizinisi. Ukuxilonga kukadokotela "Umdlavuza Wendlala Yendlala Yesinye" kwenza izinguquko ezinhlelweni zokuvakasha zomculi.
UFrank Zappa wehle emlandweni njengomphikisi oshisekayo wayo yonke into ephula inkululeko yokuzikhethela yomuntu. Wamelana nenqubo yezombangazwe, izimfundiso zenkolo, uhlelo lwemfundo. Inkulumo yakhe edumile ayibhekise kwiSigele ngoSepthemba 19, 1985, yayiwukugxeka imisebenzi yeSikhungo Sabazali Sokukhiqiza Umculo.
Ngendlela yakhe evamile enokuxhamazela, u-Zappa wafakazela ukuthi zonke iziphakamiso zeSikhungo ziyindlela eqondile yokuhlolwa, ngakho-ke ephula amalungelo abantu. Umculi akagcinanga ngokumemezela ngenkululeko yomuntu ngamazwi. Lokhu wakubonisa ngesibonelo sempilo yakhe nomsebenzi wakhe. Lo mculi waklonyeliswa ngendondo ye-Grammy. UFrank Zappa ungeniswa e-Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
UFrank ubelokhu esekelwa umndeni wakhe. Umshado wokuqala Catherine Sherman wathatha iminyaka 4. Kanye "nomthakathi" uGail (Adelaide Gali Slotman), uZappa waphila kusukela ngo-1967 kuya ku-1993. Emshadweni, baba namadodana u-Dweezil no-Ahmet, amadodakazi uMun no-Diva.
Uhambo lokugcina luka-Frank Zappa
Ngo-December 5, 1993, umndeni wabika ukuthi ngo-December 4, 1993, uFrank Zappa waqhubeka “nohambo lwakhe lokugcina” cishe ngo-18.00:XNUMX ntambama.
