URay Charles wayengumculi onesibopho esikhulu ekuthuthukiseni umculo we-soul. Abaculi abanjengo USam Cook и UJackie Wilson, nayo yaba negalelo elikhulu ekudalweni komsindo womphefumulo. Kodwa uCharles wenza okwengeziwe. Uhlanganise i-R&B yama-'50s namazwi aseBhayibhelini asekelwe ekuculeni. Kwengezwe imininingwane eminingi evela ku-jazz yesimanje namablues.
Khona-ke kufanelekile ukuphawula ukukhiqizwa kwayo komsindo. Isitayela sakhe bekungesinye semizwa futhi esibonakala kalula phakathi kwabadlali bekhulu lama-20 abafana no-Elvis Presley noBillie Holiday. Ubuye waba umdlali wekhibhodi osezingeni eliphezulu, umhleli kanye nomholi webhendi.
Imizamo yokuqala yokwenza umculo
Impumputhe kusukela eneminyaka eyisithupha (kusuka ku-glaucoma), uCharles wafunda ukuqamba futhi wafunda ukudlala izinsimbi zomculo eziningi e-St. Augustine's School for the Deaf and Blind. Abazali bakhe bashona esemncane, futhi wasebenza isikhashana njengomculi eFlorida ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imali ayeyongile ukuze athuthele eSeattle ngo-1947. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-'40s, wayeqopha umculo we-pop/R&B, uhlobo olususelwa ku-Nat "King" Cole.
Ngo-1951, uCharles waba nengoma yakhe yokuqala yokuqala eyishumi ye-R&B ethi "Baby, Let Me Hold Your Hand." Okurekhodiwe kokuqala kuka-Charles kudonse ukugxekwa okukhulu, njengoba bekuthambile futhi kuncane kakhulu kunokwakudala "kwakudala" okwakuzolandela. Nakuba izingoma zijabulisa ngempela, zibonisa amakhono amahle omculi.
Ukuthola owakho umsindo
Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-'50s, umsindo ka-Charles waqala ukuba lukhuni ngenkathi evakashela u-Lowell Fulson. Kamuva uCharles waya eNew Orleans eyosebenza noGuitar Slim. Udlale okhiye futhi wahlela ingoma edume kakhulu ye-R&B ethi Guitar Slim Izinto Engangijwayele Ukuzenza.” Lapho, lo mculi wahlanganisa ibhendi yesihlabani seR&B uRuth Brown.
Kwakuse-Atlantic Records lapho uRay Charles ethola khona izwi lakhe. Kuhlanganiswe impumelelo yeminyaka yamuva. Umphumela waba ingoma ye-R&B ethi “I Got a Woman” ngo-1955. Le ngoma ivame ukugqama njengomsindo wakhe oyinhloko. U-Charles ube ngowokuqala ukusebenzisa indlela yevangeli yokucula ngokweqiniso.
Kuwo wonke ama-50s, u-Charles uqophe uchungechunge lwamahithi e-R&B. Yize bengabizwanga ngabaphambili kuRay Charles, bathole ukuhlonishwa ngabaculi.
“Le Ntombazanyana Yami”, “Ngicwile Ezinyembezini Zami”, “Haleluya Ngiyithanda Kanjalo”, “Lonely Avenue” kanye “Nesikhathi Esifanele”. Wonke lawa amahithi angenakuqhathaniswa angaleso sikhathi, abhalwe ngu-Charles.
Nokho, umculi akakwazanga ngempela ukuheha izethameli ze-pop. Kuze kube yilapho ingoma eyodwa ethi “Ngizothini” ithathe ukunaka kwakhe ngamaphimbo akhe oqobo. Futhi emoyeni we-rock and roll ngokudlala upiyano lwakhe lwakudala lukagesi. Bekuyingoma yakhe yokuqala eyi-Top 10 ye-pop neyodwa yokugcina e-Atlantic. U-Charles ushiye ilebula ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-50s ukuze asayine ne-ABC.
Inkontileka entsha - imisebenzi emisha kaRay Charles
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zesivumelwano ne-ABC sika-Charles kwakuyizinga elikhulu lokulawula ngobuciko kokurekhodiwe kwakhe. Lokhu wakusebenzisa kahle kumahithi asekuqaleni kwawo-'60s. Phakathi kwazo kukhona "Unchain My Heart" kanye "Hit the Road Jack". Lawa mahithi aqinise ukuduma kohlobo lwe-R&B. Wenze kahle umsindo wakhe we-R&B ngenkathi esebenzela i-Atlantic.
Ngo-1962, wamangaza umhlaba womculo we-pop. Lo mculi wagxila emculweni wezwe nowasentshonalanga. Wahamba phambili ngamashadi ngeculo elithi “I Can't Stop Loving You”. Ikhiphe i-albhamu edume kakhulu esikhathini lapho ama-albhamu e-R&B/soul engavamile ukushadi. Le albhamu ibibizwa ngeModern Sounds in Country kanye neWestern Music.
UCharles ubelokhu e-eclectic. Waqopha izingoma eziningi ze-jazz e-Atlantic nabaculi be-jazz abadumile njengoDavid “Fathead” Newman noMilt Jackson.
Umlutha wezidakamizwa womculi uRay Charles
UCharles wahlala ethandwa kakhulu maphakathi nawo-60s. Ukhiphe amahithi aphumelele impela. Okufana nokuthi: "Busted", "You My Sunlight", "Thatha Amaketanga Enhliziyo Yami" kanye "Nesikhathi Sokukhala". Nakuba umsebenzi wakhe okhiqizayo wamiswa ngenxa yokulutha kwakhe i-heroin ngo-1965. Lokhu kuholele ekutheni lo mculi agcine unyaka wonke engayidlali imidlalo. Kodwa waqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe womculo ngo-1966.
Kodwa nokho, ngalesi sikhathi, uCharles wayesewunaka kakhulu umculo we-rock. Ngokuvamile ngamalungiselelo ezintambo ayebonakala eqondiswe kakhulu ezilalelini ezisencane.
Ithonya likaCharles etsheni elivamile lalibonakala njengakuqala; UJoe Cocker noSteve Winwood ikakhulukazi bamkweleta kakhulu isitayela sabo, futhi amazwibela emishwana yakhe angazwakala ngokucashile emsebenzini wezingwazi ezinjengoVan Morrison.
Ithonya likaRay Charles
Kunzima impela ukuhlola igalelo likaRay Charles ekuthuthukisweni komculo. Phela wayengumculi waseMelika. Njengoba wazi, okudumile eMelika kuthandwa emhlabeni wonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhono akhe ezwi awashintshile kakhulu emsebenzini wakhe wekhulunyaka.
Nokho, iqiniso lihlala likhona. Umsebenzi wakhe ngemva kweminyaka yawo-60 wawudumaza kakhulu. Izigidi zabalaleli bezilangazelela ukubuyela emsindweni ojwayelekile wezingoma zakhe zakudala kusukela ngo-1955-1965. Kodwa uCharles akazange azibophezele ohlotsheni olulodwa.
Njengo-Aretha Franklin no-Elvis Presley, ukugxila kwakhe kwakugxile kakhulu kusiko lwe-pop. Uthando lwakhe lwezingoma ze-jazz, zezwe kanye ne-pop lwalusobala. Ngezinye izikhathi wayebhala ngamahithi akhe. Uhlanganyele ngobuchule nezithameli zekhonsathi zamazwe ngamazwe ezizinikele noma nini lapho ethanda futhi efuna.
Ukuthi lokhu kuhle noma kubi kunzima ukukusho. Kodwa washiya uphawu lwakhe ekuqapheleni komphakathi waseMelika ngawo-1990. Ubhale izimakethe ezimbalwa zeDiet Pepsi. Uphinde waqopha ama-albhamu amathathu ngesikhathi sama-'90s we-Warner Bros. Kodwa waqhubeka engumculi wekhonsathi ethandwa kakhulu.
Ngo-2002, wakhipha i-albhamu ethi, "Thanks for Bringing Love Around Again". Ngonyaka olandelayo waqala ukuqopha i-albhamu yama-duets ngokubamba iqhaza kuka-B. King, uWillie Nelson, uMichael McDonald noJames Taylor.
Iminyaka yokugcina yempilo yomculi uRay Charles
Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa esikhundleni se-hip ngo-2003, wahlela uhambo lwehlobo elilandelayo, kodwa waphoqeleka ukuthi akhansele ngoMashi 2004. Ezinyangeni ezintathu kamuva, ngo-June 10, 2004, uRay Charles wabulawa isifo sesibindi emzini wakhe eBeverly Hills, eU.SA.
I-albhamu ye-duets Genius Loves Company ikhishwe ezinyangeni ezimbili ngemuva kokushona kwakhe. I-biopic Ray yakhululwa ekwindla ka-2010 futhi yaba yimpumelelo ebucayi neyohwebo. Umlingisi owadlala indawo kaCharles efilimini, uJamie Foxx, wawina indondo ye-Academy Award for Best Actor ngo-2005.
Amanye ama-albhamu amabili angasekho, iGenius & Friends nethi Ray Sings, Basie Swings, avele ngo-2005 nango-2006, ngokulandelana. Okurekhodiwe kukaCharles kwaqala ukuvela ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene zesimanje, ezikhishiwe kabusha, izinkumbulo namasethi wamabhokisi njengoba lonke ifa lakhe elirekhodiwe lidonse ukunaka kwabaculi banamuhla baseMelika.
