Umqambi okhaliphile u-Hector Berlioz ukwazile ukwenza ama-opera amaningi ahlukile, ama-symphonies, izingcezu zamakhwaya nama-overtures. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ezweni lakubo, umsebenzi kaHector wayehlale egxekwa, kuyilapho emazweni aseYurophu, wayengomunye wabaqambi nabaculi abafunwa kakhulu.
Ubuntwana nobusha
Wazalelwa eFrance. Usuku lokuzalwa lwe-maestro lungoDisemba 11, 1803. Ubuntwana buka-Hector babuhlotshaniswa nedolobha laseLa Cote-Saint-André. Umama wakhe wayengumKatolika. Lona wesifazane wayezinikele kakhulu futhi ezama ukugxilisa ezinganeni zakhe uthando ngenkolo.
Inhloko yomkhaya yayingahambisani neze nemibono yomkayo ngenkolo. Wayesebenza njengodokotela, ngakho waqaphela isayensi kuphela. Inhloko yomndeni yakhulisa izingane kanzima. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi waba ngowokuqala ukwenza i-acupuncture, futhi wathuthukisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukubhala kwezokwelapha.
Ubengumuntu ohlonishwayo. Ubaba wayevame ukungabi nasekhaya njengoba eya emihlanganweni yesayensi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubeyisivakashi esamukelekile ngobusuku obabubanjelwe ezindlini zezicukuthwane.
Ngokwengxenye enkulu, inkosikazi yayinomthwalo wemfanelo wokukhulisa izingane. UHector wakhumbula umama wakhe ngothando. Akagcinanga ngokumnika uthando nokunakekelwa, kodwa futhi wafaka isithakazelo ezincwadini nomculo.
Ubaba wayebhekele ukuthuthukiswa kukaHector. Wayefuna ukuthi indodana yakhe ifunde izincwadi nsuku zonke. Ikakhulukazi, uBerlioz wayethanda ukufunda i-geography. Wayeyingane ephuphayo. Ngesikhathi efunda izincwadi, waphupha ngokuvakashela kwamanye amazwe. Wayefuna ukwazi umhlaba wonke futhi amenzele okuthile okuwusizo.
Ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwabantwana, ubaba wanquma ukuthi zonke izindlalifa zakhe zizofunda imithi. UHector naye wayezilungiselele lokhu. Yiqiniso, lokhu akuzange kumvimbele ukuba afunde ukuphawula komculo, kanye nokufunda ngokuzimela ukudlala izinsimbi zomculo eziningana.
Odadewabo abancane balalele umdlalo womfowabo. Ukuqashelwa kwethalente kugqugquzele uBerlioz ukuthi abhale imidlalo emifushane. Ngaleso sikhathi, akazange acabange ngalokho ayezokwenza emculweni ezingeni elikhokhelwayo. Kunalokho, kwakuwukuzijabulisa kuye.
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, wayengenaso isikhathi somculo. Inhloko yomndeni yalayisha indodana yayo ngangokunokwenzeka. UBerlioz wanikela cishe sonke isikhathi sakhe ekutadisheni kwe-anatomy nesiLatini. Ngemva kwamakilasi, wahlalela imisebenzi yefilosofi.
Ukwamukelwa enyuvesi
Ngo-1821, ngemva kokudabula yonke imibuthano yesihogo, waphumelela izivivinyo futhi wangena esikhungweni semfundo ephakeme. Inhloko yomndeni yaphikelela ukuthi indodana yayo ifunde eParis. Wamkhomba enyuvesi okufanele angene kuyo. Kusukela emzamweni wokuqala, uBerlioz wabhaliswa emkhakheni wezokwelapha.
UHector wabamba ulwazi ngempukane. Wayekuthanda ukufunda futhi engomunye wabafundi abaphumelela kakhulu ekilasini lakhe. Othisha babona ikhono elikhulu kumfana. Kodwa, ngokushesha isimo sashintsha. Kwake kwadingeka avule isidumbu ngokuzimela. Lesi simo saba yinguquko ku-biography kaBerlioz.
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, umuthi wamsusa. Kuvele ukuthi ubengumuntu ozwelayo. Ngenxa yokuhlonipha uyise akazange asiyeke isikole. Inhloko yomndeni, ebifuna ukondla indodana yayo, yamthumelela imali. Wachitha imali ngokudla okumnandi nezingubo ezinhle. Yiqiniso, akuzange kuhlale isikhathi eside.
Izingubo eziluhlaza zivele ku-wardrobe ye-Berlioz encane. Ekugcineni, wakwazi ukuvakashela ezindlini ze-opera. U-Hector wajoyina imvelo yamasiko, ejwayelana nemisebenzi yabaqambi abakhulu.
Ehlatshwe umxhwele yizincwadi ayezizwile, wabhalisa emtatsheni wezincwadi wendawo ukuze enze amakhophi ezingcezu azithandayo. Lokhu kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukutadisha izimiso zokuqamba izingoma. Wakwazi ukufunda ukuhlukanisa izici zezwe zabaqambi.
Waqhubeka nokufundela ubudokotela, kwathi ngemva kwamakilasi waphuthuma ekhaya. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, uzama ukuqamba izingoma zokuqala zochwepheshe. Imizamo yokuzibonakalisa njengomqambi ivele yalingana. Ngemva kwalokho, waphendukela kuJean-Francois Lesueur ukuze athole usizo. Lona wakamuva waduma njengomqambi we-opera ongcono kakhulu. UBerlioz wayefuna ukufunda izinto eziyisisekelo zokuqamba imisebenzi yomculo kuye.
Imisebenzi yokuqala kaHector Berlioz
Uthisha wakwazi ukudlulisela ulwazi kuHector mayelana nobunkimbinkimbi bokuqamba ingoma, futhi ngokushesha wabhala izingoma zokuqala. Ngeshwa, azizange zigcinwe kuze kube yizikhathi zethu. Ngalesi sikhathi, waze wabhala isihloko lapho ezama ukuvikela umculo kazwelonke e-Italy. UBerlioz ugcizelele ukuthi abaqambi baseFrance ababi kakhulu kune-maestro yase-Italy, futhi bangase bancintisane nabo.
Ngaleso sikhathi, wayesenqume ngokuqinile ukuxhuma impilo yakhe nomculo. Naphezu kwalokhu, ubaba waphikelela ekutholeni imfundo ephakeme nokuqhubeka nemisebenzi yezokwelapha.
Iqiniso lokuthi uHector Berlioz akalalelanga inhloko yomndeni kwaholela ekwehleni kweholo. Kodwa, i-maestro yayingesabi ubumpofu. Wayekulungele ukudla imvuthuluka yesinkwa, ukuze enze umculo.
Imininingwane yempilo yomuntu siqu ka-Maestro Hector Berlioz
Imvelo kaBerlioz ingabizwa ngokuphephile ngokuthi inkanuko futhi iyashiseka. I-maestro yayinenani elimangalisayo lamanoveli anobuhle. Ekuqaleni kwawo-1830, wathatheka intombazane okuthiwa uMarie Mock. Yena, njengomqambi, wayengumuntu wokudala. UMarie wadlala upiyano ngobuchule.
UMok waphendula uHector naye. Wenza izinhlelo ezinkulu zokuphila komndeni, waze wakwazi nokwenza uMarie isicelo somshado. Kodwa, intombazane ayizange ithethelele ithemba layo. Washada nendoda ephumelele kakhudlwana.
UHector akazange abe lusizi isikhathi eside. Ngokushesha wabonakala ebuhlotsheni nomlingisi weshashalazi uHarriet Smithson. Waqala ukuqoma ngokubhalela intokazi yenhliziyo izincwadi zothando, lapho avuma khona ukuzwelana nayo nangethalente layo. Ngo-1833, lo mbhangqwana washada.
Kulo mshado, kwazalwa indlalifa. Kodwa akuzona zonke izinto ezazibukeka kahle. UBerlioz, owazizwa egodola ngenxa yomkakhe, wathola induduzo ezingalweni zenkosikazi yakhe. UHector wayethathekile ngoMarie Recio. Wayehamba naye uma eya emakhonsathini, futhi-ke, wayeseduze kakhulu kunalokho okwakungase kubonakale ezilalelini.
Ngemva kokushona komkakhe osemthethweni, wathatha inkosikazi yakhe yaba umkakhe. Emshadweni ojabulisayo, baphila iminyaka engaba ngu-10. Owesifazane washona ngaphambi komyeni wakhe.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngomqambi
- U-Hector wayethanda ukuphila kwakhe, ngakho-ke wadlulisela izenzakalo eziqhakazile kuma-memoirs akhe siqu. Lona ungomunye wama-maestro ambalwa ashiye ngemuva kwe-biography enemininingwane.
- Ube nenhlanhla yokuhlangana noNicolo Paganini. Lesi sakamuva samcela ukuba abhale ikhonsathi ye-viola ne-orchestra. Wafeza umyalo, futhi ngokushesha u-Niccolò wenza ne-symphony ethi "Harold in Italy".
- Efuna imali eyengeziwe, wasebenza komunye wemitapo yolwazi yaseParis.
- Waphupha imisebenzi ethile, wavuka ekuseni wayidlulisela ephepheni.
- Wethula izinto eziningi ezintsha ekuqhubeni izindlela. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ezinye zisasetshenziswa nanamuhla.
Iminyaka yokugcina kaHector Berlioz
Ngo-1867, wezwa ukuthi ubhadane lwe-yellow fever lwaludlangile eHavana. Khona-ke ukuphela kwendlalifa yomqambi wafa kuye. Waba lusizi ngokushonelwa indodana yakhe okuwukuphela kwayo. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwayithinta inhlalakahle yakhe evamile.
Ukuze ngandlela-thile aziphazamise, wasebenza kanzima, wavakashela izindawo zeshashalazi, wavakashela izindawo eziningi futhi wahamba. Imithwalo ayizange idlule. Umqambi washaywa unhlangothi, okwabangela ukufa kwakhe. Umzimba wakhe wangcwatshwa ekuqaleni kuka-March 1869.
